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1492
Christopher Columbus "finds" the New World
Christopher Columbus an explorer and a navigator, travels across the Atlantic Ocean hoping to find a route to get to China/India. Instead, he found himself in the Caribbean, which was when he "found" the New World. -
1492
Columbian Exchange Begins
Named after our boy Chris, the exchange was a trade between the New and Old World that involved technology, animals, plants, cultures, diseases, and other things. -
Period: 1492 to
European Exploration Era
This was a period of time in which multiple European countries traveled the world to find new trading routes and trading partners in order to increase their own wealth. -
Period: 1500 to
Triangular Trade
The trade between America, Europe, and Africa which consisted of raw materials, slaves, and manufactured products. -
Period: 1500 to
Middle Passage
The middle passage was the trip that slaves had to take to reach the New World in cramped boats. -
1520
Small Pox begins spreading to Native Americans
As a result of the Columbian exchange, the old world brought with it diseases that the natives had no pre-built immunity to them. -
1534
England splits from the Catholic Church
King Henry the VIII wanted to divorce his wife, but couldn't under the Catholic Church. So the obvious next step would be to split from the church and appoint yourself the leader of your new church, the Church of England. -
Jamestown, Virginia Colony founded
In 1607, the Virginia Company came to the New World to start a settlement. They picked Jamestown, and it became the first permanent settlement in the New World. -
Period: to
Colonial Era
This era covers the time before the revolution started and the establishment of the constitution. Also, I saw the numbers for this era and I started to think about Fetty Wap -
Tobacco introduced to the Virginia Colony by John Rolfe
John Rolfe introduced tobacco to the colony. The crop grew very well due to the very fertile soil and warm climate and became very easy to grow as a cash crop. -
Virginia House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was the first elected general assembly in the colonies, making it an example for the future on how to make a legislative body. -
Mayflower Compact
It was the first document to establish self-government in the New World/colonies. -
"City upon a hill" John Winthrop
John Winthrop used this phrase referring to Boston, saying that they were the model city for everyone else to see. -
Roger Williams founds Rhode Island
Williams founded Rhode Island as a place of religious tolerance and the separation of church and state. -
Harvard College founded in Massachusetts
Harvard was founded in 1636, making it the first institution of higher education in the New World. -
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
The orders were the first written constitution in the colonies, which stated and limited the powers of the government. -
Maryland Toleration Act
This act was meant to ensure freedom of religion for Christian settlers. -
Navigation Acts and Mercantilism
Mercantilism was the deal that the colonies would only trade deals with Britain and not other countries. The navigation acts said that all exports from the Americas had to go to Britain. -
Bacon's Rebellion
The rebellion started as a way to get a change in Virginia's Native American-Frontier policy. -
Period: to
Enlightenment Era
It was an intellectual movement that brought forth more ideas about religion and politics to the average person. This led to the beginning of the revolution. -
Salem Witch Trials
These were a series of prosecutions of people who were accused of performing witchcraft. -
Period: to
Salutary Neglect Policy
This policy says that Britain will let the colonies can break some of the laws, as long as they are making a profit and benefitting from the colonies. -
The Great Awakening
It was a religious revival that reintroduced the importance of religion to the people of the colonies. -
Georgia founded as a Debtor's
James Oglethorpe thought of the idea and presented it to Parliament. It was a way for people in debt to pay off their debts via labor. -
French and Indian War begins
The war begins over a land dispute near the upper Ohio River Valley between the British and the French -
Period: to
The Industrial Revolution
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French and Indian war ends
The war ends with the Treaty of Paris, leaving France with no more land in the New World. -
Proclamation Line of 1763
A British order that said that the colonists couldn't expand past the App. mountains -
Stamp Act
This act passed by parliament which imposed a tax on all paper goods and legal documents in the colonies. -
Boston Massacre
This was a confrontation between british soldiers and colonists, which ended with five people dead, and a very angry group of colonists thanks to Paul Revere and Samuel Adams -
Boston Tea Party
In response to the taxes imposed on them, the colonists decided to boycott British goods. Some rebels decided to dumb British tea into the Boston harbor. -
Intolerable Acts
Britain, in response to the Boston Tea Party, Britain passed the intolerable acts. This closed down the Boston Harbor as punishment to the colonies. -
Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense
Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense, which was a pamphlet that convinces people that rebellion is the right option if you have common sense. -
Declaration of Independence
This is the document that the colonies used to declare their independence from Britain which contains the grievances that the colonies had. -
Adam Smith Publishes "The Wealth of Nations"
Adam Smith wrote The Wealth of Nations, a book about the Free Market Economy, its pros and its cons. -
Winter at Valley Forge
The winter proved to be a great trial for the continental army as they suffered from starvation and cold weather. -
Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation served as the U.S's first constitution passed by the Second Continental Congress. It formed a weak federal gov't, so it didn't work out too well. -
Period: to
Abolition Movement
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Battle of Yorktown
This was the last major battle of the American Revolution, which ended with the British Army surrendering after being surrounded by both the colonists and the french. -
Shays' Rebellion
Shays' Rebellion was an uprising against increased taxes from the state gov't. This rebellion showed how weak the federal gov't was, as they couldn't do anything about this as they would be interfering with the state gov't. -
Federalist Papers
A series of essays written by Hamilton and friends to convince people to ratify the United States Consitution. -
Constitutional Convention/ Philadelphia Convention
Delegates from every state came together to discuss and write a new constitution to replace the Articles of Confederation. -
U.S Constitution
Consitution that followed the Articles of Confederation. This constitution called for a stronger federal government and a separation of powers. -
The Great Compromise
A compromise made by the big and small states that they would have a bicameral legislature, split into congress and the house of representatives. -
3/5ths Compromise
A compromise settled in the constitutional convention that stated that only 3 out of every 5 slaves would be counted towards a state's population. This was done to figure out the amount of representation slave states would get in the House of Representatives. -
Bill of Rights added to U.S Constitution
The bill of rights was the first amendment given to the U.S constitution. They lay out the basic civil rights and liberties that an American citizen has. -
