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Period: 1491 to
APUSH Review: Paxton Pruess
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1492
Christopher Columbus discovered America
In 1492, Christopher Columbus set sail for a new route to India from Spain. On October 12, 1492, Colombus set foot on America and claimed the land for Spain. -
1565
First European colony in St. Augustine, Florida
In 1513, Juan Ponce de Leon made landfall in modern-day Florida. 52 years later, St. Augustine, Florida was announced the first European colony in North America by Spain. -
The first English settlement was established
Sir Walter Raliegh of the United Kingdom established Roanoke Colony where 115 English colonists settled. This colony was the first English settled colony in the newly founded North America. -
Virginia is the first established colony of the 13 Colonies
Jamestown, Virginia was the first permanently settled English colony in North America. Virginia was the first of the thirteen colonies. -
King Philips war was declared
The Great Narragansett War set Native Americans against English settlers. This war was considered the bloodiest conflict in United States History. -
Bacons rebellion
Bacons Rebellion was led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley. The goal of the rebellion was to have a change in Virginia's Indian-Frontier policy. -
The wool act is passed
In 1699, The parliament of England passes the wool act for the colonies. This act prevented the export of wool out of the colony and limited the importation of wool to the colonies. -
Post Office Act
The Post Office Act passes in the English parliament which begins a postal system in the colonies. -
Salutary Neglect
In 1763, Britain started using coherent policies of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws on the colonies. Britain started using more strict laws and gaining money from the colonies from taxation to pay off their war debt. -
Pontiac's Rebellion and Proclamation of 1763
Chief Pontiac of the Ottawa tribe from the Great Lakes attacked the colonists. As a result, the British issued the Proclomation of 1763 which prohibited colonists from settling ettle west of the Appalachian Mountains, as a way to avoid further conflict. -
Signing of the Treaty of Paris
The French and Indian war ended with the signing of The treaty of Paris. This treaty was an agreement of Great Britain's victory over France and Spain. -
Sugar act and American revenue act
The British parliment passed the sugar act to raise funds for the British treasury by decreasing the tax on Britsh sugar. -
Stamp Act
The British Parliment passed the Stamp act which taxed many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper made in London. -
Quartering Acts
The Quarting act stated that British soliders could stay in any colonists house and the colonists would have to provide the soldiers with necessary items. -
Townshend Act
The Townshend act placed new taxes and took away some freedoms from the colonists. The British added taxes on lead, paper, paint, glass, and tea. -
Boston Massacre
British soldiers in America shot and killed several colonists after riot caused by the soldiers enforcing British tax laws, such as the Stamp act and the Townshend Acts. -
Boston Tea Party
The Sons of Liberty protested British Parliament laws by throwing imported tea off a boat to protest “taxation without representation”. -
Intolerable/Coercive Acts
The British Parliament passed the intolerable Acts to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance in the Tea Party protest. -
First Continental Congress
Delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies met to to organize colonial resistance to Parliament's Coercive/intolerable Acts. -
Battles of Lexington and Concord
The battles were the first colonial military engagements of the American Revolutionary War against the British. -
The Second Continental Congress
Delegates from the thirteen colonies met to unite and organize an army for the American Revolution. -
Thomas Paine's Common Sense
Thomas Paine made a pamphlet which went to all the colonies and asked all the colonists to support patriotism and independence. -
Declaration of Independence
Adopted by the Second Continental Congress, the delegates signed the declaration of Independence. The Declaration stated that the thirteen colonies will gain independence from Great Britain. -
Articles of Confederation
The Articles were agreed to served as a first constitution to America by the delegates. The Articles of Confederation were a plan of new government. -
France and American Alliance
The Franco-American Alliance was stated that France would give America supplies and economic support during the American Revolutionary War. -
Victory at Yorktown
During the American Revolution, Lord Cornwallis surrenders 8,000 British soldiers in Yorktown, Virginia. This surrender brought an end to the war and gave a huge victory to America. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris, signed by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America
officially ended the American Revolutionary War. -
Shays Rebellion
Shays Rebellion was an uprising in Western Massachusetts in opposition to a debt crisis among the citizenry. This rebellion was also against the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes on individuals and their trades. -
Judiciary Act
The Judiciary act established the Judicial Courts of the United States and was signed by president George Washington. -
Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights holds the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest in America, mainly against the liquor taxes. -
XYZ Affair
The XYZ Affair was a diplomatic incident between French and United States which ultimately led to the undeclared Quasi-War. -
The Second Great Awakening
The Second Great awakening was a Protestant revival movement in america which had spread religion and started reform movements. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was territory bought by America from France. -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
The Lewis and Clark expedition was the first expedition to cross the western portion of the United States. -
Chesapeake Affair
The Chesapeake Affair was a naval battle between the United States and Britain where Britain took the victory. -
Embargo Act
The Embargo Act prohibited American ships from trading in foreign ports and intended to harm the United Kingdom and France during the Napoleonic Wars. -
War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and allies. This war was a part of the Napoleonic wars. -
Treaty of Ghent
