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J.L Moreno
He was a Rumanian physician, social philosopher, and poet was the first to use terms such as inter-action research and action research. -
Kurt Lewin
He was a German American psychologist. He wasn't the first researcher to adopt action research however he was the first to develop a theory of action research that legitimized it within the social sciences. He was the first to study action research in 1944. He says that it is not possible to separate the research from the action needed to solve the problem. -
Term Action Research
The term Action Research is used for the first time in an academic paper by Ronald Lippitt and Marian Radke. -
Stephen Corey
He advocated that action research be utilized as an alternative to traditional research methodologies in education. He believed that actual teachers should be equal partners in the research process by playing a major role in the design of classroom research and in data collection and interpretation. -
Habermas
He identified three categories of knowledge: TECHNICAL, PRACTICAL, AND EMANCIPATORY. He believed that knowledge and human interest were inseparable and had a strong influence on action research. He maintained that it is unreasonable to assume valid knowledge can only be obtained through empirical-analytical methodologies, and by a relationship in which the research is separate from the subject being researched. -
Argyris y Schon
They came to refer to the continuous problem-solving process suggested by pragmatic logic as double-loop learning and attempted to redefine Action Research in ways that combine Lippit and Festinger. They equate rigorous research with product research. -
Thirion
Past the initial phase of Action Research (Thirion) states that the book was edited in 1953 by Stephen M. who popularized Action Research in the American media and directed it in educational areas. -
Carr, Kemmis and Grundy
They have identified an evolution of three forms of action research based on Habermas's theory of knowledge-constitutive interest:- Technical action research is guided by an interest in improving control over outcomes and is based on a positivist paradigm.
- Practical action research is guided by an interest in educating practitioners.
- Emancipatory action research is guided by an interest in emancipating people and groups from irrationality.
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Goyette and Lessard-Hebert
They identify a first-generation inspired by De Wey and the presuppositions of the New School movement by Karina Ley. On the other hand, the emergence of Action Research is associated with social struggles where action can't do without increasingly complex knowledge. -
Mc Kernan
He states that action research as a method of inquiry has evolved over the last century and careful study of the literature shows "Clearly and convincingly that action research is a root derivative of the scientific method reaching back to the science in education movement of the late nineteenth century" -
Journal - Educational Action Research
Educational Action Research is a fully refereed international journal concerned with exploring the dialogue between research and practice in educational settings. The considerable increase in interest in action research in recent years has been accompanied by the development of a number of different approaches: for example, to promote reflective practice; professional development. -
Journal - Action Research
Action Research is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal which is a forum for the development of the theory and practice of action research. The aim of the journal is to offer a viable alternative to dominant models of social science, one that is relevant to people in the conduct of their lives, their organizations and their communities. -
Methodological Tool;
Action Research was used as a methodological tool in the understanding and transformation of educational realities and practices. -
Constructive Research
Action research is described as constructive research since research provides knowledge about specific topics. -
Mills
According to Mills, a series of characteristics are established such as the relevance of change making it participatory and democratic. In 2014 Action Research was a respected social research practice because it had common sense towards real life problems. -
Kemmis and Mc Taggart
They emphasize three aspects: problem-solving, awareness, and knowledge production. -
Action research
Action research is considered an active, systematic, and rigorous process. Further ahead in 2018, according to Pring, four significant features are observed. -
Dialectical relationship.
The dialectical relationship between the mind and participation of the individual and society. In 2020, Action Research is a methodological tool that is used in the understanding and transformation of educational realities and practices.
