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Battles of Lexington and Concord
- colonists in many eastern New England towns stepped up military preparations. Minutemen, or civilian soldiers, began to quietly stockpile firearms and gunpowder. General Gage soon learned about these activities and prepared to strike back.
- The battle was important because the British wanted to capture the courthouse in concord where they believed colonists had stored ammunition.
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Battle of Bunker hill
- British General Thomas Gage decided to strike at militiamen who had dug in on Breed’s Hill, north of the city and near Bunker Hill.
- Battle was important because the battle was a significant morale-builder for the inexperienced Americans, convincing them that patriotic dedication could overcome superior British military might.
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Battle of New York
- General William Howe and Admiral Richard Howe, joined forces on Staten Island and sailed into New York harbor in the summer of 1776 with the largest British expeditionary force ever assembled—32,000 soldiers, including thousands of German mercenaries, or soldiers who fight solely for money.
- The importance of this war is that Washington rallied 23,000 men to New York’s defense, but he was vastly out numbered. Most of his troops were untrained recruits with poor equipment.
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Battle of Trenton
- Washington resolved to risk everything on one bold stroke set for Christmas night, 1776. In the face of a fierce storm, he led 2,400 men in small rowboats across the ice-choked Delaware River.
- The most important thing about the war isThe Americans were rallied by another astonishing victory eight days later against 1,200 British stationed at Princeton.
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Winter at Valley Forge
- Continental Army struggled to stay alive in bitter cold and primitive conditions at winter camp in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. Soldiers suffered from exposure and frostbite.
- British controlled New York and parts of New England.
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Fight for Philadelphia
1.General Howe began his campaign to seize the American capital at Philadelphia.
2.The Continental Congress fled the city
while Washington’s troops unsuccessfully tried to block the redcoats at nearby Brandywine Creek. -
Battle at Saratoga
1.Burgoyne’s plan was to lead an army down a route of lakes from Canada to Albany, where he would meet Howe’s troops as they arrived from New York City. According to Burgoyne’s plan, the two
generals would then join forces to isolate New England from the rest of the colonies.
2.The Continental Congress had appointed General Horatio Gates to command the Northern Department of the Continental Army. -
British losses in 1791
- Washington ordered Nathaniel Greene, his ablest general, to march south and harass Cornwallis as he retreated. Greene divided his force into two groups, sending 600 soldiers under the command of General Daniel Morgan to South Carolina.
- Morgan and his men led the British on a grueling chase through rough countryside.
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British Surrender at Yorktown
- A French army of 6,000 had landed in Newport, Rhode Island, after the British left the city to focus on the South.n
- The French had stationed one fleet there and were operating another in the West Indies.
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British take South
1.The British changed their military strategy in the summer of 1778 they began to shift their operations to the South.
2. At the end of 1778, a British expedition easily took Savannah, Georgia, and by the spring of 1779, a royal governor once again commanded Georgia.