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Virginia
Founded by the London Company -
Headright System
The headright system began in Jamestown, Virginia as an attempt to solve labor shortages due to the advent of the tobacco economy, which required large plots of land with many workers. legal grant of land to settlers. -
House of Burgesses
First assembly of elected representatives of English colonists in North America. The House was established by the Virginia Company, who created the body as part of an effort to encourage English craftsmen to settle in North America and to make conditions in the colony more agreeable for its current inhabitants. Its first meeting was held in Jamestown, Virginia, on July 30. -
Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was an agreement of the new settlers arriving at New Plymouth. The settlers knew the the New World earlier had failed due to lack of government, so they used to compact to draw up fair and equal laws for the settlement. -
Massachusetts
Founded by Puritans -
New Hampshire
Founded by John Wheelwright -
Enlightenment
cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe and the American colonies. Its purpose was to reform society using reason (rather than tradition, faith and revelation) and advance knowledge through science. It promoted science and intellectual interchange and opposed superstition, intolerance and some abuses by church and state. -
Maryland
Founded by Lord Baltimore -
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Pequot War
The Pequot War came to be because the Pequot Indian tribe who were living in Connecticut didn’t like where they were living and they felt like they didn't have enough land. -
Connecticut
Founded by Thomas Hooker -
Rhode Island
Founded by Roger Williams -
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Sir Edmund Andros and Dominion of New England
English colonial administrator in North America. Andros was known most notably for his governorship of the Dominion of New England during most of its three-year existence. At other times, Andros served as governor of the provinces of New York, East and West Jersey, Virginia, and Maryland. Andros' tenure in New England was authoritarian and turbulent, as his actions were viewed as pro-Anglican, damaging criticism in a region home to many Puritans. -
Delaware
Founded by Peter Minuit and New Sweden Company -
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
The Fundamental Order of Connecticut was a written document that allowed elected representative from each town to make the laws. This was many for the pilgrims who were being mistreated and decided to leave Massachusetts and and colonize new area which is now Connecticut -
Toleration Act of 1649
The Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was passed in 1649 by assembly of the Province of Maryland mandating religious toleration. The Calverts, who founded Maryland, needed to attract settlers to make the colonial venture profitable. In order to protect the Catholics from the immigrating Puritans and Protestants, the Calverts supported the Act Concerning Religion. The Act allowed freedom of worship for all Christians in Maryland. -
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Navigation Acts
The English Navigation Acts were a series of laws that restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England and its colonies. The Navigation Acts were passed by the English Parliament in the seventeenth century. The Acts were originally aimed at excluding the Dutch from the profits made by English trade. The mercantilist theory behind the Navigation Acts assumed that world trade was fixed and the colonies existed for the parent country. -
North Carolina
Founded by Virginians -
Halfway Covenant
Form of partial church membership created by New England.It was promoted in particular by the Reverend Solomon Stoddard, who felt that the people of the English colonies were drifting away from their original religious purpose. First-generation settlers were beginning to die out, while their children and grandchildren often expressed less religious piety, and more desire for material wealth. -
South Carolina
Founded by Eight Nobles with a Royal Charter from Charles II -
New Jersey
Founded by Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret -
New York
Founded by Duke of York -
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King Philip’s War (Metacom)
King Phillips War was an armed conflict betweenthe Native Americans and the English Colonists. This war started because the colonists wanted more land. -
Bacon’s Rebellion
First rebellion in the American colonies in which discontented frontiersmen took part. Thousand Virginians rose (former indentured servants, poor whites and poor blacks) they resented Virginia Governor William Berkeley's friendly policies towards the Native Americans when Berkeley refused to retaliate for a series of Indian attacks on frontier settlements, others took matters into their own hands, attacking Native Americans and chasing Berkeley from Jamestown, Virginia. -
Pennsylvania
Founded by William Penn -
Glorious Revolution
Overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (William of Orange). William's successful invasion of England with a Dutch fleet and army led to his ascending the English throne as William III of England jointly with his wife Mary II of England. -
Salem Witch Trials
More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft—the Devil's magic—and 20 were executed. Eventually, the colony admitted the trials were a mistake and compensated the families of those convicted. Since then, the story of the trials has become synonymous with paranoia and injustice, and it continues to beguile the popular imagination more than 300 years later. -
