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1492
Columbian Exchange created
After columbus discovered Americas, he put the columbian exchange into affect. This was the flow of goods between the americas, Europe, and africa that followed Columbus widely Advertised "discovery of the New World. -
1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
Signed by Spara and Portugal, this divided the territories of the new world. Spain received territories in the Americas, while portugal was given titles to lands in Africa & Asia. -
1512
Encomienda System Established
This allowed Conquistadores and other leaders receive grants of a number of indians they could exact "tribute" in the form of gold or labor. The encomenderos often used used the system to enslave the indians and take their land. -
1519
Hernan Cortes Invades Mexico
Cortes led 700 men to Mexico to take the Aztec Empire. Soon a combination of diseases and death led to the end of the Aztec. -
1525
The Rise of the Atlantic Slave Trade
The first recorded of a slave trade voyage from Africa to the Americas. This ship landed in Santo domingo on the island Espano in 1525 -
1555
Tobacco Arrival in Europe
With tobacco, English settlers finally found a new world commodity that worked well in the mercantile system. Spanish had success with gold and silver finds while the french with fur. -
1565
Augustine is Established
The name of the first permanent spanish settlement in North america. It was established in 1565 in modern day florida. -
Jamestown Established
This was the first permanent English settlement. It was located in Virginia and led by John smith. -
House of burgesses
The house of Burgesses was the first legislative assembly of expected representatives in North America. This showed order in the colony and trained the future founding father George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. -
Mayflower Compact
Pilgrims seeking religious freedom arrived in New England Area aboard the Mayflower. This shows how the colonist did not approve of Britain controlling perspectives on religion. -
Bacon's Rebellion
Armed Rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon against the governor of virginia William Berkeley. This ultimately led to Berkeley being called to England and the heavy need for African slave labor. -
John Peter Zenger Trial
John printed a publication where he pointed out the corruption where the royal governor William Cosby. This led to the basis of freedom of the press. -
Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was an evangelical and revitalization movement that went throughout the colonies. This gave a national identity to colonies America. -
7 Years' War
The 7 years' war pitted Britain against France and Spain. This led to the end of salutary neglect. -
French and Indian War
The French and Indian war, 1754-1763 was a conflict in the long imperial struggle between Britain and France. France’s expansion into the Ohio river valley started this. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The British won vast territory in North America after the 7 years war. This led to colonial dissatisfaction with imperial rule. -
Pontiac’s Rebellion
War causes by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes who were dissatisfied with British Post-war policies. -
Sugar and Stamp act
Both acts designed to increase British tax revenues. American colonies dealt with these acts in terms of economic disadvantage and in terms of right. -
Townshend Act
This was a series of acts passed by the parliament of Great Britain relating to the colonies in North America. The act imposed duties on glass, lead, paints, paper, & tea imported into the colonies. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston tea party was a rebellion against the tea act on colonists. Many colonists were disguised as Indians to overthrow the incoming tea from Great Britain. -
Boston Massacre
British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists who were teasing them. Five colonists were killed. This event was used as a propaganda to call for war against England in the colonies. -
Thomas Jefferson elected
Thomas Jefferson was elected after he tied with Aaron Burr. Jefferson campaigned for 6 days to get congress on his side. -
Marbury V. Madison
Court case in which William Marbury sued James Madison for not delivering John Adams commission about Marbury becoming a judge. This led to the principle of judicial review established. -
Louisiana purchase
The Louisiana purchase opened up land for expansion and doubled the size of US. Jefferson changed his interpretation from strict to loose on this issue. -
War of 1812
A war between the US and Great Britain cause by American outrage over the impressment of sailors by the British, British seized of American ships, British aid to the Indians attacking Americans. The war strengthened American nationalism and encouraged the growth of industry. -
Missouri Compromise
Compromise was passed between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States congress. It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana territory north of parallel 36’30’ line except within boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. -
Monroe Doctrine
Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the US Western Hemisphere. It also declared that a new world colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. -
Erie Canal opens
The Erie Canal is a canal in New York that originally ran about 363 miles. Built to create navigable water route from New York City and the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes. -
Annexation is Texas
Texas joins the us officially. This caused both a slavery dispute as well as Mexican-American dispute. -
Mexican- American war
War caught with Mexico after the annexation of Texas. Ultimately US gained the Mexican cession from the treaty of Guadalupe. -
Compromise of 1850
Four part compromise that instated the fugitive slave act, banned slave trade in DC, admitted California as a free state, and instated popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico. The compromise was designed with slavery issues. -
