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Eli Whitney Patented the Cotton Gin
Applied for a patent of his cotton gin in 1793, but patent was granted in 1794 and not validated till 1807. -
Thomas Jefferson was elected president
Revolution of 1800 -
Gabriel Prosser Slave Revolt
Gabriel intended to lead slaves into Richmond, but the rebellion was postponed because of rain -
Second Great Awakening Began
Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States -
Louisiana Purchase
Doubled the size of the United States -
Marbury v. Madison
Case where the Supreme Court forms the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States -
Beginning of Lewis and Clark Expedition
First American expedition to cross what is now the western portion of the United States -
Embargo Act
Passed by the United States Congress and prohibited American trips from trading in all foreign ports -
Chesapeake-Leopard Affair
Naval engagement off the coast of Norfolk, VA between the British warship HMS Leopard and the American frigate USS Chesapeake -
James Madison Elected President
4th President, led the U.S. into the controversial War of 1812 against Great Britain -
Non-Intercourse Act
Replaced Embargo Act of 1807...lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports. -
Death of Tecumseh
Killed by American forces in the Battle of Thames and marked the end of Indian resistance east of Mississippi -
Francis Cabot Lowell Smuggled Memorized Textile Mill Plans From Manchester, England
Delf-taught engineer who also stole designs, plans, and factory layouts from England, began the first textile mill -
The British Burn Washington DC
British attack against Washington DC, the capital of the United States, during the War of 1812 -
Hartford Convention
Held in Hartford, Connecticut, United States, in which the New England Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 -
Treaty of Ghent
Peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Ireland -
End of the War of 1812
Two centuries of peace between the United States and Britain -
Battle of New Orleans
Last major battle of the War of 1812; American forces successfully repelled the invading British army -
Era of Good Feeling Began
Period in the political history of the United States that reflected a sense of national purpose and a desire for unity among Americans in the aftermath of the War of 1812. -
James Monroe Elected President
Oversaw major westward expansion and strengthened American foreign policy with the Monroe Doctrine -
Anglo-American Convention
Set the boundary between the Missouri Territory in the United States and British North America at the forty-ninth parallel -
Rush-Bagot Treaty
An agreement between the United States and Great Britain to eliminate their fleets from the Great Lakes, following the War of 1812 -
Adams-Onis Treaty
Treaty between the United States and Spain that ceded Florida to the U.S. -
McCulloch v. Maryland
The Supreme Court held that Congress had the power to incorporate the bank and that Maryland could not tax instruments of the national government employed in the execution of constitutional powers. -
Panic of 1819
First major peacetime financial crisis in the United States followed by a general collapse of the American economy -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Contract between private parties, and that the New Hampshire government's attempt to turn the College into a public institution was unconstitutional under the contract clause. -
Missouri Compromise
The measures provided for the admission of Maine as a free state along with Missouri as a slave state, thus maintaining the balance of power between North and South. -
Denmark Vesey Slave Revolt
A failed slave rebellion led by Denmark Vesey in Charleston, South Carolina to kill the whites -
Monroe Doctrine
United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas -
Catharine Beecher Published Essays on the Education of Female Teachers
Promoted women as natural teachers, but also advocated for an expansion and development of teacher training programs -
Gibbons v. Ogden
Supreme Court of the United States held that the power to regulate interstate commerce encompassed the power to regulate navigation. -
John Quincy Adams Elected President (Corrupt Bargain)
It was believed that Clay, the Speaker of the House at the time, convinced Congress to elect Adams, who then made Clay his Secretary of State. -
Erie Canal Completed
Built to create a navigable water route from New York City and the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes -
Charles B. Finney Lead Religious Revivals in Western New York
One of the most forceful American evangelists, one who was greatly responsible for the rise of religious fervor in western New York from the 1820s to the 1850s -
Robert Owen Founded the New Harmony Community
Robert Owen purchased the town with the intention of creating a new Utopian community and renamed it New Harmony. -
Lyman Beecher Delivered His "Six Sermons on Intemperance"
They were sent throughout the United States, ran rapidly through many editions in England, and were translated into several languages -
Tariff of Abominations
Protective tariff designed to protect industry in the northern United States. -
Andrew Jackson Elected President
Seventh president of the United States...known for founding the Democratic Party and for his support of individual liberty. -
Indian Removal Act
Established a process whereby the President could grant land west of the Mississippi River to Indian tribes that agreed to give up their homelands -
Joseph Smith Founded the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints
Claimed he was visited by an angel telling him of hidden records inscribed on golden plates and translated these plates into the Book of Mormon -
Worcester v. Georgia
Supreme Court ruled that because the Cherokee Nation was a separate political entity that could not be regulated by the state, Georgia's license law was unconstitutional. -
Andrew Jackson Vetoed the Re-Charter of the Second Bank of the United States
Jackson argued that it was incompatible with “justice,” “sound policy” and the Constitution; Used his executive power to close the account and to put the money in various state banks -
Nullification Crisis Began
Convention declared that the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and unenforceable within the state of South Carolina -
Black Hawk War
Brief conflict between the United States and Native Americans led by Black Hawk, a Sauk leader -
Creation of the Whig Party in the U.S.
