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Period: 1491 to
Period 1/2
Colonization -
Settlement of Jamestown
Jamestown was the first permanent British settlement in the new world. -
House of Burgesses established
The House of Burgesses was the first representative government in the colonies. -
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut written
The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were the first written form of official government, -
Trade and Navigation Acts
The trade and navigation acts were when Britain first started establishing new rules for the colonists, but they were not enforced. -
King Phillip's War
Conflict between natives and settlers and natives last major effort to beat the colonists. -
Bacon's Rebellion
Backcountry attacked by natives and the government did not assist them, led them to see they did not necessarily have their best interests in mind. It also led to a rise in slavery. -
The Great Awakening starts
Personal religious conversion was pushed through fear and caused denominational changes, highlighted the significance of the common man, and led to the questioning of authority. -
Stono Uprising
An early example of slave resistance where slaves tried to escape to Spanish FL where they could have citizenship. -
French and Indian War
War in the colonies that caused major debt for Britain which led to the end of Salutary Neglect in an effort to make money. -
End of Salutary Neglect
Britain stopped letting the colonies self-govern and began implementing acts of Congress that were met with resistance from the colonists and build up to the American Revolution. -
Period: to
Period 3
American Revolution, Confederal, and Early Federal Government -
Sugar/Revenue Act
Tax on sugar that if violated had to go to admiralty courts which were located in Canada and you were assumed guilty. -
Currency Act
Colonies were prevented from printing their own money and all customs must be paid in specie. -
Quartering Act
The first quartering act in 1765 made colonists pay the cost of living for British soldiers. Later there was another quartering act that required colonists to house soldiers. -
Stamp Act
Tax on all printed and paper goods met with lots of resistance from the colonists because everyone was affected. This led to increased colonial unity and new groups such as the sons of liberty. -
Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre resulted in 5 people dead which were the first deaths as a result of the tension between the British and the colonists. After this Sam Adams created the committees of correspondence for colonies to effectively communicate. -
Boston Tea Party
Colonists dumped thousands of pounds of tea into the harbor in an effort to provoke England and get themselves targeted to gain sympathy. -
Tea Act
A tax on tea met with resistance from the colonists, most notably the Boston Tea Party. -
First Continental Congress
All the colonies come together for the first time against Britain, and they put nonimportation and exportation agreements on Britain. -
Intolerable Acts
A series of acts aiming to punish Massachusetts and Boston that increased support from other colonies and led the Committees of Correspondence to call for the First Continental Congress. -
Suffolk Resolves
Declared the intolerable acts unconstitutional and called the people of Massachusetts to arm themselves and prepare for war. -
Battle of Lexington and Concord
The initial fighting and the first battle in the American Revolution. -
Bunker Hill
A moral victory for the colonists even though they lost. Made the war seem winnable and not like a lost cause. -
Second Continental Congress
Met after the fighting started to establish a treaty with the natives and George Washington as the head on the continental army. -
Declaration of Independence
Official document stating that the colonies are breaking away from Britain. -
Treaty of Paris
Officially freed the colonists from Britain's authority and established the western boundary of the US to be the Mississipi river. -
Ratification of Constitution
After the Articles of Confederation failed the Constitution was written and established a strong government in place to this day. -
"Revolution" of 1800
The first peaceful switch between presidents of different parties. -
Period: to
Period 4 Part 1
The Age of Jacksonian Democracy. -
Marbury v. Madison
Established the concept of judicial review in the United States that gives the supreme court authority to declare if something is unconstitutional. -
Louisiana Purchase
Significantly increased the land area if the United States and challenged the functionality of such a strict interpretation of the constitution as Jefferson had because his ability to do that was not specifically stated. -
Embargo of 1807
Jefferson lost credibility within his own party because he cut off the US's trade with any other country which hurt the US the most. -
War of 1812
Another victory over Britain that led to a strong feeling of nationalism among Americans. -
Clay's American System
Established a protective tariff, the second bank of the US, and internal improvements such as infrastructure. -
Adams-Onis Treaty
The US continued to expand its land area and purchased Florida. -
Panic of 1819
