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Afghanistan
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Closed Trade between Afghanistan and Pakistan
Pakistan decides to form their own country known as Pushtunistan which caused the borders to close between trade.The closed borders nearly crippled Afghanistan's economy because of a reliance on Pakistan's access to the Indian ocean for trade, and led to a heavy reliance on the Soviet Union. Economical -
Prince Daoud becomes Prime Minister
Prince Mohammad Daoud becomes Prime Minister. Since then, there has been a pattern of militaristic support through Russia. The Republic of Afghanistan from 1973, ended in 1978, when the democratic republic took over. The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan was a major instigator of the Afghan civil war of 1978. -
Oil is Discovered in Northern Afghanistan
50 oil wells were drilled in northern Afghanistan, after being discovered by the Soviet Union, the first being in the Angot oil field in Sar-i-Pul province. Exploration continued until 1984 and over 27 years, a total of 15 discoveries were made, seven oil fields and eight gas fields, with the last major discovery made in 1978. -
Afghan Constitution
A new constitution was ratified which instituted a democratic legislature. The Constitution on Afghanistan serves as the only legal framework between the Afghan government and the Afghan citizens. The constitution describes Islam as its sacred and state religion. Followers of other religions are allowed to exercise their failth, etc. within the limits of the law. Citizens are guaranteed the right to life and liberty, to privacy, of peaceful assembly, from torture and of expression and speech. -
Revolutionary Period
In the mid 60's and 70's the mechanization of agriculture revolutionized society and the tribal structure.
This communist revolution in Afghanistan can be traced to the assassination of Mohammed Akbar Khaibar on April 17, 1978. It also lead to a revolution in Pakistan in the same time span. -
Afghanistan becomes a Republic
Afghanistan claimed a rebublic. The democratic republic of Afghanistan comes into power and replaces the Marxist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA). -
Afghan-Soviet War
Afghanistan and the Soviet Union do not resolve conflicts until 1989. The Soviet-Union supporting the Marxist-Leninist government and Afghan supporting the Afghn Mujahideen. The mujahideen found military and financial support from many countries including the US. The Afghan War became a proxy war in the broader context of the late Cold War.
This major conflict with the Soivet Union destroyed Afghanistan's infrastructure and disrupted many already challenged areas. Social -
Civil War
Civil war breaks out because there is no longer a unified state, the various tribal groups each containing different cultures and religions. The Afghan civil war began when the communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) took power in a bloody military coup, known as the Saur Revolution, on 27 April 1978. -
Taliban captures Kabul
Taliban captures Kabul in September from Mujahideen regime. The mujahideen had ceased to recieve support from the US, Saudi Arabia, UK, Pakistan, Egypt, China and other nations which had weakened the nation's political structure. -
Taliban falls
Taliban Falls after 9/11 attacks on the U.S. This puts the country in distress and causes the War of Afghanistan for the next four years. The Taliban order all foreigners to leave Afghanistan and warn of retaliation if any of its neighbours aid U.S. attacks on Afghanistan, which raises suspicions within the nation among other political unrest, and therefore the civil war continues on, and the government order the Taliban no longer in power. The Taliban are forced to agree to surrender. -
Afghanistan receives economical aid
The multi-billion dollar aid from international countries, led to economic growth in 2002, leading to agricultural production and during this period, the four-year drought also ended. The naton recieved aid from mainly the US, UK, Pakistan and Turkmentistan. -
Women gain rights to vote.
In 2005, Afghan women finally gain the rights to vote, and the Constitution accepted this right soon after the delayed September Presidential elections. The constitution has not been updated since. -
1.8 billion barrels of crude oil discovered
Afghanistan is found to maybe have 1.8 billion barrels of oil in the north of the country. "Afghanistan hopes that untapped mineral deposits valued at $3 trillion could help reduce the need to rely on Western cash for bankrolling its impoverished economy and for its soldiers to maintain security when foreign troops draw down numbers."
