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Period: 1491 to
Period 1/2
Native America, European Exploration, Colonization -
1492
Christopher Columbus
During his first expedition he found natives and thought they were Indians. -
Jamestown
Jamestown was the first successful English colony in the future US, settled in Virginia -
Plymouth
Plymouth was the first settlement created in Massachusetts by Separatists who south to create a religiously pure society. -
Period: to
Early Slavery (period 1/2)
Not a huge practice yet, but becoming more popular thorough the middle passage. -
Trade and Navigation Acts
Any goods going to or from the colonies had to be on English ships and crews. -
Start of King Phillips War
The colonists desire for land and natives not wanting to give it up led to war -
Bacon's Rebellion
Bacon and his men storm to Jamestown and burn parts of it. Brings government attention to the south -
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
First written constitution in the colonies. -
Period: to
Great Awakening (Period 1/2)
New fear driven way of religion and intense ministers. led to questioning of authority. -
French And Indian War Begins
The French and Indian War began in the colonies when French settlers encroached on land claimed by the British. -
End of Salutary Neglect
Britain becomes more involved with the colonies because they need them for money. -
Period: to
Period 3
American Revolution, the Confederal Era, and the Early Federal Period -
Boston Massacre
Working class colonists surrounded British soldiers, soldiers end up killing 5 colonists. -
Tea Act
A tax on tea that was collected by the British and protested heavily by the colonists, most notably in the Boston Tea Party. -
Bunker HIll
Colonist defeat in battle, but moral victory, caused other places to start to rebel -
Period: to
American Revolution (Period 3)
Colonists are fed up with British intervention and fight their way to freedom -
Battle of Saratoga
Turning point of war, French decided to send aid, money and supplies -
Articles of Confederation
Set up government, but with many problems, also had it;s positives too. -
Treaty of Paris
Britain recognized U.S. independence, War is over. -
Annapolis Convention
Sets up constitutional convention for next year. -
Constitutional Convention
Founding fathers set up balance of power in government. -
Period: to
Second Great Awakening (Period 4 part 1)
Major religious and philosophical movements such as Deism, Unitarianism, and all the Utopian societies and reformers emerge. -
Bank of United States
Provide loans to businesses and help economy. -
Bill of Rights
promised in order to get anti-federalists on board with the constitution, first 10 amendments. -
Proclamation of neutrality
Issued by George Washington, said the US was neutral in the French Revolution and we could trade with whoever -
XYZ Affair
French diplomats demanded a bribe from 3 US ambassadors, war hysteria ensued. -
Alien and Sedation Acts
Set up some of the becoming a citizen process and deportation and jail policy regarding criticizing government officials. Restriction of 1st amendment, not constitutional. -
Period: to
Period 4 part 1
westward migration, the market revolution, and the era of good feelings -
Period: to
Westward Migration (Period 4 part 2)
Population shifts towards the west, by 1840 1/3 of Americans live out west. -
Marbury vs. Madison
Supreme court rules that only the legislative branch has the power to create jobs -
Louisiana Purchase
Increased the territory of the US drastically and set up for exploration and migration. -
Lewis and Clark
3 year military expedition set out to explore and find new land possible for migration. -
Aaron Burr's plot
lead a force against New Orleans, take over Louisiana and Mexico, failed plan. -
Embargo of 1807
Cuts of American trade, this hurts the US and looses Jefferson's credibility in trade embargo. -
War of 1812
Britain's violation of neutrality led to war between the US and Britain and it's allies. -
Missouri Compromise
Missouri statehood, gradual step away from slavery with the Talmadge amendment. Missouri slave, Maine free. -
Period: to
Industrialization (Period 4 part 1)
change in hand made goods to machine made. -
Period: to
Reform Movements (Period 4 part 2)
The Second Great Awakening, the idea of prefectablilty of man, common man prominence, and urbanization led to common reforms such as temperance, women's rights, and public education. -
Monroe Doctrine
Declares any attempts of European colonization on the western hemisphere will be viewed as a threat to the US and declares that the US will stay out of Europe's affairs. -