Economic recession that was caused by over-speculation and resulted in the land law of 1820. -
Missouri Compromise
Established an understanding that Congress had the right to regulate the expansion of slavery after allowing Missouri to come in as a slave state as long as Maine came in as a free state. Also, it established the 36 30' line which made southern states pretty much slave states and northern states free. -
Monroe Doctrine
The Monroe Doctrine opposed European colonialism while also establishing the United States' dominance in the western hemisphere. -
John Quincy Adams elected
John Q Adams was respected but not well-liked. He had a nationalistic program and was unable to work well with Congress and the country moved towards sectionalism. -
Period: to
Period 4 Part 2
Jacksonian Democracy, Expanding Territory and Increased Sectionalism. -
Andrew Jackson elected
Jackson used a common man image which led to the common man being more involved in politics. During his presidency, he felt he had a mandate and did whatever he wanted such as excessively vetoing legislation and using the Spoils System. -
Latter-Day Saints founded
The Mormon religion still practiced today was the first American based religion and early on there lived pretty much separately within their own society. -
Whig Party established
With the establishment of the Whigs, who all opposed Jackson America's second party system started. -
Treaty of Wanghia
Opened US trade relationship with China -
Period: to
Period 5
Build up to the Civil War, Civil War, Reconstruction. -
Mexican-American War
The Mexican-American war was part of Polk's efforts of territorial expansion which was a success in that department and also led to US dominance in the western hemisphere, more debate over slave and free states, and gave future civil war leaders military experience. -
Seneca Falls Convention
The Seneca Falls Convention was a women's rights focused meeting that outlined women's rights in comparison to the Declaration of Independence. -
Compromise of 1850
Resulted in a shift towards regional parties, the fugitive slave law, California being admitted as a free state, and the end of the slave trade in DC. -
The End of the Whigs
North v. South parties emerge increasing sectionalism. -
Kansas Nebraska Bill
Undermined the Missouri Compromise by proposing to use popular sovereignty to solve the slavery question in these new states. -
Pattawomie Massacre
John Brown killed 5 people in the middle of the night and was one display of the measures people would go to to support their beliefs over slavery. -
Dredd Scott v Sanford
Decided that slaves were property and of brought from a slave state to a free state, they were not free. -
Panic of 1857
Brought on by overproduction and overexpansion of railroads and led southerners to believe their economic system was superior. -
South Carolina Secedes
South Carolina was the first state to vote to secede from the union and was soon followed by other southern states to create the confederacy. -
Emancipation Proclamation
Formally made the war about ending slavery and freed slaves that were in states of rebellion. Did not free all the slaves. -
Vicksburg
Union captures the last place controlled by the Confederacy on the Mississippi. -
Sherman takes Atlanta
Atlanta was the transportation hub for the Confederacy, captured by the union and helping to lead to the union victory. -
13th amendment passed
Slavery was officially abolished with the passing of the 13th amendment, however confederate states were not entered back into the union yet and did not cooperate. -
Lincoln Assassinated
Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth and replaced by Andrew Johnson who had a stricter reconstruction plan than Lincoln. -
Period: to
Period 6
Reconstruction, Labor Movement -
Congressional Reconstruction
Established Freedman's Bureau, the civil rights act, the 14th amendment, required southern states to give African Americans the right to vote and called for the repudiation of state debts. -
National Labor Union
One of the earliest labor unions in the US. It was unsuccessful because it was unfocused and meshed skilled and unskilled labor. -
Formation of the KKK
Southern Democrats did not respond well to reconstruction and found other ways to live out racist sentiments. -
Transcontinental Railroad completed
Allowed for must more efficient travel and production. -
Compromise of 1877
Hayes becomes president, reconstruction is over, and the south gets federal money to rebuild and does not have have to enforce the 14th and 15th amendments. -
Railway Strikes
Nationwide railway strikes took place in 1877 to attempt to push for more fair conditions for labor. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Prevented any more Chinese immigrants from entering the US and was one of many anti-immigrant acts of Congress. -
Wabash Case
Established that only the federal government can regulate interstate trade. -
American Federation of Labor Established
First successful labor union in pushing for higher wages, fewer hours, and better conditions. -
Sherman Anti Trust Act passed
Intended to make monopolies illegal but originally used to break up labor unions. -
Old to new immigration tipping point
Immigration patterns went from being mostly from northern and western Europe to from southern and eastern Europe and Asia. -
