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Jan 1, 1000
The Boers
were people who settled in the Transvaal region of South Africa in the 17th century. The term "Boer" is used to describe individuals who are descended from these original early settlers, along with people who are associated with Boer culture. -
Jun 25, 1109
Affonso I
He achieved the independence of the southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia, the County of Portugal, from Galicia's overlord, the King of León, in 1139, establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista, an objective that he pursued until his death, in 1185, after forty-six years of wars against the Moors. -
Mar 3, 1394
Prince Henry the Navigator
He was responsible for the early development of European exploration and maritime trade with other continents. -
Jan 1, 1415
Portugal had expanded into Muslim North Africa
Portugal had expanded into Muslim North Africa -
Jan 1, 1450
John Cabot
was an Italian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of parts of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England is commonly held to have been the first European encounter with the mainland of North America since the Norse Vikings visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. The official position of the Canadian and United Kingdom governments is that he landed on the island of Newfoundland. -
Jan 1, 1451
Bartholomeu Dias
He sailed around the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488, the first European known to have done so. -
Oct 31, 1451
Christopher Columbus
was an explorer, navigator, and colonizer, born in the Republic of Genoa, in what is today northwestern Italy.Under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean that led to general European awareness of the American continents. Those voyages, and his efforts to establish permanent settlements on the island of Hispaniola, initiated the process of genocide and Spanish colonization. -
Jan 1, 1453
Afonso de Albuquerque
an admiral whose military and administrative activities as second governor of Portuguese India conquered and established the Portuguese colonial empire in the Indian Ocean. -
Mar 4, 1454
Amerigo Vespuci
was an Italian explorer, financier, navigator and cartographer who first demonstrated that Brazil and the West Indies did not represent Asia's eastern outskirts as initially conjectured from Columbus' voyages, but instead constituted an entirely separate landmass hitherto unknown to Afro-Eurasians. Colloquially referred to as the New World, this second super continent came to be termed "America" -
Jan 1, 1460
Vasco da Gama
was a Portuguese explorer, one of the most successful in the Age of Discovery and the commander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India. Being the first European to reach India through sea. This discovery was very impactful and paved the way for the Portuguese to establish a long lasting colonial empire in Asia -
Jan 1, 1471
Francisco Pizarro and the Incans
was a Spanish conquistador who conquered the Inca Empire. -
Jan 1, 1484
Bartolome de Las Casas
was a 16th-century Spanish historian, social reformer and Dominican friar. He became the first resident Bishop of Chiapas, and the first officially appointed "Protector of the Indians." His extensive writings, the most famous being A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies and Historia de Las Indias, chronicle the first decades of colonization of the West Indies and focus particularly on the atrocities committed by the colonizers against the indigenous peoples. -
Jan 1, 1485
Hernan Cortez and the Aztecs
was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. -
Dec 31, 1491
Jacques Cartier
was a French explorer of Breton origin who claimed what is now Canada for France. He was the first European to describe and map[5] the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas", after the Iroquois names for the two big settlements he saw at Stadacona (Quebec City) and at Hochelaga (Montreal Island). -
Sep 12, 1494
Francis I of France
was King of France from 1515 until his death. During his reign, huge cultural changes took place in France and he has been called France's original Renaissance monarch.[1] His permanent rivalry with the Emperor Charles V for hegemony in Europe was the origin of a long and ruinous military conflict that gave rise to the Protestant revolution. -
Jan 1, 1507
Martin Waldseemuller
A german cartographer named Martin Waldseemuller used Vespucci's descriptions of his voyage to publish a map of the region which he labeled it America. -
Jan 1, 1510
Portugese
The Portugese seized the island of Goa. -
Sep 20, 1519
Ferdinand
Ferdinand set out from Spain with 5 ships to find a way reach the Pacific -
Oct 6, 1552
Matteo Ricci
was an Italian Jesuit priest, and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China Mission, -
Dutch
A dutch fleet returned to Amsterdam from Asia after more than a years absence. -
Dutch East India Company
A group of wealthy Dutch merchants formed the Dutch East India Company -
trade
The Dutch captured Malacca from the Portugese and opened trade with China. -
Lord Macartney
was an Irish-born British statesman, colonial administrator and diplomat. He is often remembered for his observation following Britain's success in the Seven Years War and subsequent territorial expansion at the Treaty of Paris that Britain now controlled
