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Oct 12, 1492
Columbus discovers The New World
Columbus discovers The New World in 1492 while sailing on the Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria. -
King Louis XIV establishes his court at the Palace of Versailles
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Glorious Revolution
Was to the overthrow of the Catholic James II in England and his replacement by the Protestant William III and Mary II. Some see the Glorious Revolution as a Whig victory that established limited monarchy in England; others have emphasized the important role of the Tories in bringing down James II and stressed the compromise nature of the revolution settlement; still others have seen it as little more than a foreign invasion, a dynastic coup brought about from outside. -
Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights presented to them by Parliament, thereby acknowledging that their power came from the legislature rather than from any concept of the "divine right of kings."The Bill of Rights confirmed traditional English liberties, especially the power of Parliament to make laws and consent to taxation. It also confirmed and guaranteed freedom of speech and denied the legitimacy of cruel and unusual punishments. -
The Treaty of Utrecht
The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 ended the Spanish American war of Spanish secession. -
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Cesare Beccaria- "On Crime and Punishment"
During the summer of 1764, Cesare Beccaria created a publication that has influenced the way laws and punishments or implemented even to this modern day. -
The Third Estate decalred themselves as the National Assembly
During the end of the 1700’s France faced a serious fiscal crisis. So instead of taxing the wealthiest people, the king decided to tax the poor. -
Fall of the Bastille
The fall of the Bastille was very symbolic during the French revolution. No one had ever been able to penetrate these walls. -
Mary Wollstonecraft, "A Vindication of the Right's of Women"
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Cotton Gin
Eagle Cotton GinThe invention of the cotton gin was a major breakthrough during the industrial revolution. -
Louis XVI execution
As a result of bad economic policies by the late king Louis XV, French citizens started to revolt against the ruling minority. -
The Reign of Terror
The reign of terror was seen as one of the worst parts during the French revolution. -
French Revolution
During the years of 1789 to1802 France endured a history changing turn of events. These events caused the French revolution to change governtment, military, administration and culture. The revolution caused a series of wars throughout Europe and overthrew the monarchy of the Bourbons in France. -
Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna
1814 European powers met at Congress of Vienna. The peace settlement aimed high and produced to treaties one in 1814 and one in 1815 for Germany and Poland. The congress sought to restore countries to order. The main goal of the Congress of Vienna was to create a balance of power that would preserve the peace. Some of the achievements of the Congress of Vienna are Switerland being declared a neutral, Norway and Sweden where joined under one ruler and France was restor -
Greek War of Independence
This war caught the attention of so many because of the dedication to the Greek lands by the people. The Greeks wanted to claim their independence from the Ottoman empire The war caused the Greeks to demonize against the Turkish by enslaving them and imprisoning them as well. When the Ottoman empire became aware of the actions taking place they sent armed troops to take over the island. The events ultimately led to the deaths of many Turkish prisoners by Greek invaders. In 1814. -
Decembrits Rebellion
The Decembrist revolt took place in Imperial Russia in 1825. Russian army commanders led over three thousand soldiers in a protest against Nicholas I assumption that the throne of Constantine, his older brother, removed himself from the line of succession. The Decembrists where men of noble families and members of elite regiments many served in armies that drove Napoleon back to France. The Decembrists were originally a secret social society with the intention of replacing a czarist monarchy wit -
Treaty of Nanking
In 1848 the treaty of Nanking compelled the Chinese to give British trading privileges including the right to the five cities and and the port in Hong Kong. This treaty marked the end of the first opium war between Britain, and the Qing dynasty in china. The ties of the treaty steamed from the queen of great Britain and the emperor of china. The treaty wast designed to end the war that devastated the agricultural growth of the land and took a death toll of over 20 million people -
Great Famine
The Great Famine was a period of mass starvation.dieases and emigration between 1845 and 1852. The great famine was also known as the Irish potato famine. Because of the mass stravation and dieases the population decreased from 20-25 percent. Approximately one million people died and one million people emgrated from ireland -
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Frankfurt Peasant Revolt
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Frankfort ASSEMBLY
The Frankfort assembly was the second and most idealistic stage of the revolution that began with the t of Small Germany offering Fredrick William IV the throne to the new Germany. The assembly was successful in standing for the nationhood of Germany and for new changes in political aspects of the community and enforcing rule of law.election of delegates to an all German assembly in Frankfurt. The assembly was designed for representatives from Prussia, Austria, and the small German states to di -
Crimean War
Started due to a dispute between the French and Russian religious groups over who should have access to holy areas in the Middle East, that is Nazareth and Jerusalem. It seems that religion has a lot to answer for when it comes to war, because inevitably discussions turned to arguments, which turned to violence, which resulted in death on both sides. The situation was compound when the Russians, moved troops into the area, supposedly in order to shield the aforementioned sacred grounds. -
The Sepoy Rebellion
The Sepoy Rebellion of 1857 or the Great Rebellion of 1857 as it was famously known in India, Started since a regiment of the Sepoy refused to grease their rifles with pork fat. -
“Sepoy Rebellion”/ Great Rebellion