Homestead Strike
Violent strike against Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. -
Panic of 1893
Small railroad companies bought up by bigger ones and go out of business which led to regional monopolies. -
Pullman Strike
Railroad workers refused to deal with Pullman cars after they cut wages. Men in the railroad industry then put US mail on pullman cars to force the government to get involved and take their side. -
Wilmington Massacre
White Democrats tried to get African Americans out of office, and the white militia destroyed the African American community killing confirmed 60 people. -
Annexation of Hawaii
During the age of New imperialism, the US continued to expand its territory and influence. -
Sinking of the Maine
Build up to the Spanish American war after media blamed Spain for the sinking of an American ship. -
Spanish- American War
The Spanish-American War raised the status of the US, proves the advantages of naval power, and showed the need for the Panama canal. -
Period: to
Period 7 Part 1
Gilded Age, World War I -
Northern Securities Case
Railroad monopoly was broken up by the government, changing the interpretation of the Sherman Antitrust act. -
Election of 1904
Teddy Roosevelt ran on the premise of the "Square Deal" and equality within the progressive movement. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
This is one example of the government taking more steps to protect the people during the progressive movement. -
Development of Professional Organizations
In the early 1900s as part of the progressive movement, organizations such as the American Medical Association, Chambers of Commerce and National Education Association were created to regulate professionals. -
National Park Service
Teddy Roosevelt was a conservationist and was responsible for the creation of national parks and put in place systems to protect the land. -
Keating-Owen Act
A step towards eliminating child labor by banning interstate sale of any goods created by child labor. -
Adamson Act
Established an 8 hour workday for interstate railroad employees, something unions had been pushing for for quite some time. -
Workers Comp Act
During Wilson's presidency, he passed multiple social welfare legislation acts such as the worker's comp act. -
National Defense Act
Nearly doubled the size of the army to prepare for when the US would inevitably have to enter WWI. -
Purchase of US virgin islands
America continues to expand its territory and influence. -
WW1 begins
The US declares war on April 6, 1917, after many things such as the resumption of submarine warfare, the Zimmerman note, and the Russian revolution finally push them to join. -
Period: to
Period 7 Part 2
End of World War I, Great Depression, World War II -
National Origins Act
Significantly limited immigration into the US especially from eastern Europe and Asia by using old census data from when most immigrants were from northern and western Europe. -
Great Depression Began
The Great Depression was caused by over-speculation in the stock market, a lack of diversification in industries, trade restrictions, and many other factors and led to a long period of hardship for Americans that was not handled properly and was hard for the economy to bounce back from. -
Stock Market Crash
The Stock Market Crash of 1929 was a major catalyst for the Great Depression. -
Federal Land Bank
In order to prevent foreclosures on homes, the federal government loaned banks money to be able to wait longer. -
The New Deal
FDR was elected in 1932 and his New Deal plan was to help the economy and the people through the Great Depression. He focused on relief, recovery, and reform to keep something like that from happening again. -
Works Progress Administration
The WPA was an organization that did many things to provide jobs for people and help with hardships. -
Embargo on Japan
Japan was one of the axis powers fighting against US allies and was heavily dependent on trade with the US. FDR put an embargo on trade with Japan and closed the Panama Canal to them. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Official request made for the declaration of war after the Japanese attack on American soil and sink or damage the majority of the Pacific American fleet. -
Lend Lease Act
Allowed the president to give other countries supplies during wartime and FDR gave out over $50 billion. -
Hitler invades USSR
The US gets closer and closer to war, and Hitler invades the USSR, one of the main allied powers. The US sends aid to the USSR. -
Smith Conally Anti Strike Act
Required a 30-day notice before a strike which practically made strikes useless in order to avoid them during wartime because they needed as many people working as possible. -
Korematsu v. US
Japanese-Americans were put into internment camps during WWII and the Supreme Court ruled that civil liberties can be restricted during wartime. -
D-Day
A major victory for the allied powers as they eventually liberated Paris and successfully distracted the axis powers. -
VE day
Victory in Europe for WWII was on May 7th, 1945 after the Yalta conference was held to sort out postwar provisions. -
Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Officially ended WWII with mass destruction and casualties by dropping the atomic bombs on Japan.