-
MAINE causes of war
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Extreme Leaders -
"The Spark" of WW1
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand 'Austria-Hungary' by a Serbian man sparked the start of WW1. -
The Alliances
Central Powers: Russia, France, England
Allied Powers: Italy, Austria-Hungary, Germany -
Eastern and Western Fronts of WW1
The eastern front is between Germany and Russia. The western front is between France and Germany -
Jobs during WW1
American women and minorities got jobs after med were drafted to war. The men being drafted meant that jobs needed to be filled. After the war was over and the men had returned, they all lost their jobs. -
Schneck v. United States
About: Espioange act (Did it violate the 1st amendment)
Schneck lost (Supreme Court ruled in did not violate) -
Neutrality to Engagement (ww1)
The U.S. shifted to engagement for many reasons. 1.) Both Fronts were stalemated 2.) Germany kept attacking using U-Boats (Unwarned: sank U.S. ships) 3.) Zimmerman Note -
"Return to Normalcy"
President Harding's proposal to bring America back to how things were before the war. -
Red Scare
The fear of communism in the 1920's. -
Wet/Dry
Wet: Against Prohibition
Dry: For Prohibition -
Liberals/Conservatives
Liberals: Fight against traditions, challenge them
Conservatives: didn't like change, wanted to keep traditions -
Harlem Renaissance
African American culture showcased through literature, poetry, art and music. -
Roaring 20's
Another nickname for the 1920's -
Teapot Dome Scandal
President Harding had appointed personal friends as members for his cabinet. Some of these members were involved in government corruption such as the secretary of Interior leasing oil-rich land in return for bribes. -
Nativism
Belief that white, protestant Americans were superior to all others. Became the basis for distrust of immigrants coming to America. -
Flapper
Women displaying their new found freedom by dressing more provocatively, smoking, drinking and speaking "unladylike" -
The Great Migration
The movement of African Americans from the Southern countryside to Northern cities and the increasing visibility of black culture -
Charles Lindbergh
He flew The Spirit of St. Louis across the Atlantic nonstop and solo, direct from New York City to Paris, as the first solo transatlantic flight -
Emergency Quota Act
Limited the amount of incoming immigrants to the US. -
Sacco + Vanzetti
Because of their immigrant background and belief in anarchy they were executed for the crime of murder on very weak evidence. -
Al Capone
A mob king in Chicago who controlled a large network of speakeasies with enormous profits. His illegal activities convey the failure of prohibition in the twenties and the problems with gangs. -
Installment Plan
an arrangement for payment by installment -
Palmer Raids
Raids conducted during 1st red scare to identify/ punish suspected communists -
Causes of The Great Depression
Easy Credit, Farmers Debt, Industrial overproduction/overexpansion, growing unemployment, Maldistribution of wealth, stock market problems, bad banking system, government inaction, -
Bank Run
A bank run occurs when a large number of customers of a bank or other financial institution withdraw their deposits simultaneously over concerns of the bank's solvency. -
3 R's
Relief- Money, food, shelter
Recovery- Programs aimed at industial/agricultural recovery, jobs
Reform- Lasting changes, built in safeguards -
Fundamentalism
Movement in 1920 that emphasized the literal interpretation of the Bible as fundamental to Christian life and teaching. -
Installment Buying
Buying on credit and paying it back over time with interest -
Buying on Margin
The purchasing of stocks by paying only a small percentage (10%) of the price and borrowing the rest. -
18th Amendment
Banned the manufacturing, selling, and transportation of alcohol. -
Bootlegger
A person who made and smuggled alcohol in the 1920s. -
Speakeasy
An illegal bar that served liquor during prohibition. -
19th Amendment
Women Suffrage: Women's right to vote -
Fad
Something that is popular for a short time, then forgotten. -
Xenophobia
Fear of immigrants -
Business Cycle
As time passes, an economy will tend to bounce back. Consumers buy surplus goods, and companies increase production to meet the demand. Soon more workers are hired and unemployment drops. This up and down pattern is known as the business cycle. -
The Dawes Plan
A plan to resolve the ww1 reparations that Germany had to pay -
"Boy Wonder"
A name given to the president Hoover for making his own success. -
The Kellogg-Briand Pact
an international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be" -
Hoovervilles
Many homeless people during the great depression had to live in shantytowns otherwise known as Hoovervilles. (Named after the president) -
Bank Holiday
closings of banks for days during the great depression -
Stock Market Crash
The New York stock market on wall street crashed. If fell further on "black Tuesday". This resulted in low stock prices -
Black Tuesday
When stock prices fell over $10 million. -
Relief Program
A government program to help the needy. -
Dust Bowl
Western Plains hit by a drought where the soil was so dry, that blows away in clouds of dirt. -
New Deal
Laws and regulations put into place by Teddy Roosevelt put into place to bring the economy back from the depression. -
Civilian Conservation Corps
New deal program; provided employment in government camps -
The Tennessee Valley Authority
The Tennessee Valley Authority hired people to build dams and generators, bringing electricity and jobs to communities in the Tennessee River valley. -
Bonus Army
Veterans who marched in Washington to demand immediate bonus for serving in ww1. -
Frances Perkins
1st woman appointed into the cabinet by Teddy Roosevelt. -
The Social Security Act
The Social Security Act was passed in 1935 provided some financial security for the elderly, the disabled children, and the unemployed. -
Direct cause of WW11
Nationalism was the direct cause: Nazi Party (Germany) -
Joachim Peiper
Commissioned by the SS in 1938
Transferred to the Lelbstandarte Adolf Hitler -
Holocaust
destruction or slaughter on a mass scale, especially caused by fire or nuclear war. -
What led to U.S. entry in WW2
Bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941. -
Rosie the Riveter
Rosie the Riveter is a cultural icon of World War II, representing the women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, many of whom produced munitions and war supplies. -
How many Troops were injured in the Battle of the bulge?
