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Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Extreme Leaders -
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand 'Austria-Hungary' by a Serbian man sparked the start of WW1.
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Central Powers: Russia, France, England
Allied Powers: Italy, Austria-Hungary, Germany -
The eastern front is between Germany and Russia. The western front is between France and Germany
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American women and minorities got jobs after med were drafted to war. The men being drafted meant that jobs needed to be filled. After the war was over and the men had returned, they all lost their jobs.
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About: Espioange act (Did it violate the 1st amendment)
Schneck lost (Supreme Court ruled in did not violate) -
The U.S. shifted to engagement for many reasons. 1.) Both Fronts were stalemated 2.) Germany kept attacking using U-Boats (Unwarned: sank U.S. ships) 3.) Zimmerman Note
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President Harding's proposal to bring America back to how things were before the war.
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The fear of communism in the 1920's.
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Wet: Against Prohibition
Dry: For Prohibition -
Liberals: Fight against traditions, challenge them
Conservatives: didn't like change, wanted to keep traditions -
African American culture showcased through literature, poetry, art and music.
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Another nickname for the 1920's
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President Harding had appointed personal friends as members for his cabinet. Some of these members were involved in government corruption such as the secretary of Interior leasing oil-rich land in return for bribes.
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Belief that white, protestant Americans were superior to all others. Became the basis for distrust of immigrants coming to America.
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Women displaying their new found freedom by dressing more provocatively, smoking, drinking and speaking "unladylike"
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The movement of African Americans from the Southern countryside to Northern cities and the increasing visibility of black culture
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He flew The Spirit of St. Louis across the Atlantic nonstop and solo, direct from New York City to Paris, as the first solo transatlantic flight
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Limited the amount of incoming immigrants to the US.
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Because of their immigrant background and belief in anarchy they were executed for the crime of murder on very weak evidence.
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A mob king in Chicago who controlled a large network of speakeasies with enormous profits. His illegal activities convey the failure of prohibition in the twenties and the problems with gangs.
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an arrangement for payment by installment
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Raids conducted during 1st red scare to identify/ punish suspected communists
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Easy Credit, Farmers Debt, Industrial overproduction/overexpansion, growing unemployment, Maldistribution of wealth, stock market problems, bad banking system, government inaction,
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A bank run occurs when a large number of customers of a bank or other financial institution withdraw their deposits simultaneously over concerns of the bank's solvency.
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Relief- Money, food, shelter
Recovery- Programs aimed at industial/agricultural recovery, jobs
Reform- Lasting changes, built in safeguards -
Movement in 1920 that emphasized the literal interpretation of the Bible as fundamental to Christian life and teaching.
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Buying on credit and paying it back over time with interest
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The purchasing of stocks by paying only a small percentage (10%) of the price and borrowing the rest.
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Banned the manufacturing, selling, and transportation of alcohol.
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A person who made and smuggled alcohol in the 1920s.
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An illegal bar that served liquor during prohibition.
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Women Suffrage: Women's right to vote
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Something that is popular for a short time, then forgotten.
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Fear of immigrants
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As time passes, an economy will tend to bounce back. Consumers buy surplus goods, and companies increase production to meet the demand. Soon more workers are hired and unemployment drops. This up and down pattern is known as the business cycle.
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A plan to resolve the ww1 reparations that Germany had to pay
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A name given to the president Hoover for making his own success.
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an international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be"
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Many homeless people during the great depression had to live in shantytowns otherwise known as Hoovervilles. (Named after the president)
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closings of banks for days during the great depression
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The New York stock market on wall street crashed. If fell further on "black Tuesday". This resulted in low stock prices
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When stock prices fell over $10 million.
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A government program to help the needy.
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Western Plains hit by a drought where the soil was so dry, that blows away in clouds of dirt.
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Laws and regulations put into place by Teddy Roosevelt put into place to bring the economy back from the depression.
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New deal program; provided employment in government camps
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The Tennessee Valley Authority hired people to build dams and generators, bringing electricity and jobs to communities in the Tennessee River valley.
