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Wilson's 14 Points
American peace terms concerning World War I -
Allies Win
The Allies win WW1 -
The Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution,
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The Blockade of Germany
Also known as the Economic War -
The March 1st Movement against Japanese colonial rule in Korea is formed.
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Irish Republican Army
A Anglo-Irish War was fought between Crown forces and the Irish Republican Army between January 1919 and June 1921. -
Self-Declared Independence
A declaration of independence was ratified by Dáil Éireann, the self-declared Republic's parliament in January 1919. -
Signing of the Treaty
The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The final conditions were determined by the leaders of the "Big Three" nations: British Prime Minister David Lloyd George, French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau, and American President Woodrow Wilson. -
Socialist parties
Socialist parties were also gaining support, and in the 1919 elections it was the Socialist Party that gained the most votes. -
Hitler joined the German Workers' Party in Munich
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Paul Whiteman Band Brings American Jazz to Germany
Jazz music became a symbol of American culture to Germans and was both admired and reviled by members of the German public and intellectuals. -
Founding of the Nazi Party
Adolf Hitler joined the German Workers' party as a spy for the army and later became its leader. -
The National Fascist Party
The National Fascist Party was another post-war party that began to gain support in the early 1920s. -
Ireland gaisn Independence
Republic of Ireland gains independence -
The Birth of Ireland
Northern Ireland was created in 1920, and the Irish Free State -
First meeting of the Leauge of Nations
First meeting of the full assembly of the Leage of Nations in Geneva. The US does not enter the League. -
Conference in Paris
Conference in Paris on reparations proceeds without participation of Germany. They decide that Germany has to pay 269 billion Goldmarks and, for 42 years,12% of the value of German exports. This excluded any reparations that Russia might demand. -
Woodrow Wilson becomes President
Woodrow Wilson: a Democrat who was president -
Germany agrees to the conditions.
Germany agrees to the conditions. -
US makes their own treaty.
The US, not having signed the treaty of Versailles, makes its own peace treaty with Germany and Austria. -
Washington Conference
Washington Conference on arms reduction successfully reduces the size of the US, British, Japanese, French and Italian fleets. -
Italy Clashes
In 1922 clashes between the left-wing and right-wing factions emerged in Italy. -
The March On Rome
In Italy the nationalist movement under Mussolini, disappointed with the results of the war for Italy, takes power. Fascism and Antifascism start to become competing ideologies. -
Benito
The Fascists named Benito Mussolini the Prime Minister of Italy -
Germany failed to make reparation payment
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Beerhall Putch
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The Dawes Plan
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Hitler was sentenced to five years' imprisonment
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Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan negotiated international (mainly U.S.) loans to Germany, which introduced stability and a period of prosperity, and contributed to the end of hyper-inflation. -
The Locarno Conference
The Locarno Conference solves many open questions and is a first important step to a system of collective security in Europe. Nationalists on all sides severly criticize the treaty. -
Hitler was released from prison and began to rebuild the Nazi Party
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Fapper Age starts in America
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"Black Reichswehr" Investigation
Critics of the military such as Kurt Tucholsky and Carl von Ossietsky had consistently accused the army of funding and arming paramilitary groups, the so-called Black Reichswehr. -
Japan's Communist Party
\By 1926 the Japan Communist Party had been forced underground, -
Hitler declared leader of the Nazi Party
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"Metropolis" Opens in Germany
"Metropolis" was directed by Austrian Fritz Lang and released in 1926. It was based on the novel of the same name by Lang's wife, Thea von Harbou. -
Founding of Kaiser Wilhelm Institute
In 1927, the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Genetics, and Eugenics (Kaiser Wilhelm Institut fuer Anthoropologie, menschliche Erblehre und Eugenik ) was founded by Prof. Eugen Fisher in Berlin. The Institute paved the way for eugenic laws and practices during the later Nazi era, and participated in and sponsored medical experiments by SS doctors. -
Trotsky fled to Turkey
4 Mar 1927By 1927, Trotsky had lost his position on the Central Committee, and was expelled from the party. He fled to Turkey, and eventually to Mexico, where he was killed in 1940 by a Stalinist agent. -
Free State
In 1922, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Ireland effectively seceded from the United Kingdom to become the Irish Free State; a day later, Northern Ireland seceded from the Free State and became part of the United Kingdom. As a result, in 1927 the United Kingdom changed its formal title to the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,". Former parts of the British Empire became independent dominions. -
Free State
In 1922, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Ireland effectively seceded from the United Kingdom to become the Irish Free State; a day later, Northern Ireland seceded from the Free State and became part of the United Kingdom. As a result, in 1927 the United Kingdom changed its formal title to the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,". Former parts of the British Empire became independent dominions. -
