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First Great Awakening 1720
The first great awakening started and was caused by being religiously divided in the 13 colonies. It consisted of shifting ideals and beliefs causing some issues as well as creating branches of Catholicism. The change in religious ideals will cause another shift later on called The Second Great Awakening (very creative huh). -
The Albany Plan
The Albany Plan was where all 13 colonies were brought together for a meeting. Benjamen Franklin was the one who called the meeting to discuss how if they didn't all come together as one then they would all fall. The group in turn shot down the plan because they didn't want to give up their sovereignty. -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was an act that the king of Britain passed that said "No expansion past the appellation mountains. This was a reaction for us questioning the king and why troops were still in the midst. The people from the colonies didn't listen and moved west anyways without the king's approval. -
Boston Massacre
The Boston massacre was a riot that occurred in 1770 where the American colonists were protesting the British soldiers and eventually started throwing snow balls and rocks at the soldiers. One officer got hit and shot into the crowd which made the other soldiers fire as well. This shooting resulted in 5 colonists to die and kindled the revolution. -
Boston Tea Party
the Boston Tea Party was a reaction to "Taxation without Representation". Thus the Sons of Liberty dressed up as Indians raided a merchant ship full of tea and dumbed its cargo overboard. -
Intolerable Acts
Intolerable Acts were a series of 3 acts that the king put on US colonies. The parts of these acts include, shutting down the Boston harbor, outlawing assemblies, and taking total control of the colonial government, trade and commerce were regulated, and Higher taxes were enacted. This was just more kindling under the fire of the revolution. At the same time, the first continental Congress was taking place in Philadelphia. -
America Gains Independence
America became its own country and declared independence from Britain. This caused the Revolutionary War, which didn't end until 1783. George Washington makes an appearance here and gets a name for himself during this war as a general. -
Thomas Paine Writings
Thomas Paine made the writing common sense which blew up and helped people experience independence in the command tongue. Less than a year later Paine wrote "American Crisis" which was a series of 9 essays. He wrote these because at this time soldiers in the continental armies were experiencing low moral. -
Second Continental Congress
The second continental congress was a meeting of delegates to decide on how to progress through the war. Here the Declaration of Independence is made and signed. George Washington was appointed the Head general of the Continental Army and they raised an army for him to lead. -
Treaty of Paris
The treaty of paris was a documents signed by officials to end the revolutionary war. The newly created America also are granted all britsih lands between the Atlantic ocean, and the Mississippi river to British canada. This was also a show to the rest of the world that America was here to stay and become something. -
George Washington Election/ Federal Judiciary Act
George Washington was so loved that he got chosen for the presidency and was never run against. The Judiciary Act was also passed, which built the federal court system. These systems are separate from state court systems. -
Eli Whitney's Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney created the cotton gin to easily separate the fiber and seed in cotton leaving out a very labour-intensive process. Using the cotton gin is much faster and easier leading to a significant increase in cotton production. This also helped fuel the Southern economy. -
Whiskey Rebllion
The Whiskey Rebellion was the first main test of the Declaration of Independence, and it passed. The whiskey rebellion started out as PA farmers got mad at the taxation on whiskey. Thus the United States Army forced the rebellion to an end and got the farmers to pay the tax and uphold the new federal government. -
Pickney's treaty
Pickney's treaty was an agreement letting the US use the Mississippi River and the port in New Orleans. This treaty also helped distinguish borders as well as help with navigation. -
Eli Whitney's interchangeable parts
Interchangeable parts standardized the manufacturing process. This meant that parts could be mass-produced and easily replaced leading to increased productivity and faster assembly of products. It also was made very cost-effective and efficient. -
XYZ Affair Alien Sedation Acts
XYZ affair was a delegation of three American diplomats who were trying to repair relations with France and the French demanded $250,000 just to negotiate peace. Americans rejected this and were outraged but John Adams avoided war and negotiated peace. Alien and Sedation Acts would allow the president to deport any alien he considered dangerous, makd it illegal for newspapers to print any material that is harmful to the president or Congress, and extend the time needed to become a US citizen. -
Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions (KVR)
Infuriated by-laws, some states began to review the acts and decided to nullify laws. The "KVR" stated that since the constitution was a pact between the states and the federal government, if the government did something to break that pact, the states could decide that those laws were void in their state (this was called nullification). -
Midnight Judge Act
While Adams was still president he appointed judges so when Jefferson took office he didn't bring down the laws he made. The Supreme Court declares the right of judicial review. Judicial review is the right to declare laws unconstitutional and strike them down. -
Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson was worried that Spain would go back on their deal for New Orleans so he wanted to buy it for $3 million, Napoleon didn't want it unless he took the whole Louisiana territory for $15 million. Jefferson took the deal which doubled the united states' size and confirmed our place on the Mississippi River and New Orleans. -
First Train Steam Engine
The first steam engine in a train was a major turn in American history. The train steam engine made it 100 times easier to move troops and supplies during the Civil War, immensely increased the US economy down the road, and became the backbone of America. -
Embargo of 1807
The Embargo of 1807 happened during the Napoleonic wars, and the British and French took control of American vessels and enslaved American sailors. So Thomas Jefferson reacted by closing all US ports to export and restricting imports from Britain. A lot of big companies were left in ruins and mad, but it ended up helping the American economy a lot. -
First Steam Boat Used In The Mississippi
The steamboat was an amazing invention in 1811 because it was the first time it was brought to the Mississippi. This helped with farmers looking to sell their goods being able to down the river and go back up much quicker than it was before. The steamboats also helped immigrants move into the US bringing up the population. -
