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The civilization of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
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A religion still followed by people
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A religion
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A religion
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Used for trade of all kinds
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Jesus
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A religion
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The Time when the forces of darkness (barbarians) overwhelmed the forces of light (Romans)
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a religion
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Age of the Caliphs
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A "Holy War" between European Christians and the Muslim Turks.
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Birth-death
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birth - death
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Ibn Battuta's travels
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First Europeans to sail to Australia were the Dutch (Netherlands) in 1606, but they didn’t settle there. The Dutch made one landing, were attacked by Aborigines, and then abandoned further exploration.
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British rule in India from 1757-1947. This period became known as the British Raj.
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Captain James Cook sailed around Australia
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Captain James Cook sailed around Australia.
Cook named the area New South Wales. Ignored the Aborigines living there & claimed the land for England.
Sailors also mapped the coast eastern Australia and Tasmania. -
He was a social reformer, journalist, and educationist.
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British ships called the "First Fleet" left England with convicts to establish a prison colony
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1787 – British ships called the “First Fleet” left England with convicts to establish a prison colony.
1788—British prisoners settled in Australia. -
British prisoners settled in Australia
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New South Wales was officially a penal (prison) colony consisting mainly of convicts, marines (guards), and the marines’ families.
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1788 to 1832: New South Wales was officially a penal (prison) colony consisting mainly of convicts, marines (guards), and the marines’ families.
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the time which India was ruled by the east India company
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remnants of the tribes in the settled areas were moved onto Reserves
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it was the destination for the hardest of convicted British and Irish criminals, those who were secondary offenders having re-offended after their arrival in Australia.
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From 1833, until the 1850s, it was the destination for the hardest of convicted British and Irish criminals, those who were secondary offenders having re-offended after their arrival in Australia.
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a large number of British-trained
Indian soldiers(sepoys) rebelled against their British officers. Britain ended up winning. -
government officials created boundaries for the colonies that are still in place today.
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- 1861: government officials created boundaries for the colonies that are still in place today.
- January 1, 1901: the Commonwealth of Australia was established.
- Melbourne served as the national capital until Canberra was completed in 1927
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British transported prisoners to Australia until 1868. By this time, many free immigrants were settling there.
They built businesses, trading posts, farms, etc. -
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this is when The "Scramble for Africa" took place
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Wanted to avoid war.
Agree upon carving up African continent into colonies.
Drawn up without African participation. Provided the basis for the subsequent partition (break up), invasion, and colonization of Africa by various European powers European armies sent to consolidate their claims & impose colonial rule RESULT: a transformation of political & economic Africa, with virtually all parts of the continent colonized by 1900.
European colonies embraced all of Africa except Ethiopia & Liberia. -
Primarily made up of Hindus Pushed for self rule Boycotted British goods to protest division of Bengal by religion (Wore only traditional Indian clothing)
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separation was an official government policy which lasted for many decades
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The Commonweallth of Australia was established
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restricted migration to people primarily of European descent
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Immigration Restriction Act of 1901: restricted migration to people primarily of European descent. This was dismantled after the Second World War.
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1914 Young Turks join WWI on the side of Germany and are defeated April 24, 1915
250 Armenian community, political, religious, educational, leaders were rounded up in the middle of the night in Istanbul, shot and killed -
when it happened.
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Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his Wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg one hour before their deaths, June 28, 1914. The assassination was the spark that ignited the war.
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Germany told Americans to stay off British ships, as they could and would sink them.
Germany torpedoed the Lusitania, sinking it with 1200 passengers and crew (including 128 Americans).
It was eventually found to be carrying 4200 cases of ammunition. -
Starved/killed people Result: By the end of 1915, approximately 1,000,000 Armenians had died By the end of 1923, nearly the entire population of Armenians in Turkey had been extinguished
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In 1917, Germany announced “unlimited submarine warfare” in the war zone. Otherwise, Germany’s blockade would not be successful.
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Russia left the war after its communist revolution in 1917. Russia’s withdrawal allowed Germany to fight a one- front war with all its troops concentrated on France (remember this point when you study WWII!).
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Hitler wrote Mein Kampf (“My Struggle) in 1925 while he was in prison.This became the Nazi ideology – and it attacked Jews, Communists, democracy, and the Treaty of Versailles.Hitler also wrote that Germany needed to destroy the French Nation and conquer Russia, among other things.The book sold/distributed 10 million copies between 1925-1934.
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Melbourne served as the national capital until Canberra was completed
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Federal government began to pass legislation to help the Aborigines
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Australia Act -- all legal ties with the British Empire were severed
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The day I (Eva) was born.