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Geneva, Switzerland hosts the first United Nations-sponsored International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy. More than 1,400 scientists from 73 nations attended.
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The Soviet Union successfully launches Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite, beginning the Space Race. -
NASA was founded on this day, beginning America's dive into the Space Race.
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The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries including Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela is created.
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John F. Kennedy becomes president on this day.
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The United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union sign the Limited Test Ban Treaty prohibiting underwater, atmospheric, and outer space nuclear tests.
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Lyndon B. Johnson becomes President
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Richard M. Nixon becomes President on this day. -
President Ford signs the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, extending oil price controls into 1979, while also mandating fuel economy standards, and authorizing the creation of a strategic petroleum reserve.