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Underground railroad
This was a network of meetings places, secret routes, passageways, & secret houses for slaves. On estimate 100,000 slaves escaped from bondage in the south between 1810 and 1850. events such as the Missouri compromise and the Dred Scott case drove more anti slavery advocates to take active roles in helping to free slaves www.historynet.com/underground-railroad -
Invention of the Cotton Gin
In 1793 Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin. The machine reduced the amount of time and cost of separating cotton seeds from white fiber. It made cultivation much more profitable. -
Missouri Compromise
In 1820, Henry Clay crafted the Missouri compromise. The northern district of Massachusetts entered the union as a free state of Maine to balance admission of Missouri as a free state. The compromise solved short term crisis but it had exposed the growing division between the north and south about slavery.
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Tariff of 1828 & Nullification Crisis
Nullification meant that states could void any federal law considered unconstitutional. congress passed taxes on imported goods which benefited the north manufacturers and hurt the south planters. South Carolina voted to nullify 1828 & 1832 tariffs within states borders and threatens to leave from the union if force was used. south Carolina removed its nullification of the tariffs but nullifies the force bill. -
Nat turners rebellion
August of 1831, nat turner let a revolt of around seventy slaves, and free blacks into the tn f south Hampton, Virginia. Tensionbetween the northern abolitionist movement & slave holders continued to intensify. The abolitionist movement finally gained significance in the offense against slavery in 1835 [http://owlcation.18com/humanities/The-Impact-of-Nat-Turner-Rebellion] -
The liberator is published
Years that led to the civil was william Lloyd garrison was the voice of abolitionism. Garrison became the leader of emerging anti slavery movement. His publication the liberator ceaseless uncompromising position on the moral outrage that was slavery made him loved and hated by many Americans. This newspaper was dedicated to the immediate ending of slavery. -
Wilmot proviso
David Wilmot of Pennsylvania had proposed a law known as the wilmot proviso. It would ban slavery in any lands won from Mexico. The proposal broke party unity and instead divided congress largely along sectional lines. North democrats joined all northern whigs to support Wilmot and southern democrats joined southern whigs in opposition. The Wilmot provision would reappear in every session of congress for the next 15 years -
Uncle Toms Cabin
Harriet Beechers Stowe's novel "Uncle Toms Cabin" sold 300,000 copies within 3 months. It was o widely read that president Abraham Lincoln met Stowe in 1862. It was also written in reaction to recent slave laws. The book had a major influence on the way the American public viewed slavery. The book established Stowe's reputation as a women of letters
[http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/uncle-Toms-Cabin-is-published] -
The compromise of 1850t
The compromise consisted of laws that were past in the same year in September. The laws dealt with slavery. Senator Henry clay introduced a series of resolutions on January 29,1850, in attempt to find a comprose and avoid a crisis between North and south. Slave trade was abolished in Washington DC. Fugitive slave act was amended as well [https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/compromise1850.html -
Kansas Nebraska Act
It was a bill in 1854 that mandated “popular sovereignty”. It allowed settlers of a territory to decide whether slavery would be allowed within a new states borders. During this time there were conflicts between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers. The acts passage led to the period of violence known as bleeding Kansas. Which help create the way for the American civil war [http://www.history.com/topics/kansas-Nebraska-act] -
Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas was the period of time after the violence between pro slavery and anti slavery settlers. They wanted control of the new territory of Kansas under the doctrine of popular sovereignty. North formed armed emigrant associations to populate Kansas. While, pro slavery advocates poured over the border from Missouri. [ http://www. Britannica.com/event/bleeding-Kansas-United-states-history -
Brooks summer event
Massachusetts senator Charles sumner, has given a speech. It was called “The Crime Against Kansas” on ending slavery in the United States. The speech described atrocities
occurring in Kansas at the time. There, pro slavery border ruffians from Missouri crossed into Kansas and attacked anti slavery setters. [ http://historyengine.richmond.edu/episodes/view/4632] -
Dred Scott
I'm 1857, the United States Supreme Court issues a decision in the dred Scott case. They had to affirm the right of slave owners to take their slaves into western territories. As part of the compromise of 1850, resides of newly created territories could decide the issue of slavery by vote. A process known as popular sovereignty.
[http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/dred-scott-decision] -
Lincoln Douglas debates
in 1858 Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln held a series of 7 debates while competing for a seat in the us senate. Douglas believed the union was established on the right of each senate to do as it pleased on the questions of slavery. Lincoln attacked popular sovereignty as wrong. He condemned slavery and believed that there was no reason why they weren't entitled to all natural rights. -
John browns raid on harpers ferry
He had chosen harpers ferry because it was a hub of trains and canals which offered escape routes. It was located near the borders of Pennsylvania free state. The effort failed. Before he was executed he predicted that the crimes of slavery won't be purged away without bloodshed. -
Election of 1860
William Seward had bee the favorite to win the nomination. Many worried that Sewards anti slavery views were too radical so they went with the more moderate Lincoln. Lincoln what great debating skills, moderate views, reputation for integrity he was an ideal candidate. The election of 1860 demonstrated that Americans worst fears had come to pass. There were no longer any national political parties. -
Secession of southern states
During the American Civil War, the Confederate States of America consisted of the governments of 11 Southern states. The force of events moved very quickly upon the election of Lincoln. SouthCarolina acted first, calling for a convention to secede from the Union. State by state, conventions were held, and the Confederacy was formed. Within three months of Lincoln's election, seven states had seceded from the Union. -
Fort Sumter is fired upon
guarded the Harbor at the charleston, South Carolina. Beauregard dispatched aides to Maj. Anderson to demand the fort’s surrender. Anderson refused. The next morning, Confederate batteries opened fire on Fort Sumter and continued for 34 hours. The Anderson did not return the fire for the first two hours, The fort's supply of ammunition was not suited for an equal fight. On Saturday, April 13, Anderson surrendered the fort. Incredibly, no soldiers were killed in battle.