French Revolution Begins
The French overthrow their monarchy, and are trying to make a better political system, as they were inspired by the American Revolution -
Washington elected 1st President
Washington gets elected unanimously to be the first president of the United States. -
Washington creates Presidential Cabinet
The cabinet was made to aid the president in making decisions. They were usually highly ranked people in legislature or had some expertise that the president didn’t have. -
Washington D.C. becomes new U.S. Capital
Written in the constitution, Washington D.C. would be the new capitol of the country, replacing Philadelphia role as the capitol. -
Period: to
The Second Great Awakening
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Whiskey Rebellion
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Alexander Hamilton gets Congress to approve National Bank
Hamilton proposed the idea of having a national bank with a national currency, which would make financial situations easier. The creation of the bank made it easier to establish a federal system to collect taxes for the gov’t -
Cotton Gin and Interchangeable Parts invented by Eli Whitney
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Washington's Farewell Address
Washington, after 8 years of being in office, writes the Farewell Address as his final advice to America on how to run the country without ruining it. He writes about avoiding foreign events, and avoiding the two party system. -
First Two Party System Created (Dem-Rep vs Federalist)
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John Adams (Federalist) Elected 2nd President
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XYZ Affair
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Alien and Sedition Acts
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Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
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Election of 1800 and the start of the Jeffersonian Era
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The Market Revolution Begins
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Cult of Domesticity begins
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Period: to
Manifest Destiny
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Thomas Jefferson (Dem-Rep) elected 3rd President
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Steam Locomotive invented in Great Britain
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Louisiana Purchase
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Marbury vs Madison
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James Madison (Dem-Rep) elected 4th President
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British Impressment of U.S. sailors
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War Hawks in Congress support War against the British
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War of 1812 begins
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Treaty of Ghent
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Francis Scott Key writes the Star Spangled Banner
Scott Key, trapped on a British ship, watches the British attack on Fort McHenry. After the attack, he sees an American flag still standing. This inspires him, and he writes what it now our National Anthem -
Federalist Party collapses
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Period: to
Era of Good Feelings
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Tariff of 1816
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James Monroe (Dem-Rep) elected 5th President
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Adam-Onis Treaty/ Spain ceded Florida to U.S.
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Compromise of 1820
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Universal Male Suffrage begins to rise
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Monroe Doctrine
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Henry Clay's "American System"
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Eerie Canal built
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John Quincy Adams (Dem-Rep) elected 6th President
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Lowell, Massachussetts Textile Mills employ Women
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Andrew Jackson (Dem) elected 7th President
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Second Two Party System is created (Dems vs Whigs)
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Indian Removal Act
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Abolitionist Movement begins
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Congress passes Preemption Acts
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Trail of Tears begins
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William Lloyd Garrison publishes Abolitionist Newspaper "The Liberator"
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Andrew Jackson vetoes National Bank
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Nullification Crisis
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Texas Revolution and Independence from Mexico
This was a revolution against Mexico, as Texas didn't like Mexican Law. -
Horace Mann advocates for Public Schools
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Increased Irish and German Immigration to the North
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Federal support given to Samuel Morse to construct Telegraph Lines
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Dorothea Dix advocates for Mentally Ill and Prison Reform
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James K Polk elected US President (Democrat)
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Irish Potato Famine begins
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Texas Annexation by the United States
Texas joins the United States after being its own republic, separate from Mexico. It becomes the 28th state. -
Frederick Douglass Publishes Autobiography “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave”
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Oregon Territory divided between British and U.S
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Mexican American War begins
The Mexican-American War begins, due to a border dispute between Mexico and the United States. The border in question was Texas' southern border. -
Wilmot Proviso
The Wilmot Proviso was an attempt to outlaw slavery in the Mexican Cession. It was unsuccessful, but it made the issue of slavery be more apparent in the political landscape of America. -
Seneca Falls Convention
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: Mexican American War ends
The treaty officially ended the Mexican American War and settled Texas' border to be the Rio Grande River. It also gave American the possession of the Mexican Cession, which would end up being split into more states. -
Mexican Cession
The Mexican Cession is a territory given to the United States by Mexico, as settled in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. It was ceded to the United States for $15 million. -
Free Soil Movement begins
The Free Soil Movement formed a political party, whose main goal was to stop the spread of slavery into the new western territories. -
California Gold Rush
The Gold Rush occurred after gold was found in Sutter's Mill in California, which would prompt many people to head west in attempts of finding gold. Most wouldn't find any, but this rush increased the population in the new territories. -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 admitted California as a free state, stopped the slave trade in Washington D.C., let Utah and New Mexico practice popular sovereignty, and enforced the Fugitive Slave Act. -
