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Battle of Stalingrad
Germans violated nonaggression pact with Soviet Union and attack. Hitler hoped to capture Soviet oil fields. Germans nearly won (controlled 9/10 of the city). Hitler forced Germans to stay put and Soviets used to their advantage and won. -
2 full blown attacks on Pearl Harbor
Saturday Morning, U.S. military was taken off guard. Impact/Damage on U.S.
o 2,400 U.S. military and civilians lost their lives
o 1,178 U.S. military and civilians wounded
o 18 ships and 350 planes sunk or damaged -
U.S. declare war on Japan
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Italy and Germany declare war on U.S.
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Period: to
Battle of the Atlantic
German U-Boats were sinking unprotected U.S. and other Allies' merchant ships .Allies began using convoys to protect ships and also used a sonar system to detect German U-Boats.
The Germans were very successful in the beginning, but by mid - 1943, the Allies had the upper hand -
Battle of the Coral Sea
U.S. and Australia stopped Japan from invading. Although Japan won the actual battle, the allies were able to stop Japan invasion for the first time. -
Battle of Midway
Admiral Chester Nimitz intercepted Japanese code and U.S. launched surprise attack on Japan at Pacific island called Midway
U.S. was successful. -
Normandy Invasion (D-Day)
Resulted in the Allied liberation of Western Europe from Nazi Germany’s control. -
Battle of the Bulge
Very brutal war in Belgium - one of the most extensive of U.S. military- where Germany was trying to capture Antwerp.
German tanks broke through American lines (80 mile front).
America won.
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Yalta Conference
Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill met in Yalta in the Soviet Union to discuss post WWII. They set up the United Nations. -
Iwo Jima
this was an Island in the Pacific that was critical for U.S. win in The Battle of Midway. 27,000 Japanese held Iwo Jima, U.S. won. -
Roosevelt passed away
The U.S. went through a major grieving period and Harry S. Truman, as Vice-President, takes the role as President -
The end of Hitler
Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide (gun shot and cyanide). Their bodies were burned. -
V-E Day
General Eisenhower accepted a surrender by the Third Reich. This was a victory for Europe. 1st part of the war was over. -
Battle of Okinawa
Japan’s last defensive stronghold, they used 1,900 Kamikaze attacks. U.S. won. -
Period: to
Postdam
Truman, (Churchill and then Clement Atlee) and Stalin met in Potsdam, Germany. They drew up a blueprint to disarm Germany and eliminate the Nazi regime. This divided Germany into 4 sections (occupied by France, Britain, U.S. and Soviet Union). -
Manhattan Project (Hiroshima)
“Little Boy”
America dropped atomic bombs in this city of Japan.
In 43 seconds, the city collapsed to dust. -
Manhattan Project (Nagasaki)
"Fat Man”
America dropped atomic bombs in this city too. This time it leveled half of the city. -
Unconditional surrender
Japan offers unconditional surrender to U.S -
V-J Day
In September 2, 1945 was the Victory in Japan Day (Formal surrender)