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John Peter Zenger Trial
German-American printer, publisher, editor and journalist in New York City. He was a defendant in a landmark legal case in American jurisprudence that determined that truth was a defense against charges of libel and "laid the foundation for American press freedom." -
First Great Awakening
Christian revitalization movement that swept Protestant Europe and British America, and especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. George Whitefield was a very powerful preacher, who marked the start of the great awakening. Revival began with Jonathan Edwards, the leading American theologian of the colonial era and a Congregationalist minister in Northampton, Massachusetts. -
Georgia
Founded by James Edward Oglethorpe -
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French and Indian War
The war was fought primarily between the colonies of British America and New France, with both sides supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France. The name refers to the two main enemies of the British colonists: the royal French forces and the various Native American forces allied with them. -
Pontiac's Rebellion
War that was launched by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes primarily from the Great Lakes region, the Illinois Country, and Ohio Country who were dissatisfied with British postwar policies in the Great Lakes region after the British victory in the French and Indian War. Warriors from numerous tribes joined the uprising in an effort to drive British soldiers and settlers out of the region. -
Proclamation of 1763
British issued proclamation prohibiting colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. This was to prevent future hostilities between colonists and Native Americans. The colonist were angry they felt like they deserved the land after the French and Indian War. -
Sugar Act
• Placed duties on foreign sugar and certain luxuries, purpose was to raise money for the crown, and enforcement of the Navigation Acts to stop smuggling -
Stamp Act
• Raise funds to support British military forces in the colonies: required that revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper in the colonies, including all legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets, and advertisement! (First Direct Tax) -
Quartering Act
• This act required the colonists to provide food and living quarters for British soldiers stationed in the colonies -
Townshend Act
• Parliament enacted new duties to be collected on colonial imports of tea, glass, and paper. Money would go to officials. It also provided for the search of private homes for smuggled goods. -
Boston Massacre
• Crowd of colonists harassed the guards; people of Boston resented the British troops who had quartered them from being attacked by the Sons of Liberty. Guards fired killing five people; the soldiers were defended by colonial lawyer John Adams and acquitted. Adams’ more radical cousin, Samuel Adams, angrily denounced the shooting incident as a “massacre.” -
Boston Tea Party
• Political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, a city in the British colony of Massachusetts, against the tax policy of the British government and the East India Company that controlled all the tea imported into the colonies. -
Tea Act
• Act not intended to raise revenue in the American colonies, imposed no new taxes. The Townshend Acts were still in place, radical leaders in America found reason to believe that this act was a maneuver to buy popular support for the taxes. Colonists in Philadelphia and New York turned the tea ships back to Britain. In Boston the Royal Governor was stubborn & held the ships in port, where the colonists would not allow them to unload. This situation led to the Boston Tea Party. -
Boston Port Act
Act was designed to show that Great Britain still controlled the colonies. This act makes some colonists really angry which leads to more disputes in the future. -
Intolerable Acts
Acts triggered outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies that later became the United States, and were important developments in the growth of the American Revolution. Finally lead to the Revolution as well as the Boston Tea Party. -
Quebec Act
This act garunteed free practice of the Catholic faith, territory was expanded and took over part of the Indian Reserve. This act was inforced due to the actions of the Boston Tea Party. -
Lexington and Concord
• Known as the shot heard around the world. The colonists won, this was the first battle of the Revolutionary war. -
Second Continental Congress
Delegrates from the 13 colonies had a meeting in Philadelphia. This meeting started the discussion of what they should do. The Battle of Lexington and Concord were fresh in their thoughts. -
Battle at Bunker Hill
• Great Britain won this battle. The British troops had better armor and many more people. The colonists were waiting on top of the hill so that they had a better advantage. -
Olive Branch Petition
Adopted by the contenintal congress saying they did not want to go into a full war with Britain. -
Declaration of Independence
Colonies regarded Great Britain and saw themseves as independent states. Thomas Jefferson wrote the original document. -
Declaratory Act; 1776
• Parliament voted to repeal the Stamp Act. This act also said that whatever Great Britain tells colonists to do, they would not have to listen. -
Common Sense
Written by Thomas Paine, challenged the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy. The plain language that Paine used spoke to the common people of America and was the first work to openly ask for independence from Great Britain. -
