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Dejonge v. Oregon (1937)
The Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause protects the First Amendment right of freedom of assembly from state statutes, overturning Dirk De Jonge's conviction for assisting a meeting organized by the Communist Party. -
Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing (1947)
Arch R. Everson filed a lawsuit alleging that a New Jersey law that authorized reimbursements from local school boards for the cost of transportation (96% of these schools were private schools). Everson claimed this indirect aid to religion violated the First Amendment. Everson's lawsuit ended up being rejected by the Supreme Court on the basis that the reimbursements did not directly aid the religious aspect of the schools, as it was intended for the transportation of students. -
Ker v. California (1963)
California Authorities had entered George Ker's apartment without a warrant. Authorities seized marijuana and used the evidence in federal court. The Supreme Court decided that the Fourth Amendment's ban on unreasonable search and seizure applies to states through the Fourteenth Amendment. -
Pointer v. Texas (1965)
Bob Granville Pointer robbed a local 7/11. The Texas judge had used evidence drawn from a preliminary hearing where a counsel did not represent Pointer. The Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment's right to confront witnesses, as well as the right to cross-examine, applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment and is required for a fair trial. -
Argersinger V. Hamlin
In the landmark 1972 case Argersinger v. Hamlin, the Supreme Court ruled that anyone facing a jail sentence, even for a misdemeanor, has the right to court-appointed counsel if they cannot afford one.
This expanded the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel.