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Chrisholm v. Georgia*
Alexander Chrisholm tried to sue the state of Georgia. Georgia refused to appear due to them claiming they are a sovereign state. This lead to the creation of the 11th amendment. -
The 11th Amendment
In 1795, the 11th amendment was ratified. This stated that in the case of a citizen of one state suing another state, it will not fall under Federal jurisdiction. Meaning, the federal court can not hear certain lawsuits against states. -
The Presidential Election of 1796*
In the presidential election of 1796, the president and vice president had belonged to two different political parties. This could cause many issues and with the presidential election of 1800, this is why the 12th amendment was created. -
The Presidential Election of 1800*
In the presidential election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr had recieved the same amount of votes. This is and the election of 1796 is what influenced the 12th amendment to be made, changing the electoral process. -
The 12th Amendment
The 12th amendment changed the electoral process in 1804. Electors now had to cast seperate ballots for president and vice president. -
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Women's Suffrage Movement*
The Women's Rights/Suffrage Movement began in the United States with Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1848. Women fought for the right to vote for nearly a century. The result of this, the 19th amendment. -
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The American Civil War*
The American Civil War was a four year war that was fought between the United States of America and the Confederate States of America. The United States of America had won the war. The result of this is all the slaves were free causing the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to be ratified. -
The 13th Amendment
The 13th amendment banned slavery in all states and territories. The only exception was that slavery could still be used as punishment for a crime. -
The 14th Amendment
The 14th amendment is very important. This is the amendment that defined citizenship through the Federal Government. This said that all who are born on U.S. soil are guaranteed citizenship (section 1). It also takes away the 3/5 clause (section 2), takes away the right for Confederates to serve in Federal Government or vote until Congress allows it with a 2/3 vote (section 3), and states that no debts will be owed to the Confederacy (section 4). -
The 15th Amendment
The 15th amendment, ratified in 1870, gave even more men voting rights. It stated that no state can deny the right to vote based on race, color of skin, or the fact that they are a former slave. Although there are good intentions, this does not say everyone can vote and there was still discrimination. -
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The Progressive Era*
The Progressive Era was a time in the United States when there was widespread social activism and political reform. During this era, the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th amendment passed due to people pushing these subjects so hard and wanting a change. -
The 16th Amendment
The 16th amendment gave the Federal Government the right to lay and collect income taxes. -
The 17th Amendment
The 17th amendment changed the electoral process of electing senators. It changed the process from originally senators being elected by state legislatures to now senators being elected by the people directly. -
The 18th Amendment
The 18th amendment prohibited the manufacturing, trasportation, and sale of intoxicating liquors. It did not prevent the consumption. This amendment was soon repealed after it was passed. -
The 19th Amendment
This amendment gave women who are 21 years old and over the right to vote. This stated that neither the Federal Government nor the State Government could deny the right to vote to anyone based on gender. -
The 20th Amendment
The 20th amendment reduced the presidential transition period. It changed the time of the presidential inauguration from March to January. This amendment also makes it clear that if the president dies before the inauguration, the vice president would take their place. -
The 21st Amendment
The 21st amendment repeals the 18th amendment. This meant that the manufacturing, sale, and transportation of alcohol was once again legal. -
The Presidential Election of 1940*
In the presidential election of 1940, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected for a third time. People were concerned that a president serving more than 2 terms would gain too much power. This is what caused the 22nd amendment to be passed. -
The 22nd Amendment
The 22nd amendment limits the time a president can be in office. The president can serve no more than 2 terms or 10 years. -
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Civil Rights Movement*
The civil rights movement was a time when African Americans came together and protested racial segregation and discrimination. This is part of the reason the 24th amendment was created, due to poll taxes being an orginal Jim Crow law. -
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The Vietnam War*
The Vietnam War was a war mainly fought between North and South Vietnam. However, the United States and many other countries had fought supporting either side. Many people in the United States were angered that people who were 18 years old could go to war and fight, but not be able to vote. This is what caused the 26th amendment. -
The 23rd Amendment
The 23rd amendment gave citizens who lived in the District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.) the right to vote in presidential elections. -
The Death of John F. Kennedy*
On November 22nd, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated. It was an uncertain time since what would happen if the president left office was not directly written in the constitution. This is a reason why the 25th amendment was passed. -
The 24th Amendment
The 24th amendment prohibits poll taxes to be used in federal elections. -
The 25th Amendment
The 25th amendment clarifies what happens if the president is removed from office or if he is unable to do his job. It states that the vice president will become the president of acting president, establishes the line of succession to the president. -
The 26th Amendment
The 26th amendment lowered the voting age to 18 year old for all citizens of the United States. -
The 27th Amendment
The 27th amendment states that no laws that change the salaries of senators and representatives can take affect until the next congressional session.