The Treaty of Ghent was a peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom. -
Battle of New Orleans
The Battle of New Orleans was between the United States and Britain when there was a British effort to gain control of a critical American port. -
The Panic of 1819
The Panic of 1819 was the first United States financial crisis that also led to the collapse of the American economy. -
Monroe Doctrine
The Doctrine was made by James Monroe and was a policy that opposed European colonialism in the Americas. -
White Male Suffrage
During this time of suffrage, white males of any class, income, property owning or not were given the right to vote in political matters. -
Tariff of Abominations
The Tariff of Abominations was also a protective tariff which taxed British goods and made Northern United States goods cheaper. -
Indian Removal Act
In 1830, Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act which made Native Americans move to federal territory west of the Mississippi River. -
Formation of the Whig Party
Henry Clay and other leaders formed the Whig Party and their main goal was to oppose Andrew Jackson. -
The Force Bill
The Force Bill gave the president the power to use the United States military to force the collection of federal imports. -
The Compromise Tariff
The 1833 Compromise Tariff stated that import taxes would be reduced each decade. -
Panic of 1837
The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States where there were reduced wages and increased unemployment. This panic caused the United States government to recognize the need for a national bank to regulate currency and the issue of government bonds. -
Trail of Tears
The Trail of Tears was a forced move of Nativ Americans to government-issued territory west of the Mississippi River, as a part of Andrew Jacksons Indian Removal policy. -
Formation of the Liberty Party
The Liberty Party was a minor political party that advocated for abolition and supported an anti-slavery constitution. -
Texas Annexation
In 1845, the Republic of Texas declared its independence from Mexico and was admitted to the Union in the United States. -
Mexican American War
The Mexican American war was caused by American westward expansion which led to an armed conflict between the countries. The United States won the war and gained modern-day Arizona, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, southwestern Colorado, and southwestern Wyoming, in exchange, Mexico was given 15 million dollars for Texas. -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 were bills passed by the United States that stated which newly acquired states from the Mexican war were slave states or free states. -
Formation of the Republican Party
The Republican party was formed in the Northern States in America and opposed extension slavery, ex-soilers, and ex-free Soilers. -
Nebraska Kansas Act
The Nebraska Kansas Act was a territorial organic act that created the territories of the states and balanced the number of slave owners in each state. -
Comstock Lode discovery
The Comstock Lode discovery was the first finding of silver in the United States and led to the mass migration of miners and opportunists to Nevada. -
South Carolina Succeed
South Carolina became the first southern slave state to declare its separation from the United States. South Carolina succeed due to the refusal of free states to enforce the Fugitive Slave Acts. -
Fort Sumter Attack
The Attack on Fort Sumter was the first battle of the American Civil War, the result was a confederate victory. -
First Battle of Bull Run
The battle of Bull Run was the first major battle during the American Civil war and resulted in a confederate victory, which caused the Union to realize the war would be harder than thought. -
Homestead Act
The Homestead Act was signed by President Lincoln and encouraged western migration and provided settlers 160 acres of public land. -
The Reconstruction Era
After the Civil war, the southern states that succeed had to readmit back into the Union, and attempts were made to redress the inequities of slavery and its political, social, and economic legacy. -
Black Codes passed in southern sates
The black Codes restricted the rights of newly freed African-Americans and restricted them from buying or renting land and forcing them into contract-labor systems. -
Freedmen s Bureau
The Freedmen's Bureau was created by Congress to provide freed slaves with shelter, medical aid, and food. -
Lee surrenders to Grant
During the Battle of Appomattox Court House, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders his troops to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, this was the end of the Civil war with a Union victory. -
Abraham Lincoln Assassinated
President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. because Booth thought it would aid the south. -
Ratification of the 13th Amendment
The ratification of the 13th amendment officially abolished slavery in the United States. -
Treaty of Fort Laramie
The Treaty of Fort Laramie was said to bring peace between whites and the Sioux Native Americans who agreed to settle within the Black Hills reservation. -
Wyoming and Womens Suffrage
In 1869, Wyoming became the first state to grant women suffrage and allow them the right to vote. -
First Transcontinental Railroad
The Transcontinental railroad was a 1,912-mile railroad that connected the eastern United States and the pacific coast. -
15th Amendment Ratified
The ratification of the 15th amendment guaranteed the right of all men to vote regardless of race. -
Panic of 1873
The Panic of 1873 was the first global depression brought about by industrial capitalism. -
Battle of Little Bighorn
The Lakota and other Plains Indians had an armed engagement with the United States, the Native American had a large victory. -
Railroad strike of 1877
The Railroad strike of 1877 was a result of increasing wage cuts and exposed tensions between lower class laborers and higher class. -
Farmers Alliance
The farmer's alliance was an organized economic movement of American farmers that sought to decrease the railroad and railroad companies' power. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was caused by American nativism and it prevented any Chinese immigrants from entering the United States. -
Interstate Commerce Act
The Interstate Commerce act was made to regulate railroad companies and the railroad industry and made them have reasonable and just prices. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
The Sherman Antitrust act regulated competition among enterprises and restricted monopolies. -
Panic of 1893