Began with Indian soldiers of the British East India Company but developed into a common uprising against British rule in India. The resentment against British rule grew, mainly in the north. Land taxes forced by the British caused many difficulties for farmers. British land reforms took away land from many Indian people. The Indian Rebellion quickly spread throughout India. However, the rebels were poorly organized, had few weapons, and lacked good leadership and by 1859, they were defeated. -
Charles Darwin published "Origin of Species"
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American Civil War
Arose over arguments taxation, tariffs, internal improvements, the military, and slavery. Federalists thought the government and the executive needed to maintain their power to ensure the survival of the union. But, anti-federalists felt that states should retain much of their control within the new nation. They believed that each state should have the right to decide the laws within its own borders and should not be forced to follow the mandates of the federal government unless necessary. -
Second Industiral Revolution
Second industrial revolution had three main keys in innovation which were: steel, electricity and chemicals. -
Franko Prussian War
The Franco Prussian War was a conflict that began among second french empire and prussia.This war caused for changes to France and Germany ultimatiely leading to the downfall of the second French empire and causing the formation of the french third republic -
Berlin Conference
European powers finally laid claim to virtually all of Africa. Parts of the continent had been "explored," but now representatives of European governments and rulers arrived to create or expand African spheres of influence for their patrons. Spheres of influence began to crowd each other. It was time for negotiation, and in late 1884 a conference was convened in Berlin to sort things out. This conference laid the groundwork for the now familiar politico-geographical map of Africa. -
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The Dreyfus Affair
Alfred Dreyfus was falsely accused of treason and lataer exonerated and reinstated as a Major in the Frency Army -
The Boer War
The Boer War happened at the end of the 19th century in 1899 which evolved the Boer republic and the British Empire. -
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion is considered one of the most important rebellions of the century. This movement was also known as the Righteous Harmony Society. The group was against western imperialism. The uprising was initiated when bands of boxers attacked foreign engineers , tore up railway lines and in the spring of 1900 the boxers marched on Beijing. This rebellion caught the attention of larger areas causing approximately 20000 troops of combined forces from Britian, France, United States, Germany, -
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1st Russian Revolution
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Schlieffen Plan
Schlieffen Plan was named after Count Alfred von Schlieffen, chief of the German General Staff. -
World War I
As nations continued to build up their armies, people began to feel less optimistic about a peaceful future. -
Trench Warfare
Trench WarfareEven though trench warfare was largely associated with WWI, It was also in the American Civil War, Russo-Japenese War and the Second Anglo Boer War. -
The Battle of Verdun
Battle of Verdun happened in February 1916 on France’s eastern border. -
Russian Revolution/ October Revolution
As the war worsened, many Russians grew tiresome of the whole initiative. Some even questioned their commander’s tactics during the battles. -
Russian Civil War
Was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian government collapsed to the Soviets, under the power of the Bolshevik party. The fighting arises between the Bolshevik Red Army, and the forces of the White Army. Other nationalist and local political groups also participated in the war, including the Ukrainian nationalist Green Army, the Ukrainian anarchist Black Army and Black Guards, and warlords such as Ungern von Sternberg. -
Paris Peace Conference
At the end of the First World War, the Paris peace treaty was signed France stating that Germany was obligated to pay large amounts of war debt and also reduce their armies. -
The Great Depression
: when the stock market in the United States dropped rapidly. Thousands of investors lost large sums of money and many lost everything which is known as The 'crash'. The resulting period ranked as the longest and worst period of high unemployment and low business activity. Many people came to depend on the government or charity to provide them with food. The Depression became a worldwide business slump of the 1930's that affected almost all nations. -
Spanish Civil war
When Franco's fascist troops invaded Spain with the idea of overthrowing the unstable Republic, the Spanish working class responded by making a revolution that went much more toward realizing the classless ideal of proletarian socialism than any earlier popular revolt. Almost overnight, workers seized factories and other workplaces, workers' militias were formed throughout the country; the church was dismantled, and its property confiscated. -
Stalin’s “Great Terror/Great Purge"
Era where a million people died and as many as 1.5 million more in labor camps. Stalin eliminated his enemies and individuals and groups he considered unnecessary to the new Soviet society. The Bolshevik Party 100,000 party members were removed either with prison sentences or executed. He also purged the military of people he deemed potential threats by arresting up to 40,000 officers and shooting 10,000. Peasants and petty criminals and other social misfits were arrested and many shot. -
Holocaust
After talking the rights from Jews and enforcing a policy of terror. Nazi leaders took the last step to rid their society of any Jewish ancestry. -
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor happened on a calm Sunday morning on December 7, 1941. -
D-Day
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The Atom Bomb
The Atom Bomb was first in the race of being made; British physicist and German scientist thought it was possible to split an atom. The United States and Germany were both racing in the application of fission. In 1943 Los Alamos was established in New Mexico, which held the most capable nuclear physicist in the country. On July 16th 1945 the atomic bomb was first tested, within a month it was used 2 more times which left an impacted on the world. It’s what made the Japanese to ultimately surren -
The Marshall Plan
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The Collapse of the Berlin Wall
