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Benjamin Franklin suggests adding Art Education to Nation's Curricula
Benjamin Franklin encouraged schools to provide a variety of resources to students in his Proposals Relating to the Education of Youth in Pensilvania. This included teaching physical activity, fine arts, mathematics, grammar, literature, sciences, history, proper diet, and morality (Proposals Relating to the Education of Youth in Pensilvania, n.d.). Being a Founding Father, Benjamin had great sway over the future of education both public and private. -
Horace Mann appointed to Massachusettes Board of Education
In the pulpit of the Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education, Horace Mann taught Unitarian Christian values (Warder, 2017). -
"The Common School Journal" created by Horace Mann
Horace Mann created and edited "The Common School Journal" to advocate his ideas of reformation in public education (Warder, 2017). -
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Reconstruction Period: Desegregation in Southern public schools
The Reconstruction Period took place from 1865 to 1877 after the Civil War time, public schools started to become funded by the Southern States. These schools were desegregated until white supremacist politicians took office and reverted these advances ((H)Our History Lesson: Booker T. Washington, Julius Rosenwald, and Modernized Schools (U.S. National Park Service), n.d.). -
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Charles Sanders Peirce teaches at Johns Hopkins University
Charles Sanders Peirce held a teaching of Johns Hopkins University where he taught a large selection of individuals with significant historical influence. These include Oscar Howard Mitchell, Allan Marquand, Thorstein Veblen, and, most notably, John Dewey (Burch & Parker, 2022). -
William Minife advocated for Art Education
William Minife advocated for art education to teach artistic taste and allow the industry to search for talent. Massachusetts would add drawing to their schools shortly after (Whitford, 1923). -
World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago
World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago inspired many as paper, pencils, crayons, paints, and brushes were improving. Improvement of art in schools followed (Witford, 1923). -
Dewey published the pamphlet "The School and Society"
John Dewey was first made famous with his published pamphlet “The School and Society” where he encouraged students to be active in their learning with hands-on experience on projects as opposed to route memorization (Gibbon, 2019) -
Rockefeller established GED (General Education Board)
John D. Rockefeller and Frederick Gates founded the General Education Board (GEB) as a philanthropic project to promote education in the USA without racial or religious discrimination (Philanthropy in America, an Historical and Strategic Overview, n.d.). -
Carnegie created the Carnegie Institute in Washington D.C.
Andrew Carnegie created the Carnegie Institute in Washington D.C., and this was a valuable contribution because it allowed for interdisciplinary research in geophysics, botany, nutrition, astronomy, and various other fields (Philanthropy in America, an Historical and Strategic Overview, n.d.). -
Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT) became established
Carnegie founded (CFAT) in a philanthropic venture that had many functions such as the study of the needs of students in American higher education (Philanthropy in America, an Historical and Strategic Overview, n.d.). -
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Julius Rosenwald donated to the Tuskegee Institute
Julius Rosenwald had a strong interest in Black Education. Therefore, he donated to the Tuskegee Institute which was then followed by massive donations that assisted in the construction of 5,357 public schools (Philanthropy in America, an Historical and Strategic Overview, n.d.). -
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