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Assasination of Archduke Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the heir of the Austro-Hungarian Throne. He was visiting the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia when he was shot dead by local terrorists. Austria-Hungary then declares war on Bosnia leading to WW1 (Secret Alliances made mostly every nation soon get involved.) Germany's discontempt of the war results would soon lead to WW2. http://imgc.allpostersimages.com/images/P-473-488-90/53/5394/BANJG00Z/posters/clive-uptton-the-assassination-of-archduke-franz-ferdinand.jpg -
Japan Makes 21 Demands On China
Was a set of demands by the Empire of Japan under the Prime Minister Okuma Shigenobu. Sent to the Government of China and resulted in 2 treaties with Japan by May 25th, 1915. -
Gallipolli Campaign
From (1915-January 9th, 1916) Ottoman Empire during WW1, joined British and French operation was to capture the Ottoman capital of Istanbul, and to secure the sea route of Russia. The attempt was a fail. Was considered one of the greatest victories of the Turks and looked as a major failure by Allied forces. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWgallip.jpg -
German Resumption of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
During WW1, this type of warfare was higly controversial. Resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany in early 1917. Was a key reason the United States entered conflict. Was then used again in WW2 but was banned finally by 1930 in London Naval Treaty. -
Bolsheveik Revolution
Was a potical revolution, and part of the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the city of Petrograd the revolution took over the russian government and gave the power to the local Soviets which were controlled by Bolsheveiks. Revolution was not well recognized outside of Petrograd which led to the Russian Civil War (1917-1923) -
Civil War of Russia
From (1918-November 1920) Was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire between the Bolshevik Red Army and White Army. Independent countries were soon established because of this war such as Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. Was a Bolshevik victory. Establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922. http://media.tiscali.co.uk/images/feeds/hutchinson/ency/0020n063.jpg -
Treaty Of Brest-Litovsk
Brought about the end of the war between Russia and Germany in 1918, and signed by central powers making Russia's exit from WW1. Gave some relief to Bolsheviks, who were tied up in fighting in the Russian Civil War. Independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Lithuania. http://www.historycentral.com/Europe/TreatyOfBL.jpg -
Paris Peace Conference
International meeting at Versailles just outside of Paris. The purpose of the meeting was to establish the terms of Peace after WW1. Lead to the Treaty Of Versailles. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/British_Air_Section_at_the_1919_Paris_Peace_Conference.jpg -
Mussolini Launches Facist Movement
Fascist Italian leader Benito Mussolini made Fascist combat groups. He gained support and made a political party in November 1921 known as P.N.F. In October 1922, Mussolini was made Prime Minister of Italy, and in 1925 announced his dictatorship which continued until July 1943. http://www.lamiasardegna.it/images/943/mussolini.jpg -
Lenin's Economic Policy
Lenin called it State Capitalism. The National Economic Plan allowed small buisnesses, or smoke shops to reopen and make a some private profit while the state still controlled the banks. Foreign trade and big industries, but the decree required farmers to give the government a specific amount of raw agricultural product as tax. Economic policy was soon replaced by Stalin's 5-Year Plan. -
Ataturk Proclaims the Republic of Turkey
Country Liberator, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, proclaimed the Republic of Turkey. Became a brand new nation-state. Ataturk's Turkey dedicated itself to the soveireignity of the national will. http://mw2.google.com/mw-panoramio/photos/medium/60981725.jpg -
First Soviet 5-Year Plan
(Guesstimated Day & Month) The First 5-Year Plan was introduced by Communist leader Stalin of the USSR in 1928. It concentrated on the development of Soviet Russia into a Industrial nation. Development of more iron, steel, machine-tools, electric power, and transport were focused on. Stalin demanded extreme production of coal and iron. Stalin always justified his ideals with that the Soviet Union needed to be able to defend itself against invasion from Capitalist countries in the West. -
US Stock Market Crash
