-
1795 BCE
Pinckney’s Treaty - Spain - 1795
Spain afraid of alliance between Great Britain and the US
Spain barred the US from the lower part of the Mississippi River and the Port of New Orleans
US needed Mississippi River to transport goods -
1492
Columbus "discoveries America"
Lands in Hispaniola thinks he is India -
1519
Hernando Cortez conquered Aztec Empire
Conquistadores -"Conquerors"
claimed new colonies for Spain -
1532
Franciso Pizzaro conquered the Inca Empire
claimed new colonies for Spain -
1539
Hernan de Soto first discovered and cross mississippi river
Assisted Pizzaro with the conquest of the Inca -
1565
Spanish settlement
They settled in America but was still under the rule in the name of the crown -
1565
Spanish settlement
Conquered the Native Americans and established New Spain. -
Roanoke 1st attempt at english settlement
"The Lost Colony" John white sailed back and returned 3 years later with no trace of the colony.
Also Vagina Dare was the 1st baby born in America to English parents. -
English settlement
Roanoke – 1st attempt at English settlement – “The Lost Colony” -
James town
1st successful English settlement -
New France
All decision made by Monarch
Every certain groups allowed on new territory/ French protestants weren't -
French Settlement
New France – along the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.
Quebec,Montreal – Canada
Detroit (Michigan), New Orleans (Louisiana) -
Dutch settlement
Still had to follow the rules of the mother country -
Dutuch Settlement
New Amsterdam – Hudson River
New York City, Albany, Long Island, New Jersey. -
Roger Williams a "sepeatist"
Believed in religious freedom
Banished from Massachusetts
left and established providence in Rhode Island the land he bought from the Natives -
Anne Hutchinson
Held private prayer meetings
banished from colony
moved to Rhode island -
Anne Hutchinson
she held private meetings in the colony and after banished, she moved to rhode -
Native American Resistance
Pequot Indians in Connecticut resisted white settlement -
Navigation Act
Required colonist to sell only certain goods to England but pay a tax to sell to any other countries. -
King Philip's War
Involved the Wampanog Indians in the Plymouth colony
Indians were defeated -
King Phillip’s War
Involved the Wampanoag Indians in the Plymouth Colony -
French and Indian war
fighting over land
British won
British became most powerful country -
Fort Duquesne
In 1754 the French built Fort Duquesne at the point where the Ohio River forms (modern day Pittsburgh). -
writs of assistance
British could search housing whenever they wanted. -
Proclamation of 1763
Forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains and put the territory under British military control. -
Sugar Act
Pay tax on sugar -
Stamp Act
"no taxation with representation"
taking paper -
Boston Massacre
British killed 5, and wound 6 -
Boston Masscre
A clash between British troops and townspeople in Boston in 1770. -
Intolerable Act
Closed Boston Harbor
colonist could not export or import goods. -
Battle of Quebec
Helped decide who was going to own North America -
Lexington and Concord
On April 18, 1775, British General Thomas Gage sent 700 soldiers to destroy guns and ammunition the colonists had stored in the town of Concord, just outside of Boston. -
The Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776
Purpose: Listed all of the colonists grievances against the Crown; explained why they were declaring independence -
Treaty of paris
End of the American Revolution
Americans won -
Land Ordiances
congress sold tracts of lands
Divided the Ohio territory -
Northwest ordiances
created guidelines for admission as states in the US -
Acts concerned the Northwest Territory
Land Ordinance of 1785 -
Acts concerned the Northwest Territory
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 -
The United States Constitution
1787 – Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation but decided to create a new constitution -
George Washington
1st president -
Judiciary Act of 1789
No details for a court system in the Constitution
Federal law remained the “Supreme Law of the Land” -
Eli Whitney - Cotton Gin
Cotton gin- 1793 - cleaned the seeds out of cotton
Sped up the cleaning of seeds
Revolutionized the cotton crop
Demand for cotton from Great Britain for textile manufacturing -
Jay’s Treaty - Great Britain - 1794
British began stopping US ships bound for France and impressing seamen (taking US sailors captive and forcing them to serve the British)
Intended to hurt the French, but hurt US trade
Jay’s Treaty -
Election of 1796
John Adams president -
Eli Whitney - Interchangeable Parts
Introduced with muskets in 1798
Henry Ford - Assembly Line
Parts of one musket could be used as parts for another musket
Basis for industrial development in the US -
Convention of 1800
Meeting between United States and France over the Quasi-Wars - conflict in the Caribbean over shipping and trade
Hostility between US and France following the XYZ Affair -
Election of 1800
Jefferson chosen as 3rd president -
Second Great Awakening
Religious Reform -
Embargo Act of 1807
British impressments of US sailors continued, in spite of Jay’s Treaty
British blockading US ships bound for France
US did not want to get involved with problems between Britain and France
President Jefferson declared an embargo(no trade) with Britain and France
