-
1492
Early Explorers
Christopher Columbus sailed in 1492 -
1492
The columbian exchange
-Refers to a period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds. -
1519
Early Explorers
Hernando Cortez -
1532
Early Explorers
Franciso pizzaro
-spain
-claimed new colonies for spain
-conquered the inca empire in peru -
1539
Early Explorers
Hernan de soto
-spain- conquistador
-Assisted Pizarro with the conquest of the Inca
-First to discover and cross the Mississippi River -
English settlement in the Americans
settlement
-Roanoke – 1st attempt at English settlement – “The Lost Colony” -
Jamestown, Virginia
1607- founded by the Virginia company -
Spanish settlements in the Americans
settlement
- conquered the native Americans and established new Spain. -
French settlement in the Americans
settlement:
-New France – along the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.
-Quebec,Montreal – Canada
-Detroit (Michigan), New Orleans (Louisiana) -
Dutch settlement in the americans
settlements:
- New Amsterdam-Hudson river
new York city, Albany, long island, new jersey -
Period: to
puritan dissent
Roger Williams
- Banished from Massachusetts in 1636
Anne Hutchinson
-Brought up on heresy charges in 1637 -
Period: to
Native American Resistance
Pequot war:
-In 1637, Pequot were virtually wiped put by the English
King Phillip's War:
-Involved the Wampanoag Indians in the Plymouth Colony -
Causes
In 1754 the French built Fort Duquesne at the point where the Ohio River forms (modern day Pittsburgh). -
causes of american revolution
proclamation of 1763 -
Consequences
war officially ends with treaty of paris of 1763 -
Boston Massacre
A clash between British troops and townspeople in Boston in 1770. -
Lexington and Concord
On April 18, 1775, British General Thomas Gage sent 700 soldiers to destroy guns and ammunition the colonists had stored in the town of Concord, just outside of Boston. -
The Declaration of Independence
Significance: Proclaimed the United States of America was forevermore a free nation -
End of the American Revolution
-Treaty of pairs -
land ordinance of 1785
congress sold tracts of land to raise money -
northwest ordinance of 1787
created guidelines for admission as states in the us -
The United constitution
1787 – Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation but decided to create a new constitution -
Judiciary act of 1789
No details for a court system in the Constitution -
textile mills
-First textile mills in America were opened by Samuel Slater in Pawtucket, Rhode Island in 1791 -
Eli whitney-cotton gin
Cotton gin- 1793 - cleaned the seeds out of cotton -
Election of 1796
Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican) v. John Adams (Federalist) -
eli whitney- interchangeable parts
Parts of one musket could be used as parts for another musket -
lewis and clark expedition
The Corps of Discovery left St. Louis, Missouri on May 14, 1804 -
embargo act of 1807
British impressments of US sailors continued, in spite of Jay’s Treaty -
Robert Fulton- steam boat
Launched the first successful steamboat service in 1807 -
madison elected president
-4th President of the US
-Democratic Republican
-Formerly a Federalist
-Led the nation into the
War of 1812 -
election of 1812
james madison reelected in 1812 -
war of 1812
Causes:
-British military aid to Native Americans on the frontier
-British impressments of American sailors - Jay’s Treaty
-Embargo Act - Jefferson’s alternative to war
-War Hawks - Pushed for war with Great Britain -
decline of the federalist party
-US was at war with Britain (War of 1812) and had just learned of victory against the British
-Treaty of Ghent, ending War of 1812, being signed -
james monroe ellected president
5th president of the US -
mcculloch v. maryland
Supreme Court (John Marshall) ruled that Congress had the right to establish a national bank under the Necessary and Proper (Elastic) Clause of the Constitution -
missouri compromise
-The extension of slavery into new territories divides the North and South - conflict over state’s rights -
texas
Mexico gained independence from Spain - Texas part of Mexico - 1821 -
monroe doctrine
Stated American continents were no longer open to colonization - US would view any attempt as an act of aggression -
Election of 1824
-Evidence of sectional differences within the US
-John Quincy Adams v. Andrew Jackson - both were Democratic Republicans
-Neither candidate received a majority of electoral votes in the Electoral College -
gibbpns v. ogden
Supreme Court (John Marshall) ruled that only Congress had the power to regulate interstate commerce and foreign trade -
new harmony
share everything live in harmony -
Tariff of abominations
Protective tariff designed to protect northern manufacturing from competition from cheaper British imports -
election of 1828
andrew jackson elected president -
indian removal act
Congress passed the Indian Removal Act - authorized the removal of Native Americans from the SE United States -
stephen ausin
led a group of settlers to Texas - Mexican government led by General Santa Anna exerted control over settlers – 1830s -
nat turner rebellion
1831 - Caused the south to strengthen slave codes (laws restricting activities and conduct of slaves) -
