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Cold War
Ideological conflict between the United States and the Union of Societ Socialist Republics. The conflict started 1947 and ended 1991. -
Truman Doctrine (Economic)
Gave $400 million in economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey to fend off communism & stay safe. -
Marshall Plan (ERP) (Economic)
- European Recovery Plan
- 16 countries received aid
- $13 billion in aid given to rebuild
- Soviet Union said no to help in East Europe
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Berlin Airlift
- Stalin cut off supplies into West Berlin
- The United States airlift food & supplies into the city
- Lasted for 11 months
- Stalin reopened supply lines
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NATO (Political, Military)
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- Collective Security
- Alliance to support one another military
- Had to be a democracy
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Korean War (1950-1953)
A war between North Korea and South Korea. North Korea was supported by China and the Soviet Union, and South Korea by the United States. The line that divided the two was called 38th parallel. The invasion by North Korea was the first military act of the Cold War. Ended in Stalemate. -
SEATO (Political, Military)
- South East Asian Treaty Organization
- United States + 7 other nations
- To prevent the Domino Theory
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Israeli-Palestinian conflict
In 1954, the UN tried to appease the Jews and Palestinians. The Jews ignited a war between Israel and surrounding Muslim nations when they proclaimed Palestine. It became a Cold War matter when the Soviet Union supported the Arab-Muslims and the US supported the Jews. Both the US and the Soviet Union wanted the oil that they had. -
Geneva Accords
Peace agreement that divided Vietnam into communist controlled North VIetnam and non-communist South Vietnam until unification elections could be held in 1956 -
Space Race
The Cold war consisted of a "Space Race" between the United States and the Soviet Union. It resulted in the Soviet Union launching the first satellites, "Sputnik", while the United States was the first country to go to the moon. -
Eisenhower Doctrine (Economic)
- Like the Truman Doctrine but for the Middle East
- Offered economic & military support if communism threatened the Middle East
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Moon Landing
1959 - The Soviet Union touches the moon with the first human-made object
1969 - NASA achieves the first moon landing with humans -
Guerilla Warfare
FIghting by stealth and with small bands that make surprise raids against stronger forces -
Silent Majority
A name was given by President Richard Nixon to the moderate, mainstream Americans who quietly supported his Vietnam War politics -
Credibility Gap
A public distrust of statements made by the government -
John F Kennedy (D) 1960-1963
1961 - Berlin Wall, failed attempt to overthrow Castro (Bay of Pigs)
1962 - U.S. President JFK and Soviet Premiere Khrushchev involve the world in the Cuban Missile Crisis
1963 - JFK is shot and killed in Dallas, Texas -
Vietcong
The SOuth Vietnamese communists who, with North Vuetnamese support, fought against the government of South VIetnam in the VIetnam War -
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
A resolution adopted by COngress in 1964 giving the president broad powers to wage war in VIetnam -
Tet Offensive
A massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on SOuth Vietnamese towns and cities early in 1968 -
Vietnamization
President Nixon's strategy for ending U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, involving the gradual withdrawal of United States troops and their replacement with South Vietnmaese forces -
War Powers Act
Law enacted in 1973, limiting a president's right to send troops into battle without consideration -
Jimmy Carter (D) 1976-1980
1979 - Afghanistan is invaded by the Soviets
1980 - The United States supports freedom fighters
1980 - The United States protests and boycotts the Moscow Summer Olympics
1980 - "Miracle on Ice" occurs during the WInter Olympics -
Amnesty
A pardon given by President Jimmy Carter in 1977, to most of the 10.000 Vietnam era draft evaders
