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Period: to
1865-1877
Reconstruction Era: Period of federal efforts to rebuild the South and establish civil and political rights for African Americans.
Freedmen's Bureau established: Provided food, clothing, medical care, and education to formerly enslaved people.
14th Amendment ratified: Defines citizenship and prohibits states from denying any person "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." -
Period: to
13th Amendment ratified
Abolishes slavery in the United States -
15th Amendment ratified
15th Amendment ratified: Prohibits states and the federal government from denying a citizen the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
Sharecropping system: Develops in the South, trapping many African Americans in a cycle of debt and poverty.
Rise of Jim Crow laws: Southern states enact discriminatory laws that segregate public spaces and disenfranchise Black voters.