william lloyd garrison
Founded The Liberator, an anti-slavery newspaper - 1831 -
election of 1832
pet banks a key issue of this election -
SC nullifaction crisis
1832 - SC threatened to secede if the tariffs were not repealed -
worcester v. georgia
The Cherokee appealed to the US Supreme Court -
The whig party
Jackson enemies felt he acted like a king - “King Andrew” -
cyrus mccormick- mechanical reaper
Made harvesting wheat easier -
Trail of tears
Troops sent to round up Cherokee and move them to Oklahoma -
sam houston
led the settlers into a rebellion - declared Texas independence - 1836 -
election of 1836
Martin Van Buren (Democrat) elected president over William Henry Harrison (Anti-Masonic) -
john deere- steel plow
Allowed farmers to plow and grow crops in areas out west that’s land was too dry or hard -
The National Road
a network of roads connected most of the cities and towns in the US -
election of 1840
-Martin Van Buren - incumbent Democrat
-William Henry Harrison - Whig -
brook farm
1841 - Based on transcendentalism -
Webster- ashburton treaty
-Signed in 1842 by Daniel Webster of US and Lord Ashburton of Great Britain -
samuel F.B. Morse- telegraph
Telegraph - device that sends messages using electricity through wires-Instant communication -
oregon
-President Polk approached Britain proclaiming “”54-40, or fight!” - claimed US had rightful claims to Oregon territory - 1844 -
the alamo
-Texas requested annexation to become part of the United States
-Texas becomes a slave state in 1845 -
wilmot proviso
-Proposed banning slavery from any land purchased from Mexico
-Upset the Southern states
-Not approved -
sewing machine
Elias Howe had the first patent on a sewing machine in the United States in 1846 -
brigham young
led the mormons west to utah for settlement in1847 -
oneida
every man married to every woman- free love -
mexican cession
- Mexico gave up New Mexico and California territories to the United States in exchange for payment
-
election of 1848
-Zachary Taylor (Whig) elected President over Lewis Cass (Democrat) and Martin Van Buren (Free-Soil) -
womens rights movement
1848 - Stanton called for women to be given the right to vote
-first womens right convention -
california gold rush
gold was discovered -
gold rush
Gold Rush of 1849 – Settlers moving west in search for gold -
Compromise of 1850
acquisition of the Mexican territory, the extension of slavery once again becomes an issue -
death of president taylor
-July 9, 1850 – President Zachary Taylor died of cholera
-VP Millard Fillmore became President -
Election of 1852
Franklin pierce(democrat) elected president over winfield scott (whig) and john p. hale (free-soil) -
gadsden purchase
Land purchased to run a transcontinental railroad -
know-nothing
-Became part of the Republican Party after 1856 -
Election of 1856
James Buchanan (Democrat) elected president over John C. Fremont (Republicans) and Millard Fillmore (Whig & American {Know-Nothings} -
Election of 1860
Lincoln win election with no southern electoral votes -
secession
As a result of Lincoln’s victory in the Election of 1860, southern states begin to secede from the union. -
Fort Sumter-First Shot Fired
Union soldiers had one month of supplies remaining at Ft. Sumter, SC -
First Battle Of Bull Run
First battle between the Union and Confederate army
AKA- Manassas -
Antietam
Antietam creek, Maryland
Bloodiest single day of the war -
Vicksburg
Vicksburg, Mississippi
Union wanted control of the Mississippi river -
homestead act
Anyone who would agree to cultivate 160 acres of land for 5 years would receive title to that land from the federal government -
morrill land grant act
States used money from sale of land to finance agricultural colleges -
Period: to
Fredericksburg / Chancellorville
-Fredericksburg, Virginia
-Dec. 1862
-Large number of Union casualties
-CONFEDERATE VICTORY -Chancellorsville, Virginia
-May 1863
-Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson killed
-CONFEDERATE VICTORY -
Emancipation Proclamation
-Freed the slaves in the confederate states while preserving slavery in the border states that were still loyal to the union -
Election of 1864
-Lincoln in danger of not being reelected
-Democrats nominated George McClellan – former Union general to run for president -
Appomattox- End of the War
-Grant surrounds Lee outside of Richmond, Virginia
-Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House – Virginia -
civil rights act of 1866
congress passed with the intention of giving citizenship rights to African Americans -
grant elected president
Ulysses S. Grant elected in 1868 -
election of 1872
-Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) reelected president over Horace Greeley (Democratic) -
Election of 1876
Compromise of 1877 settled the issue of the winner -
Compromise of 1877
-Democrats agreed to give Hayes the presidency
-Hayes elected as President
-Republicans agreed to end Reconstruction in the South -
oklahoma land rush
Native Americans forced off the land -
amendments 11-27
Amendments added to the Constitution between 1795 and 1992 to protect the rights of citizens in the United States -
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