The US Stock Market Crash was the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States. This stock market crash created the Depression, the severity of the depression did not end until 1947 when the United States became involved with WW2. Because of such demand for workers and supplies and soilders, the economy rose back up to its prime soon following the Baby Boom. http://msnbcmedia2.msn.com/j/msnbc/Components/Video/_NEW/50TH-ANNIVERSARY-1929-MARKET-CRASH.grid-4x2.jpg -
Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
From (1931- February 27th, 1932) Empire of Japan invades Mnchuria, Kwatung army, immediately follows the Mukden Incident. Japanese established city of Manchukuto until the end of WW2. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-V3BGF9WSiGw/TfxvZ2dtSiI/AAAAAAAAAYA/_-CZ1vu9dMQ/s1600/C__pia+de+a+Manchuria+_13_1+3.jpg -
Hitler Is Ruler In Germany
From (1934-April 30th, 1945) In 1932 the Nazi Party was the largest party in Budenstag. President of Germany Hidenburg died in 1933, Hitler then became Chancellor/Leader. Hitler convinced Budenstag to pass a motion making him ruler for life, Budenstag then voted itself out of existance. Making Hitler become full dictator of Germany. -
Sandino Is Murdered In Nicaragua
Sandino was killed by General Anastasio Somoza Garcia, who went on to seize more power in a coup d'etat 2 years later. Sandino's legacy was claimed Sandinista National Liberation Front S.N.L.F. which soon overthrew the Somoza Government in 1979. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_tBqi5ja-dgs/TJLRCLSQ2wI/AAAAAAAADaA/UYVog8xaChs/s1600/augusto-sandino-1.jpg -
Long March By Chinese Communists
From (1934-1935) Communist party and 3 Red Armies were pinned fown in the rural mountains of Jiangxi Province in Southern China. After the Nationalists launched a powerful offensive, Mao Zedong decided for the communists to flee their southern bases and relocate with communist forces in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia in Nothern China. Was not just one march but several. http://visitsichuan.org/images/explroe/History_tu_longmarchd.jpg -
Stalin's Great Purge In USSR
From (1937-1938) Was Stalin's way to eliminate political enemies and potential rivals in the ruiling elite. Was a series of campaigns of political opression and persecution. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSsiberia.jpg -
Invasion Of China By Japan
From (1937-September 2nd, 1945) Second Sino-Japanese War, was a military conflict between the Republic of China and Empire of Japan. China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany, but after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor it resulted into the Pacific War of WW2. Japan surrendered in 1945. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/IJA_troops_enter_Mukden.jpg/300px-IJA_troops_enter_Mukden.jpg -
German Auschluss With Austria
(Guesstimated Day and Month) Was the occupation and annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany. Hitler was determined to make a union with Anschluss and Austria. Wanted all German-Speaking nations in Europe to be part of Germany. http://www.xtimeline.com/__UserPic_Large/2947/ELT200710230600475465419.JPG -
Castro Nationalizes Oil Industry In Mexico
The Mexican Oil Expropriation, was the exproproation of all Oil reserves, fascilities, and foreign oil companies in Mexico during the time of 1938. Castro stated that all minerals and oil reserves found in the country of Mexico belonged to the nation. Article 27 of the Constition of 1917, soon produced boycott. http://www.tenorama.com/sites/default/files/styles/medium_400xh/public/fotoranking/fidel_castro.jpg -
Invasion of Poland By Germany
From (1939-October 6th, 1939) Nazi Leader Hitler claimed invasion was a defensive action but Britian and France were not convinced. As soon as Hitler invaded Poland (wanted more "breathing space" for German people), Britian and France declared war on Germany, thus WW2 started. http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lzzhyaWUF61qdn2pqo1_500.png -
German Invasion of USSR
From (1941-December 5th, 1941) "Operation Barbarossa" Was Hitler's desire to conquer Russian territorries, railroad connections, and overall oil plains. Axis conquers major areas of Soviet Union, and takes in heavy losses on Red Army, but fails in overall goal of defeating the USSR. http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSdJAUT6wipjwHVU59KHgnXeCRgr1U4cQqVVIKibZfqjDbLKYV5ZDmCxA4s -
Soviet Victory At Stalingrad
From (1942-February 2nd 1943) Nazi Germany fought the USSR for control of the city of Stalingrad in southwestern Russia. It was the largest battle on the eastern front and with a huge number on casualties on both sides but in the end the Soviet Union took home the victory and from there the German pushback started kicking into place. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/German_pows_stalingrad_1943.jpg/300px-German_pows_stalingrad_1943.jpg -
D-Day, Invasion of Normady