Jefferson’s alternative to war -
Robert Fulton - Steam Boat
Launched the first successful steamboat service in 1807
Steamboats decreased travel time - made trips shorter -
War of 1812
Causes:
British military aid to Native Americans on the frontier
British impressments of American sailors - Jay’s Treaty
Embargo Act - Jefferson’s alternative to war
War Hawks - Pushed for war with Great Britain -
Election of 1812
James Maddison reelected -
James Monroe Elected President
5th president -
Panic of 1819
US faced widespread economic problems
Foreclosures
Bank failures
Unemployment
Slump in agriculture and manufacturing -
Missouri Compromise
1820 - The extension of slavery into new
territories divides the North and South -
conflict over state’s rights -
Election of 1820
James Monroe reelected -
Monroe Doctrine
Doctrine issued by President Monroe
Stated the US would not tolerate European
intervention in the affairs of any independent
nation in the Americas -
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams v. Andrew Jackson -
both were Democratic Republicans
Neither candidate received a majority of
electoral votes in the Electoral College
The House of Representatives decided the election -
Erie canal
Opened in 1825
Increase in trade, decrease in shipping rates and shipping time -
Tariff of Abominations
1828 - Protective tariff designed to protect
northern manufacturing from competition
from cheaper British imports -
Election of 1828
Andrew Jackson elected president -
Indian Removal Act
1830 - Congress passed the Indian Removal
Act - authorized the removal of Native
Americans from the SE United States -
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Virginia
Led by a slave - Nat Turner - rebellion was a
failure
1831 - Caused the south to strengthen slave
codes (laws restricting activities and conduct
of slaves) -
Election of 1832
Jackson won re-election
Portrayed the national banks as
institutions for the wealthy, rich, and
powerful - “pet banks” -
South Carolina Nullification Crisis
1832 - SC threatened to secede if the tariffs
were not repealed -
Worcester v. Georgia - 1832
The Cherokee appealed to the US
Supreme Court
Court ruled that the Cherokee had a right
to remain on their land and could not be
forcibly removed -
The Whig Party
National Republicans changed their name to
the Whig Party in 1833 -
Cyrus McCormick - Mechanical Reaper
Increased productivity
1834
Made harvesting wheat easier -
Trail of Teras
President Jackson ignored the court’s
decision
Troops sent to round up Cherokee and move
them to Oklahoma
800 mile march in 1835
Over a quarter of the Cherokee died from
disease, starvation, and weather exposure -
election of 1836
Martin Van Buren elected -
John Deere - Steel Plow
1837
Allowed farmers to plow and grow crops in areas out west that’s land was too dry or hard -
election of 1840
William Henry Harrison elected -
The National Road
Completed in 1841
Stretched 800 miles west
By 1840, a network of roads connected most of the cities and towns in the US -
Samuel F.B. Morse - Telegraph
Telegraph - device that sends messages using electricity through wires-Instant communication
Communication is revolutionized-whole different way of sending msgs -
Polk elected
Election of 1844
Won due to Whig opponent Henry Clay’s avoidance of the issue of annexation of Texas and Oregon -
Oregon became a state in 1846
President Polk approached Britain proclaiming “”54-40, or fight!” - claimed US had rightful claims to Oregon territory - 1844 -
Mexican War
1846-1848
Mexico upset over US annexation of Texas
Polk sent troops to Texas border to settle US-Mexico border dispute and to negotiate the purchase of California and New Mexico -
Wilmot Proviso
1846 - Proposed banning slavery from any land purchased from Mexico
Upset the Southern states
Not approved -
Mexican Cession
1848 - Mexico gave up New Mexico and California territories to the United States in exchange for payment -
California Gold Rush
California enters the union as a free state due to the Compromise of 1850
Gold was discovered in California in 1848
People rushed to California to “get rich quick” - they became known as “49’ers”
Huge population increase -
compromise of 1850
With the acquisition of the Mexican territory, the extension of slavery once again becomes an issue
Henry Clay offers a compromise to maintain balance between the free and slave states -
election of 1852
Franklin Pierce (Democrat) elected president over Winfield Scott (Whig) and John P. Hale (Free-Soil) -
Gadsden Purchase
Gave the United States parts of New Mexico and Arizona for $10 million from Mexico -
Homestead Act
1862 - Anyone who would agree to cultivate 160 acres of land for 5 years would receive title to that land from the federal government -
Morrill Land Grant Act
Distributed millions of acres of western territory to state governments 1862 - States used money from sale of land to finance agricultural colleges -
Grant elected President
Ulysses S. Grant elected in 1868 -
election of 1872
Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) reelected president over Horace Greeley (Democratic) -
Hayes elected
Grant’s administration surrounded by corruption (Whiskey Ring, Credit Mobilier)
Samuel Tilden (Democrat) v. Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican) -
Compromise of 1877
Hayes elected as President
Republicans agreed to end Reconstruction in the South