Kansas- Nebraska Act
Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and let the people in this territories to decide weather to be a free state or slave state through popular sovereignty. This led to the conflict known as “Bleeding Kansas.” -
Dred Scott V. Stanford
The US Supreme Court rules that slavery is protected by the constitution and a ban would be unconstitutional. Also declared African Americans were not citizens and that they were property. -
Lincoln elected
Abraham Lincoln is elected 16th president of the United States over a deeply divided Democratic Party. Lincoln was the first republican to win presidency. -
South Carolina secedes
South Carolina is the first state to secede from the union. This led to many other states to secede and ultimately, the civil war. -
End is Civil War Beginning is Reconstruction Era
The union wins civil warded to industrialization, a larger population, and better leadership. Reconstruction era begins to reunite north and south and gives African Americans more rights. -
Black Codes
Southern state legislatures passed Black Codes to restrict the rights of newly freed African-Americans. Black Codes forbade blacks from from buying land and forbade them from testifying against whites in court. -
13th Amendment
All slavery throughout the US was banned with the passage of the 13th amendment. 4 million slaves were freed, but economic, political, and social oppression continued. -
Freedmen’s Bureau
Freedmen’s Bureau was created by Congress to provide food, shelter, and medical aid to freed slaves and people left poor after the war. The bureau opened schools for freed blacks and taught them how to read. -
KKK founders
White supremacists formed the Ku Klux Klan to violate the rights of and incite violence against freed blacks. The KKK burned down freedmen's houses/churches and killed many blacks. -
14th Amendment
14th Amendment required the states to uphold the rights of all citizens, including blacks, women, and other minorities. -
15th Amendment
15th Amendment forbade any state from denying a citizen's right to vote based on race. Many black voters were still kept from voting due to poll taxes, literacy tests, and intimidation. -
progressive era
The Progressive Era was a period of social activism and political reform in the United States. The main objective was eliminating corruption in government. -
The Great Migration
23 million immigrants arrived on American shores. Almost 46 million people around the world left their homelands. -
The Panama Canal
The Spanish-American war brought home to Americans the need for a shorter route between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. A canal built across central America would link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, making global shipping much faster. -
Election of 1912
American presidential election held on November 5, 1912. Democrat defeated Bull Moose candidate and former Republican president Theodore Roosevelt Republican incumbent president William Howard Draft. -
17th amendment
Sought to make the Constitution, and our nation, more democratic. It gave Americans the right to vote directly for their Senators, thereby strengthening the link between citizens and the federal government. -
18th amendment
The Eighteenth Amendment prohibited “the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors.” A result of the Temperance Movement, the concept of Prohibition had already been implemented by many states prior to the ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment. -
19th amendment
Extended the right to vote to women and federal and state elections. It was ratified after a long struggle known as the women's suffrage movement. -
Warsaw Pact
Treaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain. Led to a military alliance between the former Soviet Union. -
Montgomery bus boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a civil-rights protest where African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating. The U.S. Supreme Court ultimately ordered Montgomery to integrate its bus system -
Bay of pigs
A group of Cuban exiles organized by the U.S. CIA landed in southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow. The invasion turned into a disaster and the blame was on president Kennedy. -
Cuban missile crisis
the closest approach to to nuclear war at anytime between the US and the USSR. President Kennedy demanded the removal of missiles in Cuba and announced a naval blockade of the island. -
Freedom riders
Freedom Riders were groups of white and African American civil rights activists who participated in Freedom Rides. These freedom rides went through the American South to protest segregated bus terminals. -
March on Washington
March to show support for the civil rights bill in Congress. Martin Luther king gave his famous “I have a dream speech” -
civil rights act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin.
In subsequent years, Congress expanded the act and also passed additional legislation -
Reaganomics
Reagan's economic policy; tax cuts, arms build up, budget cuts. Believed capitalism would become productive when uninhibited by taxes and regulation. -
Iran-contra affair
US political scandal in which the National Security Council (NSC) became involved in secret weapons transactions and other activities that either were prohibited by the U.S. Congress or violated the stated public policy of the government. -
Tianenmen square
The location of a huge demonstration for democratic rights that occurred in 1989. Brutally put down by Chinese government. -
Persian gulf war
1990 Iraq attacked Kuwait. US stopped Kuwait from being taken over. -
Operation desert storm
The code name for the US-led UN operation to liberate Kuwait from Iraq during the Persian -
9/11
The date of major terrorist attacks on the United States. Bombed. Was a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda on the United States. -
Hurrican Katrina
Brutal natural disaster in gulf coast in 2005. Slow response and aid to devastated New Orleans