The Panic of 1893 was an economic depression in the United States and affected many parts of the economy. This panic was caused by labor & agricultural problems, free-silver debates, overspending, and US loans. -
Pullman Strike
The Pullman strike was a widespread boycott and strike on the railroads, which was caused by the panic of 1893. -
Atlanta Compromise
The Atlanta Compromise was an agreement between black leaders that said African Americans would not fight for the end of segregation as long as whites allow education and due process to African Americans. -
Spanish American War
The Spanish American war was due to America's support the ongoing struggle by Cubans and Filipinos against Spanish rule and the explosion of the USS Maine in Cuba. -
Hawaii Annexation
The islands of Hawaii were annexed by the United States in 1898 after Hawaii's economy crashed due to the McKinley tariff. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris in 1898 ended the Spanish American War and Spain gave up its title to Cuba and also ceded Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States. -
Platt Amendment
The Platt Amendment was a treaty between the U.S. and Cuba that protected Cuba's independence from foreign intervention and it permitted extensive U.S. involvement in Cuban international and domestic affairs -
Upton St Clair wrote The Jungle
The Jungle was a novel that exposed the lives and poor conditions of immigrants living in the United States. -
NAACP Formed
The NAACP is a civil rights organization to work for the abolition of segregation and discrimination. -
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire was an industrial fire in which the owners of the factory locked the workers in to prevent a strike, but a fire started and killed many workers. -
Progressive Party Formed
The progressive party was formed by Theodore Roosevelt to oppose and challenge president Taft. -
16th Amendment Ratified
Once the 16th amendment was ratified, it allowed Congress to impose a federal income tax without apportioning it among the states and without regard to the census. -
17th Amendment Ratified
Once the 17th amendment was ratified, it allowed citizens to directly vote for U.S. Senators. -
Clayton Antitrust Act
The Clayton Antitrust Act was legislation passed that defines unethical business practices, such as price-fixing and monopolies, and upholds various rights of labor. -
World War 1 Begins
World War 1 started after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The war started between Germany and Austria-Hungary and allies. -
Opening of the Panama Canal
The Panama Canal was built by the US through Panama to allow faster shipping of goods to the pacific ocean. -
The 1917 Jones-Shafroth Act
This act officially made Puerto Rico apart of the United States territory and made all Puerto Ricans American citizens. -
US declares war on Germany
During World War 1, the United States declared war on Germany because of Germany's violation of its pledge to suspend unrestricted submarine warfare and its attempts to entice Mexico into an alliance against the US. -
Espionage Act
The Espionage Act was passed in the United States which made it a federal offense to slander or use disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language about the Constitution. -
Wilson proposes Fourteen Points
The fourteen points as a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations and helped aid in the ending of World War 1. -
Armistice Ends World War 1
In November 1918, Germany signed an armistice agreement that ended fighting on land, sea, and air in World War I between the Allies and Germany -
The First Red Scare
The red scare was a countrywide fear of communism and those who supported it. McCarthyism was used in the United States to campaign against alleged communists. -
Treaty of Versailles
The treaty of Versailles was one of the main treaties that ended World War one and ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. -
19th Amendment ratified
The 19th amendment allowed citizens of any sex to vote in the United States. -
National Origins Act
The national origins act restricted immigration by establishing national quotas that discriminated against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and excluded Asians. -
The Stock Market Crash of 1929
The stock market crash in 1929 was one of the worst declines in U.S. history and eventually led to the Great Depression. -
The Great Depression
the Great Depression was a severe economic depression that led to steep declines in industrial output and employment. -
Roosevelt's New Deal
Roosevelt's plan for this new deal was to create new programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations all after the Great Depression. This new deal led to the Reform of Wall Street, relief for farmers, Social Security, and political power shifts to Democratic New Deal Coalition. -
Civilian Conservation Corps
the Civilian Conservation Corps was a voluntary public work relief program and provided men between the ages of 17-28 with jobs. -
Neutrality acts of the 1930s
The neutrality acts were a series of acts in response to the growing threats and wars that led to World War II. -
First Peacetime Draft
The peacetime draft required males from 21 through 35 to register with draft boards, then they were called to perform military service through a lottery. -
Atlantic Charter
The Atlantic Charter was signed by Roosevelt and Churchill to outline a vision for post-war peace, it also contained some of Roosevelt's four points and Churchill's London Declaration. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
The Attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military attack at the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu by Japanese forces. The attack on Peral Harbor killed 2403 people. -
United States declare war on Japan
The day after the attack on Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt declared war on the empire of Japan. -
Battle of the Coral Sea
The Battle of the Coral Sea was a naval and air force battle between the United States and Australia and Japan. -
D-Day
The Normandy landings were the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II. D-Day was the largest seaborne invasion in history and eventually led to the end of Germany's fighting. -
Hiroshima bombing
The Hiroshima bombing was an armed conflict between the United States and Japan where the US detonated two nuclear weapons over the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. -
The End of World War Two
The end of World War Two came with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers including Japan and Nazi Germany.
