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Cognitivism
We quickly forget information over time if we make no attempt to retain it.- Hermann Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve
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Behaviourism
It states that all behaviours are learned through interaction with the environment.- John B. Watson
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Constructivism
Learning takes place in contexts. Learners form or construct much of what they learn and understand as a function of their experiences- Jerome Bruner
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The Modelling Effect: Observational Learning.
Learning also takes place when learners observe another person exhibiting a particular behaviour.- Bandura, Ross and Ross
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Conditions of Learning
The conditions of learning include internal conditions and and external conditions. He proposed five categories of learning outcomes and nine events of instruction.- Robert Gagné
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Scaffolding
Scaffolding consists of the activities provided by the educator, or more competent peer, to support the student as he or she is led through the zone of proximal development (which is them completing a task by themselves). Once the scaffolding has been phased out, students will then be able to complete the task again independently.- Wood, Bruner and Ross
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Social Learning Theory
Behaviour is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning.- Albert Bandura
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E-Learning and the Science of Instruction
Research-based guidelines on how best to present content with text, graphics, and audio as well as the conditions under which those guidelines are most effective.- Colvin-Clark and Mayer