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Veterans who marched in Washington to demand immediate bonus for serving in ww1.
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1st woman appointed into the cabinet by Teddy Roosevelt.
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The Social Security Act was passed in 1935 provided some financial security for the elderly, the disabled children, and the unemployed.
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Nationalism was the direct cause: Nazi Party (Germany)
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Commissioned by the SS in 1938
Transferred to the Lelbstandarte Adolf Hitler -
destruction or slaughter on a mass scale, especially caused by fire or nuclear war.
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Bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941.
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Rosie the Riveter is a cultural icon of World War II, representing the women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, many of whom produced munitions and war supplies.
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8,607 Allied troops were killed in action
11,171 German troops were killed in action -
Started December 16th and Ended January 16th/January25
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The Germans wanted to keep the allies from their main sources for fuel and supplies, and the wanted to get Antwerp.
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He was the commander of the 4th Armored Division. He died on December 21, 1945.
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Hitler created the plan.
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Zaar is considered to be the industrial heart of Germany during WW2.
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This was the day during the battle of the bulge when the weather cleared and aircrafts could fly. Turning the battle in a 180 to benefit the Allied powers.
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The Enigma machine was the German's way of communicating using a code.
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The German U-Boats fought many allied ships and attacked secretly.
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the day in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy.
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East: Under the domination of the Soviet Union - communist
West: Occupied by America, Brittain, and France - democratic -
The United Nations was formed near the end of World War II to create a body for the nations of the world to try to prevent future global wars
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During World War II, Victory Gardens were planted by families in the United States (the Home Front) to help prevent a food shortage. This meant food for everyone! Planting Victory Gardens helped make sure that there was enough food for our soldiers fighting around the world.
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Arms Race (built up huge nuclear arsenals), Atomic Explosion, Technology on both sides
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the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or Communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the Communists as an open declaration of the Cold War.
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In September of 1954, the United States, France, Great Britain, New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Pakistan formed the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization or SEATO. SEATO Meeting in Manila. The purpose of the organization was to prevent communism from gaining ground in the region.
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The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union with its satellite states, and the United States with its allies after World War II.
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Containment was a United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad. A component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge its communist sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, and Vietnam.
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Provided massive financial aid to rebuilt European economies and prevent to spread of communism
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NATO is a formal alliance between the territories of North American and Europe. From its inception, its main purpose was to defend each other from the possibility of the communist Soviet Union taking control of their nation.
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The Korean War (1950-1953) began when the North Korean Communist army crossed the 38th Parallel and invaded non-Communist South Korea. As Kim Il-sung's North Korean army, armed with Soviet tanks, quickly overran South Korea, the United States came to South Korea's aid.
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In April 1951, President Truman fired MacArthur and replaced him with Gen. Matthew Ridgeway. On April 11, Truman addressed the nation and explained his actions. ... General MacArthur had been fired “so that there would be no doubt or confusion as to the real purpose and aim of our policy.”
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Stalemate:
- North Korea remains Communist
-South Korea remains Democratic -
China, the Soviet Union, and the United States
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China had become communist in 1949 and communists were in control of North Vietnam. The USA was afraid that communism would spread to South Vietnam and then the rest of Asia. It decided to send money, supplies and military advisers to help the South Vietnamese Government.
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Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev saw an opportunity to strengthen the relationship between the Soviet Union and Fidel Castro's Cuba and make good its promise to defend Cuba from the United States. In May 1960, Khrushchev began to ship ballistic missiles to Cuba and technicians to operate them.
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more than $141-billion
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Military involvement in the war ended by pulling troops out but providing aid to those nations still fighting.
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Many Americans opposed the war on moral grounds, appalled by the devastation and violence of the war. Others claimed the conflict was a war against Vietnamese independence, or an intervention in a foreign civil war; others opposed it because they felt it lacked clear objectives and appeared to be unwinnable.
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a notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989.
