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convicts, free settlers and military– Australia day but for Aboriginals it was known as invasion day
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British/ Irish, Germans, Americans, Chinese (discrimination)
Riots of diggers, because of gold rush
Palmer trails
Diggers fought Aboriginals -
Snow Sports introduced in Victoria- tobogganing, skying- big attraction
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Federation- White Australia Policy, had a dictation test
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First intake of Jewish Refugees- holocaust, certificate exception about 5000 were accepted
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Immigration Program- Polish, Europeans and Russians
Displaced Europeans
Assisted Immigration -
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1945-1949: Arthur Calwell- “Populate or Perish”- Australia would not survive without migrants
“Two Wong’s don’t make a White”- Migrants had to be from Europe -
1950-mid 1960's
Throughout the 1950's a migration wave from Europe- mainly italy, Greece and Yugoslavia changed the shape of Australia
The sentiments took a little longer -
1950’s: Big Natural Increases- Baby Boomer generation being born, Britain Immigrants still coming.
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1960’s: REFFOS- over 50 million homeless and refugees were in Europe. Calwell wanted them to come to Australia
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Vietnam and Korea
New Europeans,
Italians, Greeks, Maltese, Yugoslavia and Poland -
1990’s: East Timor, Indonesia, Africa, Afghanistan, Iraq-Egypt and Iran-Syria
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2001: Asylum seekers/border protection- pacific solution, Detention Centres and skilled immigration
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1928-1929
Great Depression- No migrants accepted