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Jul 3, 1492
Christopher Columbus
This first contact with North America and Native Americans led to the “Columbian Exchange” -
Sep 8, 1492
The Columbian Exchange
Refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. -
Jun 28, 1519
Hernando Cortez
Conquered the Aztec Empire -
Sep 15, 1532
Francisco Pizzaro
Conquered the Inca Empire in Peru -
Aug 9, 1565
Spanish Settlement in the Americas
Spanish settlers and Native Americans intermarried, creating a mixed race called mestizos. -
English Settlement in the Americas
Roanoke – 1st attempt at English settlement – “The Lost Colony”
Founded on Roanoke Island off the coast of NC -
Jamestown, Virginia
1st successful English settlement! -
French Settlement in the Americas
New France – along the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.
Quebec,Montreal – Canada
Detroit (Michigan), New Orleans (Louisiana) -
Dutch Settlement in the Americas
New Amsterdam – Hudson River
New York City, Albany, Long Island, New Jersey. -
Puritan Dissent
Believed in religious freedom, separation of church and state, and fair treatment of the Native Americans -
Native American Resistance
Pequot Indians in Connecticut resisted white settlement -
The Road to Revolution
As a result, both nations made claims on this territory and a race began to see who would control it. -
French and Indian War
Britain v. French and Native Americans
Fighting French settlers and Native Americans over land -
Causes of American Revolution
Forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains and put the territory under British military control. -
Boston Massacre
The killings increased the colonists desire to declare their independence from Great Britain. -
Lexington and Concord
British General Thomas Gage sent 700 soldiers to destroy guns and ammunition the colonists had stored in the town of Concord, just outside of Boston. -
The Declaration of Independence
Listed all of the colonists grievances against the Crown; explained why they were declaring independence -
End of the American Revolution
Americans won the war,
War was officially ended with the Treaty of Paris -
The United States Constitution
Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation but decided to create a new constitution -
Judiciary Act of 1789
Washington wanted to set up a federal court system headed by a Supreme Court -
Jay’s Treaty - Great Britain
British began stopping US ships bound for France and impressing seamen (taking US sailors captive and forcing them to serve the British)
Intended to hurt the French, but hurt US trade -
Amendments 11-27
Amendments added to the Constitution between 1795 and 1992 to protect the rights of citizens in the United States -
Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon agreed to sell the entire Louisiana Territory to the United States for $15 million dollars
Effects:
Doubled the size of the United States
Economic turning point for the US -
Burr - Hamilton Duel
Burr and Hamilton were political adversaries - most famous - Election of 1800
Burr killed Hamilton; he died the following day of his wounds -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Along the way, a Native American woman was enlisted to serve as a guide and interpreter - Sacajawea.
The expedition led to a large migration of settlers to the Pacific Northwest - traveled via the Oregon Trail -
Embargo Act of 1807
US did not want to get involved with problems between Britain and France
President Jefferson declared an embargo(no trade) with Britain and France
Jefferson’s alternative to war
Believed it would hurt Britain and other European countries and force them to accept American Neutrality -
Era of Good Feelings
Following the War of 1812, the United States entered into a period of national pride and political unity -
Adams Onis Treaty
US acquired Florida and established a firm boundary between the Louisiana Territory (US territory through the Louisiana Purchase) and Spanish territory in the west -
Panic of 1819
US faced widespread economic problems
Foreclosures
Bank failures
Unemployment
Slump in agriculture and manufacturing -
McCulloch v. Maryland
Supreme Court (John Marshall) ruled that Congress had the right to establish a national bank under the Necessary and Proper (Elastic) Clause of the Constitution
Power of federal government over state government -
Monroe Doctrine
Stated American continents were no longer open to colonization - US would view any attempt as an act of aggression -
Gibbons v. Ogden
Supreme Court (John Marshall) ruled that only Congress had the power to regulate interstate commerce and foreign trade -
Tariff of Abominations
Protective tariff designed to protect northern manufacturing from competition from cheaper British imports -
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Caused the south to strengthen slave codes (laws restricting activities and conduct of slaves) -
My birthday
the best day
