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Taking A land from Mexico and making it A new state. Its important because they dont know rather it will be a slave state or not.
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The annexation was approved and so Mexico broke off diplomatic relations wit the United States. They were trying to get alot more land. The Ambassidor didnt want to give up its lands.
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The treaty was a document stating what Mexico had to give up after losing the war. Mexico Government wanted peace. Its important because it tells how mexico lost the war and not just compromising with the U.S.
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California was choosing to be A free state and joining the union. This is important because it could have an effect on fragile balance of freed and slave states and upset the senate.