From (1944-Mid July 1944) Known as "Operation Neptune" was the Allied forces planned invasion of Normady during WW2 against the Axis Powers (by this time the Allied forces focused on Germany) Invasion was constructed by Airbourne assault, airbourne troops, and amphibious landings. -
Capture of Berlin By Soviet Forces
Part of the German pushback, became one of the last final offensives for the USSR, ended with the Soviet and Polish victory. German Leader Adolf Hitler then commits suicide, the surrender of the city and the country of Germany by May 8th-9th, 1945. http://listverse.files.wordpress.com/2007/08/20060402202418reichstag-flag.jpg -
Establishment of United Nations
International Organization, was established in the 20th century. League of Nations was founded in Paris Peace Conference but was soon replaced by the United Nations after WW2. http://uniosil.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/United-Nations.jpg -
Division of Berlin & Germany
Victorious Allied forces reached Postdam Agreement. Would commence with the division of defeated Germany into 4 temporary occupation zones. The capital of Berlin was also divided into 4 parts between the French, British, American, and Soviet. http://www.ngfl-cymru.org.uk/vtc/ngfl/history/gcse_usa_rev_elander/berlin.JPG -
Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
In the final moments of WW2, Allied forces agreed to the Atomic Bombing of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Known as the Pacific War at the time (U.S.A. VS. Japan) With the official acceptance from U.S.A. President Harry S. Truman, the bombs "Little Boy" and "Fat Man" resulted in the millions of deaths of Japanese citizens. Immediate surrender of Japan in WW2 a week after bombings. http://ronabbass.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/hiroshima-bombing.jpg -
Partition of India
The Partition of India was the freedom granted from colonial rule, set up an example to Israel, which demanded a seperate homeland because of differences between the Arabs and the Jews. http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/44059000/gif/_44059547_map_1947-2007_629.gif -
Apartheid In South Africa
From (1948-1994) The National Party of South Africa put in a new system of high segregation, designed to seperate black and white South Americans. Used to oppress, dominate, and control black civilians, and to praise white South American civilians. -
Creation of Israel
The state of Israel declares itself independent. Homeland of the Jewish people, Israeli independence would soon have struggles and conflicts with Palestenians and wars with Arab states. http://www.kumah.org/uploaded_images/state-of-israel-is-born-762233.jpg -
Arab-Israel War
From (1948-March 10th 1949) War fought between the people/State of Israel and Arab States (including Palestine Arab Forces.) Israel was fighting for independence, but was the first in a series of many wars to come between the Arab's and Israeli's. http://www.jerusalem-insiders-guide.com/images/flagateilat1948-wiki-publicdomain.jpg -
Establishment of NATO
After WW2. Known as North Atlantic Treaty Organization, N.A.T.O. was a military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty. Mutual defense between the U.S.A. and other Allied powers. Created out of the tension between the USSR and to keep Germany in control. -
Establishment of People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China was officially established, with the national capital being Beijing. Mao Zedong became leader. Designed society in classes by workers, peasants, bourgeoise, and national capitalists. http://www.doyouneedvisa.com/flags/CN/cn.normal.png -
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Korean War
North Korean Army went across 38th Parrallel boundary between Soviet-Backed Democratic People's Republic of China to the north. And the South Korean part being supported by Pro-Western republic. Invasion of military was the spark for the Cold War. American troops entered on behalf of the Southern Korean's. War between con-pro communism! Korean Penninsula is still divided to this day! -
French Defeat At Dien Bien Phu
From (1954-May 7th, 1954) In northwest Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh's forces deafeated the French at Dien Bien Phu. It was a French stronghold, but the defeat signaled the end of French colonial influence in Indochina and opened the division of Vietnam along the 17th parallel at the Conference of Geneva. http://padresteve.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/french-at-dien-bien-phu.jpg -
Algerian War of Liberation
From (1954-March 19th, 1962) France's president Charles De Gaulle gives Algeria their independence. War would end more than 130 years of French colonial rule over Algeria. War between the French and Algerian people was charecterized by Guerilla warfare. http://www.informationwar.org/warsxgallery/algeria.jpg -
Establishment of Warsaw Pact
