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John Dewey published Art as Experience
(exact date unknown, hence why 1/1 chosen. However book was published in the year 1934. John Dewey is considered the leading man of self-expression in education. In this book, he is discussing the shift of creating expressively in a project to expressing yourself through process and product. His philosophical readings still are an important read today for most art educators. -
Viktor Lowefeld's book 'Creative and Mental Growth' was published
(ignore exact date, just use year 1949)
Viktor Lowefeld, another advocate for self-awareness in art edcuation published his first edition of Creative and Mental Growth. The last editiion to be published was in 1987. The book is famous for its information about students experience while creating with various materials at their different stages of development. Lowenfeld believed that all children should have the freedom to express themselves through age appropriate material. -
Self-Expression is a little lost
Throughout the 80's and 90's there was a push for discipline based art education, creating a period where self-expression was lost in the eyes of art educators. However, it was short lived. Self-expresison would come back in the 2000's! -
Nicole Gnezda publishes her thoughts on authentic learning
As times change, so do the explanations of "self-expression". This student-led approach puts students in charge of their learning but is a bit more guided than a free choice classroom. Her paper inspired my writing and Gnezda was one of the leading influences in my undergrad research. -
Barbara Andrews publishes the article Student ownership: Learning in a student-centered art room
Barbara Andrews is a huge advocate for the student-centered classroom. She encourages educators to allow students to create their own path of learning. She introduces students to materials, methods, and history but encourages students to utilize these items as inspiration to create something of their own. -
The Learner-Directed Classroom: Developing Creative Thinking Skills Through Art
Diane Jaquith and Nan Hathaway published their book regarding self-directed education and critical thinking skills. They believe that this encourages growth and responsibility in creating art.
