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Settlements, populations increase, local resource management began
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Firts conservation groups form and natures reserves established
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Agricultural societies became more industrialized and urban. The transcontinental railroad, the cotton gin, electricity and other inventions permanently changed society.
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The very last one, named Martha, was found dead on the floor of her cage in the Cincinnati Zoo
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The region’s exposed topsoil, robbed of the anchoring water-retaining roots of its native grasses, was carried off by heavy spring winds. “Black blizzards” of windblown soil blocked out the sun and piled the dirt in drifts. Occasionally the dust storms swept completely across the country to the East Coast
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Great increase in production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) that resulted in large part from the introduction into developing countries of new, high-yielding varieties, beginning in the mid-20th century.
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Written with an unparalleled understanding of the ways of nature. Includes a section on the monthly changes of the Wisconsin countryside
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The first 10 national parks are designated starting with the Peak District in 1951. By the end of the decade the Lake District, Snowdonia, Dartmoor, Pembrokeshire Coast, North York Moors, Yorkshire Dales, Exmoor, Northumberland and Brecon Beacons National Parks have been established.
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Mercury was in the waste product dumped into Minamata Bay on a massive scale by a chemical plant. The mercury contaminated fish living in Minamata Bay. People ate the fish, were themselves contaminated, and became ill. Local bird life as well as domesticate animals also perished. In all, 900 people died and 2,265 people were certified as having directly suffered from mercury poisoning - now known as Minamata disease.
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Non-govermental organizations gain public awarness grows.
WWFN, Greenpeace, Friends of the earth all formed -
A true story using a composite of examples drawn from many real communities where the use of DDT had caused damage to wildlife, birds, bees, agricultural animals, domestic pets, and even humans
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branch of philosophy that is concerned with the natural environment and humans' place within it.[1] It asks crucial questions about human environmental relations such as "What do we mean when we talk about nature?" "What is the value of the natural, that is non-human environment to us, or in itself?" , etc
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Was held in Stockholm, Sweden from June 5–16 in 1972 at the initiative of the Government of Sweden to host it, UN Secretary-General U Thant invited Maurice Strong to lead it as Secretary-General of the Conference, as the Canadian diplomat (under Pierre Trudeau) had initiated and already worked for over two years on the project
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Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, international agreement adopted in March 1973 to regulate worldwide commercial trade in wild animal and plant species. The goal of CITES is to ensure that international trade does not threaten the survival of any species. Since 1973 the number of state parties to the convention has grown to more than 170.
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The book discusses the effect human activity is having on the planet and what (if anything) can be done to halt the damage we have already caused.
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Public awareness of ozone depletion and risks of climate change
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Political preassure of ecological problems placed on goverments
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Powerful force in increasing public awareness and understanding of the fragility of the human environment. The years since then have witnessed significant progress in environmental sciences; education, information dissemination and training have expanded considerably
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Sustainability established as the way foward
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On about 45 tons of the dangerous gas methyl isocyanate escaped from an insecticide plant that was owned by the Indian subsidiary of the American firm Union Carbide Corporation. The gas drifted over the densely populated neighbourhoods around the plant, killing thousands of people immediately and creating a panic as tens of thousands of others attempted to flee Bhopal. The final death toll was estimated to be between 15,000 and 20,000.
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Accident in 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power station in the Soviet Union, the worst disaster in the history of nuclear power generation.
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International environmental agreement with universal ratification to protect the earth’s ozone layer by eliminating use of ozone depleting substances (ODS), which would otherwise allow increased UV radiation to reach the earth, resulting in higher incidence of skin cancers and eye cataracts, more-compromised immune systems, and negative effects on watersheds, agricultural lands and forests.
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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change. It was established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
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Shortly after midnight on March 24, 1989, the Exxon Valdez, a mile off-course in an attempt to avoid icebergs, ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, gashing its hull and releasing oil into the Pacific Ocean.
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Enviromental friendly products , recycling and ecoturism become popular
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Were caused by Iraqi military forces setting fire to a reported 605 to 732 oil wells along with an unspecified number of oil filled low-lying areas, such as oil lakes and fire trenches, as part of a scorched earth policy while retreating from Kuwait in 1991 due to the advances of Coalition military forces in the Persian Gulf War. The fires were started in January and February 1991, and the first well fires were extinguished in early April 1991, with the last well capped on November 6, 1991.
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Agreement to reduce carbon emissions to counter enhanced greenhouse effect and global warning. Agenda 21.
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Plans to globally improve: water and sanitation, energy supply issues, health, agricultural abuse, biodiversity reduction
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174 countries signed and are expected to reduce carbon emissions to some 15% below expected emissions in 2008. it expires in 2010
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Documentary by Al Gore, former US vice-president, describing global warning
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Awarded in 2007 to Al Gore an the IPCC for their work on climate change
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Report states that "Warning of the climate system is unequivocal" and "Most of the observed increased in globally averaged temperatures since the miod-20th century is very likely due to the observed to increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations"
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187 countries meet and agree to open negotiations on an international climate change deal
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Paper "the future we want" published
[https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/futurewewant.html]