Battle of Saratoga
Independence was a time of many military disasters for the fledgling republic; the first year of its existence was almost its last. New York was the stage for much of the drama that unfolded. This battle was a turning point for the Revoluntary war. -
Articles of Confederation
Agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution. -
Battle of Yorktown
One of the last battles of the Revolution. Ended with a surrender of Charles Cornwallis. There his army joined with other British troops and planned an attack. The redcoats pushed Marquis de Lafayette's brigade out of Richmond. However General Sir Henry Clinton stopped the offensive because he criticized Cornwallis's unofficial decision. Clinton ordered Cornwallis to the Chesapeake Bay with instructions to set up a defensive fort. -
Treaty of Paris 1783
Ended the American Revolution between the British and America. The document was signed by Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay. Terms of the treaty, Britain recognized the independent nation of the United States of America, Britain agreed to remove all of its troops from the new nation. Signing the tready means that more land was given to America, meaning more power. -
Shay’s Rebellion
• Poor, veteran, farmers, burdened by debt stage a rebellion in Massachusetts that is quickly put down but reveals the weakness of the Articles of Confederation, paving the way for a stronger centralized government (U.S. Constitution). -
Shay's Rebellion
Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising that took place in central and western Massachusetts in 1786 and 1787. The rebellion was named after Daniel Shays, a veteran of the American Revolutionary War and one of the rebel leaders. -
Northwest Ordinance 1787
Had the world know that the land next to the Ohio River would become settled and someday became part of the United States. -
Constitutional Convention
The Constitutional Convention (also known as the Philadelphia Convention,the Federal Convention, or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to address problems in governing the United States of America, which had been operating under the Articles of Confederation following independence from Great Britain. -
Judiciary Act 1789
The United States Judiciary Act of 1789 was a landmark statute adopted on September 24, 1789 in the first session of the First United States Congress establishing the U.S. federal judiciary. Article III, section 1 of the Constitution prescribed that the "judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court," and such inferior courts as Congress saw fit to establish. It made no provision, though, for the composition or procedures of any of the courts, leaving this to Congres -
Marbury v. Madison (associate judicial review, midnight judges, and judiciary act of 1789) (1789)
The 1803 case in which Chief Justice John Marshall and his associates first asserted the right of the Supreme Court to determine the meaning of the U.S. Constitution. The decision established the Court's power of judicial review over acts of Congress, (the Judiciary Act of 1789). -
Alien and Sedition Acts (associate Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions) (1798)
Alien and Sedition Acts (associate Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions) (1798)
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed in 1798 by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress in the aftermath of the French Revolution and during an undeclared naval war with France, later known as the Quasi-War. They were signed into law by President John Adams. -
Second Great Awakening
Movement in the United States regarding different religions. Preachers led these movements. -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion, or Whiskey Insurrection, was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791, during the presidency of George Washington. -
Chisholm v. Georgia 1793
The heirs of Alexander Chisholm (a citizen of South Carolina) sued the state of Georgia. The Supreme Court upheld the right of citizens of one state to sue another state, and decided against Georgia. -
XYZ Affair
The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, during the administration of John Adams, that Americans interpreted as an insult from France. It led to an undeclared naval war called the Quasi-War. -
Revolution of 1800 (1800)
Thomas Jefferson defeated John Adams. The election was a realigning election that ushered in a generation of Democratic-Republican Party rule and the eventual demise of the Federalist Party in the First Party System. -
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
The U.S., under Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France, under the rule of Napoleon, in 1803. The U.S. paid $15 million for the Louisiana Purchase, and Napoleon gave up his empire in North America. The U.S. gained control of Mississippi trade route and doubled its size. -
Embargo Act 1807 (1807)
This act issued by Jefferson forbade American trading ships from leaving the U.S. It was meant to force Britain and France to change their policies towards neutral vessels by depriving them of American trade. It was difficult to enforce because it was opposed by merchants and everyone else whose livelihood depended upon international trade. It also hurt the national economy, so it was replaced by the Non-Intercourse Act. -
Nonintercourse Act 1809
In the last four days of President Thomas Jefferson's presidency, the United States Congress replaced the Embargo Act of 1807 with the almost unenforceable Non-Intercourse Act of March 1809. This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British orFrench ports. The intent was to damage the economies of the United Kingdom and France. -
Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810)
Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810)
restored trade with Britain and France but that if one country agreed to respect neutral rights than the US would prohibit trade with that nation's foe -
Fletcher v. Peck 1810
Supreme Court case which protected property rights and asserted the right to invalidate state laws in conflict with the Constitution -
War of 1812 (1812)
War of 1812 (1812) a war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France -
Treaty of Ghent (associate Battle of New Orleans) 1814
was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The treaty largely restored relations between the two nations to status quo ante bellum. Due to the era's slow speed of communication, it took weeks for news of the peace treaty to reach the United States, well after the Battle of New Orleans had begun. -
McColluch v. Maryland 1819
Interpreted Constitution to give broad powers to national government -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward 1819
safeguarded property rights, especially of chartered corporations -
Johnson v. McIntosh 1823
Established that Indian tribes had rights to tribal lands that preceded all other American law; only the federal government could take land from the tribes. -
Election of 1824
The term Corrupt Bargain refers to three historic incidents in American history in which political agreement was determined by congressional or presidential actions that many viewed to be corrupt from different standpoints. Two of these involved resolution of indeterminate or disputed electoral votes from the United States presidential election process, and the third involved the disputed use of a presidential pardon. -
Gibbons v. Ogden 1824
gave national government jurisdiction over interstate commerce -
Election of 1828
The United States presidential election of 1828 featured a rematch between John Quincy Adams, now incumbent President, and Andrew Jackson, the runner-up in the 1824 election. -
Indian Removal Act 1830
The Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830. The act authorized him to negotiate with the Indians in the Southern United States for their removal to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their homelands. -
Nullification Crisis 1832
The Nullification Crisis was a sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by South Carolina's 1832 Ordinance of Nullification. This ordinance declared by the power of the State that the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore null and void within the sovereign boundaries of South Carolina. -
Texas Independence
Formal declaration of independence of the Republic of Texas from Mexico in the Texas Revolution. It was adopted at the Convention of 1836 at Washington-on-the-Brazos and formally signed the following day after errors were noted in the text. -
Second Bank of United States
The Second Bank of the United States (BUS) served as the nation's federally authorized central bank -
Webster-Ashburton Treaty
Treaty resolving several border issues between the United States and the British North American colonies. -
Election of 1844
James K. Polk defeted Henry Clay with a very close election. Polk agreed with Manifest Destiny as well as Texas annexation unlikke Clay. -
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Mexican-American War
War between American and Mexico. Was about the annexation of Texas and border disputes. America won and got granted more land. -
Wilmot Proviso
One of the major events leading to the American Civil War, would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War or in the future, including the area later known as the Mexican Cession, but which some proponents construed to also include the disputed lands in south Texas and New Mexico east of the Rio Grande. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848
Called the tready of peace between the Unites States (Texas) and Mexico. Mexico surrendered to the United States. -
Gadsden Purchase
United States bought land from Mexico (which makes up Arizona today) to create a clear boundary. -
Ostend Manifesto
Document written, that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused. Cuba's annexation had long been a goal of U.S. expansionists, particularly as the U.S. set its sights southward following the admission of California to the Union. -
Panic of 1857
Finantial panic in the United States caused by over-expanding. -
South Carolina secedes
South Carolina secedes from the union. Although the rest of the states do not reconize that they have seceded. -
Lincoln's Inauguration
Lincolns Inauguration and Speech took place on March 4th. -
Lincoln elected president
Abe Lincoln was elected president. -
Confederacy formed
The confederacy formed in 1861. The confederacy was made up of mainly southern states. -
Union Surrender at Ft. Sumter
The Union Surrender at Ft. Sumter was the beginning of the Civil War. The confederate won this war that took place in South Carolina. -
First Battle of Bull Run
First Battle of Bull Run was that the Confederacy won. -
Antietam
The battle of Antietam was fought in Maryland. The winner of the battle was the Union -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by the United States government under the president of Lincoln. ": It proclaimed all those enslaved in Confederate territory to be forever free, and ordered the Army (and all segments of the Executive branch) to treat as free all those enslaved in ten states that were still in rebellion, thus applying to 3.1 million of the 4 million slaves in the U.S. " -