Formed in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson and his Democratic Party -
Treaty of New Echota
The forcible removal of the Cherokee Nation from Georgia in exchange for compensation. -
Transcendental Club's First Meeting
A meeting-place for young thinkers and an organizing ground for idealist frustration with the general state of American culture and society at the time -
First McGuffey Reader Published
The first widely used textbooks in the U.S that consisted of stories, poems, essays, and speeches -
Texas Declared Independence from Mexico
The formal declaration of independence of the Republic of Texas from Mexico in the Texas Revolution -
Battle of the Alamo
Mexican troops launched an assault on the Alamo Mission near San Antonio de Béxar killing all of the Texian defenders. -
Andrew Jackson Issued Specie Circular
Issued by President Andrew Jackson; It required payment for government land to be in gold and silver -
Horace Mann Elected Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education
He overhauled the state's public-education system and established a series of schools to train teachers -
Panic of 1837
A financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major recession that lasted until the mid-1840s -
Martin Van Buren Elected President
An American statesman who served as the eighth President of the United States -
Ralph Waldo Emerson gave the 'Divinity School Address"
The commencement address at Harvard Divinity School... seen as a significant essay, both in American literature and American history -
Trail of Tears Began
The Cherokee nation was forced to give up its lands east of the Mississippi River and to migrate to an area in present-day Oklahoma -
Webster-Ashburton Treaty
A treaty resolving several border issues between the United States and the British North American colonies -
Treaty of Wanghia with China
A diplomatic agreement between Qing-dynasty China and the United States that allowed American citizens to merchandise equally in the five treaty ports -
Beginning of Manifest Destiny
The continued territorial expansion of the boundaries of the United States westward to the Pacific and beyond -
James Polk Elected President
11th president, Democrat, assumed office after defeating Whig Henry Clay in the 1844 presidential election -
U.S. Annexation of Texas
Incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America, which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state -
Start of the Mexican War
An armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States -
Bear Flag Revolt
A small group of American settlers in California rebelled against the Mexican government and proclaimed California an independent republic -
John Humphrey Noyes Founded the Oneida Community
The most successful of the Utopian socialist communities in the United States -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Ended war between United States and Mexico and added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory -
Gold Rush Began in California
Rapid influx of fortune seekers in California that began after gold was found at Sutter's Mill in early 1848 -
Henry David Thoreau Published Civil Disobedience
Showed Thoreau's opposition to slavery and American imperialism -
Commodore Matthew Perry Entered Tokyo Harbor Opening Japan to the U.S.
Seeking to re-establish for the first time in over 200 years regular trade and discourse between Japan and the western world -
Gadsden Purchase
An agreement between the United States and Mexico in which the United States agreed to pay Mexico $10 million for a 29,670 square mile portion of Mexico -
Kanagawa Treaty
First treaty between the United States of America and the Tokugawa Shogunate that marked the end of Japan's period of seclusion