8,607 Allied troops were killed in action
11,171 German troops were killed in action -
The Duration of The Batlle of The Bulge
Started December 16th and Ended January 16th/January25 -
German's Goal in The Battle of the Bulge
The Germans wanted to keep the allies from their main sources for fuel and supplies, and the wanted to get Antwerp. -
General Patton
He was the commander of the 4th Armored Division. He died on December 21, 1945. -
Plan for the Bulge:
Hitler created the plan. -
Zaar, Germany
Zaar is considered to be the industrial heart of Germany during WW2. -
December 23, 1944
This was the day during the battle of the bulge when the weather cleared and aircrafts could fly. Turning the battle in a 180 to benefit the Allied powers. -
Enigma
The Enigma machine was the German's way of communicating using a code. -
U-Boats
The German U-Boats fought many allied ships and attacked secretly. -
D-Day Invasion
the day in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy. -
East and West Germany
East: Under the domination of the Soviet Union - communist
West: Occupied by America, Brittain, and France - democratic -
United Nation
The United Nations was formed near the end of World War II to create a body for the nations of the world to try to prevent future global wars -
Victory Gardens
During World War II, Victory Gardens were planted by families in the United States (the Home Front) to help prevent a food shortage. This meant food for everyone! Planting Victory Gardens helped make sure that there was enough food for our soldiers fighting around the world. -
How was the Cold War Fought?
Arms Race (built up huge nuclear arsenals), Atomic Explosion, Technology on both sides -
Truman Doctrine
the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or Communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the Communists as an open declaration of the Cold War. -
S.E.A.T.O.
In September of 1954, the United States, France, Great Britain, New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Pakistan formed the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization or SEATO. SEATO Meeting in Manila. The purpose of the organization was to prevent communism from gaining ground in the region. -
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union with its satellite states, and the United States with its allies after World War II. -
U.S. Policy of Containment
Containment was a United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad. A component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge its communist sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, and Vietnam. -
The Marshall Plan
Provided massive financial aid to rebuilt European economies and prevent to spread of communism -
N.A.T.O.
NATO is a formal alliance between the territories of North American and Europe. From its inception, its main purpose was to defend each other from the possibility of the communist Soviet Union taking control of their nation. -
Why did the Korean War Begin?
The Korean War (1950-1953) began when the North Korean Communist army crossed the 38th Parallel and invaded non-Communist South Korea. As Kim Il-sung's North Korean army, armed with Soviet tanks, quickly overran South Korea, the United States came to South Korea's aid. -
Why was General MacArthur fired by Pres. Truman
In April 1951, President Truman fired MacArthur and replaced him with Gen. Matthew Ridgeway. On April 11, Truman addressed the nation and explained his actions. ... General MacArthur had been fired “so that there would be no doubt or confusion as to the real purpose and aim of our policy.” -
Outcome of the Korean War:
Stalemate:
- North Korea remains Communist
-South Korea remains Democratic -
Who fought in the Korean War?
China, the Soviet Union, and the United States -
How did the Vietnam War begin?
China had become communist in 1949 and communists were in control of North Vietnam. The USA was afraid that communism would spread to South Vietnam and then the rest of Asia. It decided to send money, supplies and military advisers to help the South Vietnamese Government. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev saw an opportunity to strengthen the relationship between the Soviet Union and Fidel Castro's Cuba and make good its promise to defend Cuba from the United States. In May 1960, Khrushchev began to ship ballistic missiles to Cuba and technicians to operate them. -
Financial cost of the Vietnam War
more than $141-billion -
End of Vietnam War
Military involvement in the war ended by pulling troops out but providing aid to those nations still fighting. -
Home front in the Vietnam War
Many Americans opposed the war on moral grounds, appalled by the devastation and violence of the war. Others claimed the conflict was a war against Vietnamese independence, or an intervention in a foreign civil war; others opposed it because they felt it lacked clear objectives and appeared to be unwinnable. -
Iron Curtain
a notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989.
