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1949 Asbestos Strike
- Miners wanted safer conditions and more money
- Duplessis supported employers and declared strike illegal
- It affected labor movement, the production of Asbestos in Quebec and led to political tensions
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Arrival of television in Quebec
- 1952 TV arrived in Quebec
- Strong post-war economy allowed this and it was the start of consumer society
- It led to exposure to American culture (Americanism) through TV: culture of freedom, material comfort, success
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Richard Riot
- March 17, 1955 riot breaks out in Montreal when Maurice Richard is suspended from playoffs for fighting
- an injustice committed by anglophone NHL president against francophone Canadiens superstar caused this event
- event becomes associated with identity and tension between French-English (all above from class slides 11)
- It led to rise of Quebec nationalism, tensions between French and English and increase of political awareness (class notes)
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St. Laurence Waterway completed
- The needs of transportation and the development of economic led to this event.
- It led to boost of trade and transportation, industrial growth and port development.
- It strengthened the relations between the USA and Canada, both nations shared benefits.
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Period: to
The Quiet Revolution
Jean Lesage, premier of Quebec Lester B. Pearson, the prime minister of Canada
- Large scale of modernization(slides 28)
- The state take more responsibility to society (interventionist)(class notes)
- Education: secularization, compulsory attendance to age 15, free (slides 28)
- The Welfare state
- nationalized many province companies
QR led to a more educated society, Quebec Neo-nationalism, higher rate of unionization, increased small francophone business and start of separatist parties -
Nationalization of Electricity
- State wants to control direction of economy and society for the benefit of Quebec, created economic nationalism
- 1962 nationalized electricity by buying out all electricity companies and merged them with Hydro-Quebec into one crown corporation
- built dams to ensure a reliable supply of electricity to even remote regions
- It led to many jobs and great source of revenue for the State
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1970 October Crisis
- October 1970, FLQ kidnaps James Cross and killed Liberal minister Pierre Laporte (slides 46)
- War Measures Act invoked, military called out, some FLQ arrested, others given safe conduct to Cuba James Cross released
- Quebec radical Nationalism and the Desire for Sovereignty led to this event
- The event was a major factor in the eventual rise of the Parti Québécois, solidified the divide between Quebec nationalists and federalists, leading to further political and social tensions
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1973 Oil Crisis
- 1973 Arab-Israeli war breaks out, OPEC raises prices of oil to weaken non-Arab countries that supported Israel
- Western economic growth stagnated due to oil shortages and increase in cost of transportation and goods
- Quebec enters period of economic instability, inflation and reduced purchasing power (all from class slides 51)
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1977 Charter of the French Language (Bill 101)
- Francophones worried French language losing ground to English. It led to Bill 101
- 1977 Charter of the French Language (Bill 101) passed to protect and promote language
- It required children of immigrants attend francophone school until end of high school and imposed French only on commercial and public signs, inside and outside
- Bill 101 causes many anglophones left for Ontario (Class slides 56)