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Gold mining
In 1833, a surveyor named James McBrien made one of Australia’s
first recorded gold discoveries, near Bathurst in New South Wales. It was not made public because people would rush to the gold. -
Gold Mining
In 1839, explorer Paul de Strzelecki found gold near Wellington in New South Wales. It was not made public because people would rush to the gold. -
Eureka Stockade
In the 1850s miners had to pay 18 pounds for a licence. They protested, but the government just sent more police to enforce this law. In frustration, the miners created a stockade at Eureka, a goldfield in Ballarat. This rebellion was a fight for fairness and shaped Australia's identity. -
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Damage the environment
In 1850's, when the miners came, the natural environment was severely damaged and landscapes were never the same. Many trees were cut down to make shelters and creeks were turned into muddy waterways. The European settlers simply saw the land as theirs to use. Many areas never recovered from the intense mining, which lead to poor soil, polluted air and damage to various native plants. -
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Eureka Stockade
In the early 1850s, miners had to buy expensive licences to dig for gold in the mines, 30 shillings a month whether they found something or not. The miners protested, but the government simply sent more police to enforce the law. In frustration, the miners built a stockade at Eureka, a goldfield at Ballarat, and burned their licences. This fight lasted 20 minutes and 30 men died and 128 taken prisoners. After the stockade, the miners were given the right to vote and payed 1 pound a year to mine -
Bound for Australia
Almost 100,000 people migrated to VIC Australia. -
Gold mining
Before 1851 gold mining was illegal and some people still sold small amounts of gold. British realised there is advantages to a gold rush. It was illegal because they thought that australia would not grow in terms of business. -
Gold Mining
In 1851 Lieutenant-governor Charles La Trobe opened up Victoria to gold miners. He opened up Victoria goldfields because they would hope to get more money. The government offered a reward of 10,000 pounds for the colony’s first large gold discovery. La Trobe feared that too many Victorians were leaving the colony for the New South Wales gold rush. -
New Diseases
Aboriginals were effected greatly due to exposure to new diseases, such as measles and small pox -
Gold Transforms the colonies
In 1851 gold was found in NSW, the men gave up their jobs and came to dig for gold. Their was not many women and children go. Different colonies gained their own identities andtake advantage of the new opportunities brought by more wealth and an increased population. -
The first gold find
Edward Hargraves was the first person to find gold in Australia. He was first mining in California and then went Edward Hargraves was mining in california but went to Australia to find gold. The 12th of February 1851 is when he found gold in Lewis pond creek near Orange. He left to claim his reward. He went to the Sydney morning herald that he found gold and in less than a month there were already 1000 miners at that place. -
The Victorian Gold Rush
It began in 1851.
William Campbell found gold on a station a year before.
Station Owner Donald Cameron kept it a secret before his station was over run.
Gold fields were
Ballarat
Buninyong
Bendigo
Warrandyte -
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Bound for Australia
Australia's non-Indigenous population tripled, reaching more than 1 million people -
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The impact of gold on Australia's growth
The gold rush had a huge impact on Australia’s growth. During 1851 to 1861, Australia’s population tripled because of the gold rush. Because of the sudden growth, many towns and major cities was made. On the 1st of January, Australia became federation. The gold rush was a major step to Australia becoming a federation. Also, because of the gold rush, Australia’s wealth increased because of all the gold that were found. -
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Thriving Colonies
In 1851 to 1861 the population grew from just 29000 to a whopping 123000. But with no sewers in Melbourne, it was nicknamed 'Marvellous Smellbourne'. A play off its old nickname Marvellous Melbourne. They didn't build sewers until 1890. -
Thriving Colonies
In 1852 over 75000 people came to Melbourne for the Gold Rush. If people 'struck lucky', then they would buy land and build houses. They would also help the community buy building churches, hospitals and schools. -
The Economic Crisis
Empty ships in harbours as sailors abandoned them for the gold rush
80% of the police force resigned
Wages tripled as people wanted employees to stay at work
Food prices doubled
No one got crops so farmers faced ruins
The end of the crisis is when the government guarded the farmers gold claims. This meant that people would go out in the day to search for gold and come back to grow and harvest crops. -
Law and order
Initially, there were very few police on the diggings. Miners made their own rules, theft was common. Governments introduced a licence system on the goldfields to help maintain order. Mining licences meant that diggers could not mine other people’s claims.There were high fines for digging without one. Miners had to pay the same amount for a mining licence whether they found gold or not, which they felt was unfair. The government started appointing gold commissioners to keep out chaos. -
Bound for Australia
The British government stopped sending convicts to Victoria, Australia. -
Chinese Miners
Tens of thousands of Chinese men travelled to the goldfields. there was a lot of racism, which sometimes broke into violent riots. So the government decided to introduce laws to reduce the number of Chinese migrants. -
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New Social Order
Before the Victorian gold rush, the upper class were made up of educated and wealthy people. When gold was found, the upper class became angry because of the growing amount of rich people and lower class were becoming wealthy. -
Chinese miners
The Victorian government passed the immigration restriction act. There were limits placed of the number of Chinese migrants to Australia, and the Chinese arrival tax was 10 pounds. To avoid the tax, Chinese migrants began to dock at an South Australian port called Robe. From there, they had to travel 450 kilometres by foot to the goldfields. The journey took around 25 days. -
Chinese miners
Chinese people were not allowed to dock in robe anymore because of an anti-Chinese law. -
Seperated
Queensland and NSW separated in 1859 but Queensland had not yet established itself. -
Chinese miners
On the 14th of July 1861 when up to 3000 European diggers attacked the Chinese at lambing flat in central New South Wales. The Europeans believed the Chinese way of mining used too much water. Several hundred Chinese were seriously injured and many lots lost most or all of their possessions. -
Gold!
Queensland was struggling from bankrupt-ency until gold was discovered in 1867 -
James Nash struck Gold
in 1867 James Nash discovered Gold near Gympie in Queensland, it caused a huge gold rush and james got 7000 pounds worth of gold. -
25000 people
Within a year there were 25000 people in Queensland Goldfields. -
fortunes
over the next ten years the fortunes of Queensland changed dramatically. -
Downsides to the good sides
Through the gold rush, aboriginals gained jobs such as bush guides and policemen. Although, not all was this great for the aboriginal people. Men would be beaten and sometimes killed and women would be kidnapped. -
Gold but no Rush
in 1885 some gold was found in western Australia but not enough to cause a gold rush. -
Bigger Gold discoveries
by 1892-1893 much bigger Gold discoveries were in western Australia. -
Difficulty when done
Aboriginals found it hard to go back to normal life after the gold rush. Tree's had been cut down and land had been "claimed" by settlers and people staying after they stroke rich (or didn't) in the goldfields. Ground had also been dug up in the hurry to find gold. It made it hard for aboriginals to get camps set up and find food. -
Gold found
By the 1900's gold was found in all 6 colonies. -
Federation
In 1901, the six separate Australian colonies joined together in Federation. Australia was the world’s biggest gold producer. The chinese diggers were getting discriminated. The goldfield was getting over filled and polluted. The diggers did not understand the Aboriginal people’sconnection with the land.
In 1854, there was many bonds between the diggers which lead to the Eureka Stockade. -
Mining continued Gympie
Mining Continued in Gympie until 1925 -
Queensland went bankrupt
Queensland went bankrupt.