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Geography before Imperialism
All of the major towns in Algeria were located along the coast of Algeria. Nearly all of the countries agriculture took place in the coastal plain. Algeria had extensive deposits of oil and natural gas along its eastern border. -
France comes to Algeria
France came to Algeria for economic reasons. They wanted to negotiate trade agreements for Algeria's raw materials. They also wanted to insure that piracy did not resume. These were only some of the reasons why France imperialised Algeria. -
Treaty of Vienna
The Treaty of Vienna was an agreement between the major European powers to punish the Barbary cities in an effort to stop piracy. The piracy stopped, but relations remained very tense. this treaty was signed at the end of the third war. -
France invades Algeria
The French king used a minor incident to start an invasion of Algiers which captured the city of Algeria. France was the first to imperialize Algeria in 1830. Although this invasion captured the city of Algeria, it did nothing to reduce the resistance by the Berbers from the interior. They resisted for about 50 years. -
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How France treated the people of Algeria
France treated its African colonies very well. They gave them alot of freedom. They also gave them good food. This was unlike alot of the other European countries who treated their colonies very poorly. -
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The first war
France fought an army led by the Berber leader Abd al-Kader. Abd al-Kader was from Mascara. Mascara is southeast of Oran. Niether side prevailed in this war. -
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The second war
This war was basically the same as the first one. It was fought by the French and the forces led by Abd al-Kader of Mascara. Both wars were fought without niether side prevailing. -
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The third war
This war was also fought by France and Abd al-Kader's forces. In this war, France destroyed farms and deserting wells. They used terror tactics. al-Kader hid in Morocco, to try to not be captured by the French. -
al-Kader is captured
al-Kadar was hiding in Morocco during the thrid war. French finally invaded Morocco and captured al-Kader. The Moroccan sultan was angered by this invasion. This was because he was the leader of an independent country. This led to the Treaty of Tangier. -
The Convention of Lalla Maghnia
This convention established a river to be the border between Morocco and Algeria. This river was called the Oued Kiss. It flowed along the Mediterranean Coast. The border was left undefined further inland, laying the basis for many further border disputes. -
The Berber uprisings
The Berber responded to French imperialism by having uprisings. These uprisings started in 1870. The uprisings were mostly in central Algeria. The uprisings finally ended in 1873. -
French occupies the oasis of El Golea
The oasis of El Golea is known as El Meniaa. Once France occupied this, it ended the uprisings of the Berber. -
End of World War I
Algeria was still under France control after World War I. But they would gain their independence from France soon. -
Algeria gains independence from France
Algeria gains it independence from France after being owned by them for about 132 years. The war was called The War For Independence and it was from 1954-1961. This war began as a rural uprising in the Aures Mountains. The French governmnet viewed the uprisings as acts of treason and responded with massive force to crush the rebellion. After a very long war, the French finally withdrew in 1962 and Algeria declared its independence on July 5 1962 -
First President
Ahmed Ben Bella is elected as the first president of Algeria. This only lasted for 2 years. in 1965, he was overthrown by Col Houari Boumedienne. -
Ben Bella overthrown
Col Houari Boumedienne overthrows Ahmed Ben Bella and pledges to end corruption in Algeria. He soon introduced a new constitution which confirms commitment to socialism and role of the National Liberation Front as the sole political party. Islam is recognised as state religion. -
Boumedienne is elected president
Boumedienne is elected president. He wants to launch a programme of rapid industrialisation. Only 2 years later Boumedienne dies. He is replaced by Col Chadli Bendjedid.