Second Great Awakening
The second great awakening was a religious revival movement that took place in the 19th century which emphasized personal salvation, individualism, and a more democratic approach to religion. This continued for about twenty years. -
Tariff of 1828
The Tariff of 1828 was also known as the "Tariff of Abominations". It was a tariff passed by the US Congress that imposed high import taxes on imported goods. The goal was to protect American industries from foreign competition, but it ended up angering the southern states. -
Cherokee Nation Sues GA
The state of Georgia tried to assert its authority over Cherokee lands, but the Cherokee nation took things into its own hands in the case of Worcester v. Georgia. The Georgia court ruled in favor of the Cherokee, recognizing their sovereignty and right to the land. President Andrew Jackson however, ignored the ruling and forced the Trail of Tears following shortly after. -
Liberator Is Published
Founded by William Lloyd Garrison in 1831 and played a crucial role in the abolitionist movement. The liberator was known for its strong anti-slavery stance and its powerful, persuasive writing. It became a platform for abolitionist voices and helped vocalize public opinion against slavery. -
Oberlin College
Founded in 1833 with a rich history of promoting social justice and equality. Oberlin College was also the first college to accept women and African Americans. John Fredrick Oberlin was a prominent missionary and philanthropist who graduated from Oberlin College. -
Texas Declares Independence From Mexico
This declaration marked the birth of the Republic of Texas, as Texas sought to separate itself from Mexican rule. The declaration talked about Mexico's wrongdoings like issues related immigration, slavery, and the centralization of power. This eventually led to the Texas Revolution which lasted until 1836. -
The Stism
The stsim also referred to as The Panic of 1841 was a financial crisis. It was marked by a severe economic depression, with widespread bank failures, business closures, and high unemployment rates. The panic had a significant impact on various groups of Americans, particularly workers and farmers who faced job loss and financial hardships. -
Texas Breaks Out In War With Mexico
The Texas-Meican War also known as the Mexican-American war, lasted two years and began with the annexation of Texas by America, which Mexico still considered a territory. The United States believed the border between Texas and Mexico was Rio Grande, while Mexico claimed it was the Nueces River. This diss agreement led to war and ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which gave up all of the Mexican Territory to the US government -
Senrica Falls Convention
This convention was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott along with other activists. This also marked the start of the women's suffrage movement in the United States. The convention addressed the social, civil, and religious rights of women and paved the way for future advancements in women's rights movements. -
Bleeding Kansas Starts
Bleeding Kansas was an intense clash between anti-slavery settlers and pro-slavery settlers. There were massacres and raids involving bleeding Kansas. This also becomes a symbol of deep divisions and tensions between the North and the South. -
Election of 1860
The Election of 1860 was so unusual because it split each party giving the whole election four candidates. Lincoln won with less than about 40% of the popular vote but did win a lot by the Electoral College vote. This election also was the reason for multiple southern states' secession and started the Civil War. -
Civil War Starts
The South believed the war was about slavery and abolitionism but the North and Abraham Lincoln believed it to be about preserving the nation at first but then made the war about slavery later on. The Civil had major lasting effects, like the Anaconda Plan, and inflation in the southern states. -
Morill Act
The Morrill Act, otherwise known as the "Land-Grant College Act" aimed to promote higher education in the United States. The act granted the federal law to each state to establish colleges that focused on specific degrees. The Morrill Act provided accessible education to a broader range of students. -
Emancipation Proclamation
This was a significant executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil was that declared all slave people in Confederate territory were to be set free. However, the Emancipation Proclamation did not immediately free all slaves, it's primary purpose was to weaken he Confederacy. -
The 13th amendment passes
It was ratified in 1865 and abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States. This amendment was a major step forward in achieving equality. This also was a powerful aim towards ensuring individuals are treated with dignity and respect. -
Anaconda Plan
The end of the anaconda plan took place in 1865 leading to the Union victory. The Anaconda plan was aimed at defeating the Confederacy by cutting off all trade and making the South entire economic system to crash. This created such inflation and so many economic issues that the South eventually gave up. -
NAWSA Is Founded
NAWSA is the National American Woman Suffrage Association, which was a prominent organization for women's suffrage in the United States. It played a much bigger role in 1890 in fighting for women's rights to vote. Later on, in 1920, women were allowed to vote with the passing of the 19th Amendment. -
The WCTU is Created
The WCTU or the Women's Christian Temperance Union, was created in 1874 to combat the harmful effects of alcohol on individuals, and society. Led by Francis Willard the WCTU advocated for temperance and believed alcohol consumption led to various social issues. Some were domestic violence, and poverty, and sought to promote sobriety and moral values. -
Mississippi Plan
The Mississippi Plan was a series of policies and actions implemented by white Democrats in the late 19th century to suppress black voting rights and maintain white supremacy. It included tactics such as literary tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses which aimed to scare off African American voters. These discriminatory measures were part of a broader effort across the southern states to restrict the political power and rights of Black Americans. -
Munn v Illinois
This was a Supreme Court case in 1877 that dealt with the regulation of private businesses that serve the public interest. The decision of this case established the principle that the government can regulate private businesses for the public good. As well as laying the groundwork for future regulations. -
Anti-Saloon league Was Created
Anti-saloon league was a prominent organization in the temperance movement. The league aimed to promote the complete prohibition of alcohol in the United States. They believed that alcohol consumption led to various social issues, such as poverty, abuse in the household, and crime. -
19th Amendment is passed
The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote. This amendment was a result of the tireless efforts of women's rights activists who fought for equality. Susan B. Anthony played a major role in getting the 19th amendment passed.