Period: to
Period 4 Part 2
Jacksonian Democracy, Reform movements, Manifest Destiny -
Tariff of Abominations
Protective tariff by Hamilton, 45% more expensive for southerns. -
Indian Removal
Indians get moved to Oklahoma on the trail of tears. -
Birth of the Whigs
creates Americas second party system: Democrats vs. Whigs. -
South Carolina Nullification
South Carolina nullifies tariff because they thought it was permanent, Jackson prepares 20,000 solider army in response. -
Bank War
very controversial for state banks because of federal government powers. Very controversial time during the recharter of the second bank of the US. -
Panic of 1837
recession caused by the Bank War, Van Buren get's blamed for it. -
Period: to
Period 5
Slavery and abolition, The Civil War, Reconstrcution -
Start of Mexican War
In attempt to Polk trying to annex California and New Mexico, controversial because of Taylor moving his troops to the Rio Grande. -
Treaty of Guatalupe Hidalgo
Mexican cession, annexation of California and New Mexico. Territorial expansion made the US the hegemon in the western hemisphere. -
Compromise of 1850
California becomes free, no more slave trade in D.C. popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico, but also a stronger fugitive slave law. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Anti slavery novel by Harriet Beacher which showed the evils of slavery -
Formation of the Republican Party
3rd party system emerges -
Kansas/Nebraska Bill
Divided Kansas and Nebraska into two: Nebraska free, Kansas slave. Also sets up for northern route of transcontinental railroad. -
Dread Scott vs. Sanford
Declared that people can take their slaves anywhere they want and have them still be their slaves just like their property. -
Panic of 1857
Recession in economy because of over production, over expansion of RR hits north, doesn't affect south as much. -
John Brown's Raid
John Brown and his men plan to raid federal arsenal and take weapons and free all slaves and take them to Canada, he gets executed for treason. -
Confederate States of America formed
South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas all founded the CSA based on states rights and confederacy. -
Beginning of the Civil War
Lincoln has food sent to Fort Sumter, confederates see it as an attack so they attack and win. -
Emancipation Proclamation
Officially makes war about slavery, said that slaves were free if they were in the rebel states. -
13th Amendment
Slavery is abolished -
Lincoln Assanination
Lincoln was killed by John Wilkes Booth in D.C. because he thought that Lincoln was going to punish the South. Andrew Johnson becomes president. -
Appomattox Court House
Lee vs. Grant, Lee surrenders, war is over! -
Period: to
Period 6
The Gilded Age, growth of industry, and the labor movement -
Credit Mobiler Scandal
US gov pays pays union pacific to build RR. Union Pacific pays credit mobilier and they bought a lot of stocks at discount price and sold them at normal price. 43 Million dollar profit. -
Transcontinental Railroad
Gadsden purchase set more flat land for railroad, northern route was used and revolutionized travel. Finished in 1869 -
Whiskey Ring
A group of people in the treasury would take bribes instead of making people pay the whiskey tax. -
Compromise of 1877
- Reconstruction is over 2. Hayes is President 3.South gets federal money to rebuild 4. Democrat party is guaranteed 1 cabinet seat 5. south doesn't have to enforce 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments
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Great Railroad Strike of 1877
A very violent strike of the corruption of the railroad. -
Interstate Commerce Act
Regulates RR and makes them charge fair rates. ICC determine "fair", however it is filled with former RR employees -
Chinese Exclusion Act
No longer allowing Chinese in the US because they we're "stealing" jobs with the railroad. -
Establishment of Bureau of Labor
Eventually helpful to the worker and workers rights. -
Period: to
Increased Immigration (Period 6)
Many immigrants want to leave their country because of poverty, religious persecution, and lack of opportunity. They want to come to America because of job opportunities, industry, religious freedom, and advertising. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
Originally intended to break up monopolies, but was used to break up labor unions. -
Period: to
Muckrackers (Period 7 part 1)
Writers who expose the truth about society came to prominence during the progressive era.Lincoln Stiffens, Jacob Riis, Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell. "shame of cities" "how the other half lives" "the Jungle" "the History of the Standard Oil Company" -