Mutual defence treaty between 8 communist states of Eastern Europe. The Warsaw Pact was a USSR military responce to the intergration of West Germany. Was conflicting against NATO and would soon lead to the Cold War. http://www.learnnc.org/lp/media/uploads/2010/03/warsaw_pact_mercator_nolines2.png -
Suez Crisis
Was a conflict between Great Britian, France, Israel, and Egypt. Nationalization of Universal Company of the ship canal of Suez, Gamal Abdel Nasser, felt the canal should be under Egyptian Rule. Angry British, and French politicians joined forces with Israel, in an attack against Israel United Nations cease fire and end of Britian's role as superpower. -
Great Leap Foward In China
(Guesstimated Day and Month-1961) Was a push by communist leader Mao Zedong to change China to a modern industrial society in just 5 years. Daily tasks of citizens were collectivized, Mao hoped to increase agricultural output. Was a fail. http://www.mastersoftrivia.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/cultural-revolution.jpg -
Castro Comes To Power In Cuba
Came to power due to corruption that was taking place under leader Fulgencio Batista. Castro would be the Leader of the Cuban Revolution. http://neorepublica.com/media/blogs/republica/Castro_Assuming_Power.jpg -
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Sino-Soviet Rift
The worsening of the political and idealogical relations between the People's Republic of China and the USSR during the Cold War until finally they cut off ties from each other. Basically, CHINA'S LEADER MAO ZEDONG DID NOT WANT TO BE FRIENDS WITH THE SOVIET UNION NO MORE. -
Construction of Berlin Wall
Was a barrier that was built, cut off west Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin. Was officially referred to as the "Anti-Fascist Protection Rampart" or in most cases "Iron Curtain." Wall soon started collapsing on October 14th, 1989. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Tna_gibQiAc/R2nzgdXot4I/AAAAAAAAAHM/e_8BEuL1Vr0/s400/construction+of+the+Berlin+Wall.jpg -
Creation of P.L.O.
Also known as Palestinian Liberation Organization, leader Mahmoud Abbas called for an independent state in the territory of Mandate Palestine. The group used multi-layered guerilla tactics to attack Israel from their bases in Jordan. http://www.plomission.us/uploads/images/flag1.jpg -
US Troops In Vietnam
To help out with the Civil War during the war between North and Southern Korea U.S. Troops were sent to go help and protect the Southern Part of Korea against Communist Leaders lead by Mao Zedong. -
Revolution In Iran
From (1978-February 1979) Was the overthrow of Iran's monarchy, was replaced with an Islamic Republic with the leader being Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, but the revolution soon lead to the Iran-Iraq War. http://flashtrafficblog.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/iran-flag.jpg?w=614 -
Iran-Iraq War
From (1980-August 20th 1988) War between Iraq and Iran broke out. Fueled by religious differences and dispute over ownership of Shait-Al-Arab Waterway, war was between Sunni Muslim Iraq Government and mainly Shite Government of Iran. http://www.worldology.com/Iraq/images/iran_iraq_war_pretext.jpg -
Collapse of USSR
From (1985-December 23rd, 1991) The Union of the Soviet Socialist Republic collapsed. It left all 15 republics of the Soviet Union as independent sovereign states. It was the ending of the worlds largest communist state at the time and also the ending of the Cold War. http://img1.photographersdirect.com/img/15486/wm/pd1914596.jpg -
Soviet Withdrawal From Afghanistan
PictureFrom (1988-February 15th, 1989) Under the Geneva records on April 15th, 1988, Afghanistan and Pakistan signed 3-instruments on principles of mutual relations. One being Non-interferance, and another being non-intervention on the voluntary return of Afghan Refugees, and also Interrelationships for the settlement. http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/45475000/jpg/_45475285_soviet1989466.jpg -
Persian Gulf War
From (1990-February 28th, 1991) Iraq Leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of the neighboring Kuwait. Arab powers such as Saudi Arabia and Egypt called the U.S. and other Western forces to see what was the problem and intervene. Hussein defied the United Nations Security Council demands to leave Kuwait. Thus the Persian Gulf War began. http://www.historyguy.com/gulf_war_troops.jpg -
Reunification of Germany
Process in which the German Democratic Republic joined the Federal Republic of Germany, the city of Berlin was also reunited as a single city once again. http://jspivey.wikispaces.com/file/view/90CartUnifFlagJagged.jpg/34328213/363x228/90CartUnifFlagJagged.jpg -
Transfer of Hong Kong To China
Marked end of British Rule, and transfer of soveireignty of Hong Kong to China. http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/images/8/89/Hongkong2.jpg