Gettysburg
The Gettysburg Address is a speech given by Lincoln. The speech was given during the Civil War. -
Battle of Nashville
The Battle of Nashville was a two day battle. The end result was that the Union won. -
Alaska Purchase
Treaty ratified by the Senate. Russia, fearing a war with Britain that would allow the British to seize Alaska, wanted to sell. Its major role had been forcing Native Alaskans to hunt for furs for them, along with missionary work to convert them. -
Dawes Act
This document would allow Native Americans to own land. -
Wounded Knee Massacre
This was the last battle of the American Indian War. This attack left over 150 Native Americans. -
U.S.S. Maine
Second-class pre-dreadnought battleship (launched in 1889, originally classified as an armored cruiser) whose sinking by an explosion, either internal or by a mine, on February 15, 1898 at 9:40 p.m. killing 266, precipitated the Spanish-American War. -
Teller Amendment
joint resolution of the United States Congress, in reply to President William McKinley's War Message. It placed a condition of the United States military in Cuba. According to the clause, the U.S. could not annex Cuba but only leave "control of the island to its people." -
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Spanish-American War
Conflict in between Spain and the United States, effectively the result of American intervention in the ongoing Cuban War of Independence. American attacks on Spain's Pacific possessions led to involvement in the Philippine Revolution and ultimately to the Philippine–American War. -
Open Door Policy
Principles initiated by the United States for the protection of equal privileges among countries trading with China and in support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity. -
Election of 1900
Spanish Americnan war helper, William McKinley beat William Jennings Bryan. -
Platt Amendment
Replaced the Teller amendement. Defined the terms with American and Cuba. -
Roosevelt Corollary
corollary to the Monroe Doctrine that was articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union Address. The corollary states that the United States will intervene in conflicts between European Nations and Latin American countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the Europeans press their claims directly. -
Gentlemen's Agreement
Informal agreement between the United States and the Empire of Japan whereby the U.S. would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration, and Japan would not allow further emigration to the U.S. The goal was to reduce tensions between the two powerful Pacific nations. -
Election of 1908
President Roosevelt promised not to seek another term, he persuaded people to vote for William Taft. William Taft won by a majority and the race wasn't even close. -
Founding of the NAACP
NAACP was founded because of the hatred people had for eachother, such as people getting lynched. -
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Mexican Civil War (Revolution)
Major armed struggle, uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz, and lasted for the better part of a decade. -
Election of 1912
Woodrow Wilson became president out of 3 other contestants. Different nominational parties were made this election. Wilson is a democrat from New Jersey. -
Panama Canal
Allows ships to pass between the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean -
Jones Act
Statute sponsored by Representative William Atkinson Jones that provided the Philippine Islands a "more autonomous government" to prepare the territory for independence. -
First Red Scare
The first red scare was after the first world war. The red scare frightened Americans and Americans believed in spies as well as that there were people who would bomb us (Americans). -
Red Summer
The time period known as the "red summer" was whenever White Americans started to attack African Americans. Most of the time, the African Americans wouldn't fight back, but sometimes they did. -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance is the time period when African Americans started a movement. This was a time where dance and jazz started to become popular as well as different paintings. -
Election of 1932
The United States presidential election of 1932 took place in the midst of the Great Depression that had ruined the promises of incumbent President Herbert Hoover to bring about a new era of prosperity. -
New Deal 1933 - 1936
the economic policy of F. D. Roosevelt -
Attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki 1945
The atomic bombings of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan were conducted by the United States during the final stages of World War II in 1945. -
Truman Doctrine (associate ‘containment’) 1947
President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology -
Creation of NATO 1949
an international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security -
Fall of China to Communism (1949)
Communist government of mainland China; proclaimed in 1949 following military success of Mao Zedong over forces of Chiang Kai-shek and the Guomindang. -
Korean War
Korean War (1950-1953)
a war between North and South Korea -
Election of 1952
Election won by Eisenhower -
Boxer Rebellion
Supported peasant uprising that attempted to drive all foreigners from China. “Boxers” was a name that foreigners gave to a Chinese secret society known as the Yihequan (“Righteous and Harmonious Fists”). The group practiced certain boxing and calisthenic rituals in the belief that this made them invulnerable. -
Fall of Richmond
Richmond was the capital of the confederate states. Richmond controlled all the power during this time.