Homestead Strike
Henry Frick cuts wages for some workers of the Carnagey steel factory, there is a big violent strike. Workers get no more 8-12 hour work days 7 days a week out of it. -
Rockefeller's Rise
Rockefeller ended up owning 98% of oil refineries with the standard oil company and gaining a worth of 900 million -
Pullman Strike
Wages were cut, but not expenses, labor union strikes and President has to call out military to end strike. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Ruled that separate, but "equal" was constitutional. -
Treaty of Paris
Ends Spanish American War US gains Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam. Cuba gains independence. -
Period: to
Period 7 Part 1
New Imperialism, The Progressive Era, World War 1 -
Open Door Policy
Everyone could now trade with China, controversial because China was not asked. -
Hay- Bunau Varilla Treaty
Allowed for the construction of the Panama Canal and went into detail. -
Standard Oil Company Trust Bust
29 Million dollar fine because of 1500 violations at law (reduced by lawyer) under Roosevelt administation. -
Period: to
Dam Hetch Hetchy Debate (Period 7 part 1)
A 5 year debate over the use of the Dam Hetch Hetchy to put out fires in Yosemite. Preservationist vs. Conservationist, John Muir vs. Teddy Roosevelt. -
Period: to
Henry Ford (Period 7 part 2)
Henry ford perfected the assembly line which made the price of cars go down. He made cars popular. -
16th Amendment
Made income tax constitutional. -
17th Amendment
Direct election of senators constitutional -
Federal Reserve Act
created the federal reserve which controls money circulation and interest rates. -
Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
Started WW1, killed by the black hand, allied warfare. -
National Parks Service
National parks service officially created under Wilson administration. -
National Defense Act
Allowed for the US army to double it's size. -
Espionage and Sedation Acts
Made it illegal to write or say anything bad about the war -
Creel Committee/ Committee on public information
Pieces of liberties and short films made to create social pressure to comply with supporting the war effort. -
Period: to
The Red Scare (Period 7 part 2)
Attorney General Mitchell Palmer sent his men to raid people's houses in search of evidence of communist sympathizers, 6,000 arrested 250 deported -
Wilson's 14 Points
Wilson's speech that eventually set up the league of nations, and talks of freedom for countries, demilitarization, and freedom of the seas. -
Outbreak of "Spanish Flu"
Broke out in Europe, soldiers brought it home 1/3 world population infected killed 20-50 million -
Period: to
Period 7 Part 2
1920s Culture, The Great Depression, World War 2 -
19th Amendment
National women's suffrage for white women only -
Teapot Dome/ Elk Hills Scandal
There was oil reserves out west owned by the federal government to be used for the navy, Albert fall took bribes from private companies and profited $100,000 and was exposed. -
Kellog Briand Pact
Outlawed war, many countries signed it, however it could not be enforced, but showed they we're willing to work together. -
Black Tuesday
Big stock market crash, everyone sells their stocks and drives them down. -
Period: to
Hoover's Failure (period 7 Part 2)
Hoover failed to grasp the problem of the Great Depression because he believed it was smaller than it was. "hoovervilles", bonus army incident. -
Period: to
Elanor Roosevelt (Period 7 part 2)
Sets the purpose for first lady, first first lady who impacts politics. -
Period: to
FDR's New Deal (Period 7 part 2)
FDR's plan to deal with the depression brought balance back to the labor/industrial field, brought an infringement on free enterprise, , and showed the principle of government action. -
Social Security Act
Set up social security money for retirement, so elderly can leave workforce, also for disabled families. -
Neutrality Acts of 1936 and 1937
- Embargo on sale of war materials to belligerent nations
- Other materials are cash and carry basis
- Travel of American citizens on belligerent ships is forbidden
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Pearl Harbor
Majority of US pacific fleet was sunk or damaged forces the US to join the war. -
Korematsu vs. US
Ruled the the placement of Japanese-Americans in interment camps during wartime was constitutional. -
Victory in Europe
USSR invades Berlin, Hitler commits suicide -
Dropping of Atomic Bomb
Ended the war quickly even though it killed thousands of Japanese.