Fugitive Slave Law passed in Compromise of 1850
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Harriet Tubman begins using Underground Railroad
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Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes "Uncle Tom's Cabin"
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Gadsen Purchase
The Gadsen Purchase was a territory that the United States bought from Mexico for $10 million. The purchase was made to be able to elongate the transcontinental railroad. -
Kansas Nebraska Act
The Kansas Nebraska Act let the new territories of both Kansas and Nebraska on whether slavery was to be allowed in their respective states via the use of Popular Sovereignty. This will eventually cause Bleeding Kansas. -
Republican Party created
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Bleeding Kansas begins
As a result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, people flocked to the territories to try to sway the vote to their ideals on slavery. This would lead to violent confrontations between people who were pro-slavery and anti-slavery. -
Caning of Senator Sumner
Senator Sumner was caned by a pro-slavery southerner who he had criticized in a speech. -
Dred Scott v. Stanford
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John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry, Virginia
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Republican Abraham Lincoln wins Presidential Election of 1860
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Seven Southern States Secede from the Union, Forming the Confederate States of America
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Democrat Jefferson Davis elected President of the Confederacy
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Battle of Fort Sumter
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Lincoln suspends Habeas Corpus
Lincoln suspends Habeas Corpus, which let's the military be able to arrest and detain people who they thought were trying to interfere with their cause. -
Period: to
The Civil War
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Emancipation Proclamation
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Homestead Act
Act that promoted migration westward, with the promise of land after five years of living there. -
Battle of Vicksburg
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Battle of Gettysburg
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Gettysburg Address
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Freedmens Bureau Created
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Sharecropping begins in the South
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Black Codes first passed in the South
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Ku Klux Klan formed
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Scalawags and Carpetbaggers
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Gen. Lee Surrenders to Gen. Grant at Appomattox Court House
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President Abraham Lincoln Assassinated by John Wilkes Booth
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President Andrew Johnson Becomes President
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Johnson Pardons the South
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Radical Republicans Champion for Black Civil Rights in Congress
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13th Amendment
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Period: to
Reconstruction Era
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14th Amendment
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Impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
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Transcontinental Railroad completed
The transcontinental railroad, a railroad that spans across the entire country west to east, was finished. Mainly built by Chinese immigrants = -
15th Amendment
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Hiram Rhode Revels Becomes First African American in Congress (Senate)
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Industrialization begins to boom
Factories and Industry become more common around the country, which causes an increased demand for unskilled labor. -
Social Darwinism Theory gains popularity
Darwinism and the idea of "survival of the fittest", starting being applied to social classes and the economy during the Gilded Age. -
Nativism Spreads
As there was an increase of immigration to the U.S, there was a spread of nativism, people who believed that immigrants were worse than US-born citizens -
"New South" wants industrialization
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Standard Oil Company founded by John D Rockefeller
Rockefeller founds Standard Oil and starts to dominate the oil industry, creating jobs and a monopoly. -
Jim Crow Laws begin in South
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Boss Tweed Rise at Tammany Hall
Political Bosses, such as Tweed, started to have more increased political power as immigration rose. This made elections very rigged -
Period: to
Gilded Age
The timespan in the United States usually known for its big economic boom, but also had some shady political practices thrown into the mix. -
3rd wave of Immigration: "New Immigration"
More migration to the U.S, causing population increase and more industrialization -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act prevented the immigration of Chinese into the US due to the increased feeling of nativism -
Pendleton Act
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Haymarket Massacre
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Dawes Act
The Dawes Act removed Natives from their land, in an attempt to merge them with urban society -
Interstate Commerce Act
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Andrew Carnegie's "Gospel of Wealth"
Carnegie wrote his book about philanthropy, stating that people who are rich should give back since they're better than the lower class people. -
Chicago's Hull House started by Jane Addams
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act
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How the Other Half Lives
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Period: to
Progressive Era
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Carnegie Steel Company founded by Andrew Carnegie
Carnegie starts to get a monopoly over steel, as it's vital to create buildings. If you wanted to build a building, you had to go through Carnegie -
Homestead Steel Labor Strike
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Pullman Labor Strike
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Plessy v Ferguson Supreme Court Case
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Period: to
Theodore Roosevelt
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The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
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Pure Food and Drug Act
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NAACP started by W.E.B Du Bois
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Period: to
William Howard Taft
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16th Amendment
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Federal Reserve Act
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Period: to
Woodrow Wilson
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17th Amendment
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National Parks System
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18th Amendment
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19th Amendment
