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In 711 a small Muslim army led by Tarik, a Berber commander, crossed the Strait of Gibraltar
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After conquering Hispania, the Umayyad Caliph of Damascus established the emirate of al-Andalus, with its capital in Córdoba.
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The last member of the Umaayyad clan, Abd al-Rahman, fled to al-Andalus.
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They divided into Taifa Kingdoms (25)
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They established in Granada
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Boabdil, the last Nasrid King, surrended Granada in 1492.