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Dalton Model
John Dalton believed all elements are composed of tiny individual particles called atoms with no internal structure. He also believed atoms of different elements can phisically mix together to form a compound. -
Thompson Model
J.J Thompson discovered the electron. He experimented with a glass tube and gasses. This experiment involved passing electric current through gasses at low pressure to make a glow in the glass tube. Andd it worked! -
Rutherford Model
Rutherford and his coworkers decided to test the current theory of atomic structure which they called Rutherford's Gold-Foil Experiment. The process involved a narrow beam of alpha particles that was directed at the gold foil. The particles would either go through the gold foil or bounce off. A small fraction of particles bounced off the foil but some went through. So from Rutherfords experiement he concludes that the atom is mostly empty space. -
Bohr Model
Niels Bohr, a young Danish physicist believed that Rutherford's model needed improvement. He prososed that an element is found only in specific circular paths, or orbits, around the nucleus. He believed each possible electron orbit has a fixed energy. So that was the start of energy levels. Thats why today we have energy rings for the amount of electrons there are.
example..
first energy level holds 2 electrons
second energy level holds 8 electrons
third energy level holds 18 electrons. -
Electron Cloud Model
Erwin Schrodinger developed mathematical equations to describe the mothion of electrons. This model is a visual model of probable locations of electrons in an atom.