NEP
1928 also marked the end of the NEP, which allowed peasants to sell their surplus on the open market. -
Economic in the Soviet Union
In 1928, Soviet economic policy markedly turned toward the mass collectivization of agriculture. -
First Five Year Plan
This 1,700 page report became the basis of the First Five-Year Plan for National Economic Construction, or Piatiletka, calling for the doubling of Soviet capital stock between 1928 and 1933. -
Gosplan released two drafts
In April 1928 Gosplan released two drafts that began the process that would industrialize the primarily agrarian nation -
The Kellogg-Briand Pact
The Kellogg-Briand Pact is signed by 15 Nations, 39 more until the end of 29. -
Ruth Fisher Loses Leadership Position in German Communist Party
Ruth Fischer lost her struggle to keep the German Communist Party from becoming totally subservient to Joseph Stalin. The Communists went on to aid Hitler and the Nazis in their efforts to destroy the Weimar Republic. The Communist Party leadership believed that Hitler could not possibly be successful in ruling Germany and that they would be the beneficiaries of his failure. Their slogan became “Nach Hitler Uns” (After Hitler Us). -
George Grosz On Trial For Blasphemy
George Grosz was tried for blasphemy for a drawing he had published of a crucified Christ in a gas mask. The inscription on the drawing said, ”Shut Up and Obey.” Judge Siegert, a conservative jurist, decided that the drawing was a critique of militarism and not of religion and found in Grosz’s favor. The Nazis would later dismiss Judge Siegert for having made this decision. -
Wall Street Crash
In October 1929, the Wall Street Crash occurred. Its impact was felt worldwide. -
Jazz Age
The Jazz Age dominated the 1920's along with Prohibition but the glamour of this period came to a shattering halt with the Wall Street Crash of October 1929. -
Wall Street Effects
1) 12 million people out of work
2) 12,000 people being made unemployed every day
3) 20,000 companies had gone bankrupt
4) 1616 banks had gone bankrupt
5) 1 farmer in 20 evicted
6) 3,000 people committed suicide in one year - the highest ever -
What was popular in the US
Not only were cars popular. Radios (10 million sold by 1929), hoover’s, fridge’s and telephones sold in huge numbers. -
Japan's Great Depression
Externally, Black Thursday (Wall Street crash) of October 1929 and the ensuing Great Depression in the world economy had a severe negative impact on the Japanese economy. -
Joachim Hossenfelder Joins the Nazi Party
1 Apr 1929Joachim Hossenfelder was born in 1899. In 1917, he volunteered for military service and fought at the battles of the Somme and Verdun. As a student of theology after the war, Hossenfelder was active in right wing Freikorps activities. He claimed in 1922 that the experiences at the front were the greatest and most powerful he ever had and that "To become warriors for God and fatherland was the task the war had set for us." -
Young Plan
First Haague conference. The proposed Young Plan further reduces the reparations of Germany. The end of the occupation of the Rhineland by the allies is scheduled for mid 1930. -
Black Friday
Black Friday on the stock exchance of New York starts the world economic crisis. -
Nazis Protest Opening of "All's Quiet on the Western Front"
Eric Marie Remarque’s anti-war book, “All’s Quiet On The Western Front," sold more copies than any other book--with the exception of the Bible--in the 1920s. In 1929, a film version of the book was released in Germany. The Nazis actively and violently protested the opening and showings of the film. -
Unemployment in Germany reached 4.9 million
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Japan creates the "independent" state of Mandchuko
Japan creates the "independent" state of Mandchuko -
Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of the German Reich.
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Burning of "un-German" books
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Political parties banned
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Farmers benifited from the AAA Paying them
In 1934, the farmers who had benefited from the AAA, hit another major problem – dust storms. These storms destroyed farms especially in Oklahoma and Arkansas and throughout the 1930’s over 350,000 farmers left for the west especially California where the weather created a more friendly farming environment. -
Italian Empire Mussolini invaded Abyssinia
Italian Empire Mussolini invaded Abyssinia in 1935 -
The Nuremberg racial laws
The Nuremberg racial laws, the law to protect German Blood and German Honour, are promulgated. -
Abyssinia Invasion
Abyssinia is an African country next to the Italian colony of Somalia. The Italian dictator Mussolini wanted to build an Italian empire and as a result had Italian soldiers attack a party of British and Abyssinia investigators in Abyssinia. -
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War starts. With German and Italian support, General Franco manages to put up a nationalist front. The Republican government (Peoples Front) is strongly supported and later controlled by the Soviet Union. -
Anticomintern Pact
Anticomintern Pact between Germany and Japan. Italy enters a year later. -
Italy leaves the League of Nations.
Italy leaves the League of Nations. -
Munich Conference
Hitler assures the world that this is his last territorial demand. British Prime Minister Chamberlain and French Premier Daladier cede Czech territories to Germany, Poland and Hungary. -
German-Russian non-agression pact
German-Russian non-agression pact. A secret protocol divides Europe into spheres of influence. -
Germany Invades Poland
The German invasion began on 1 September 1939. The campaign ended on 6 October 1939 with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland. -
World War Two begins
World War Two begins with the German attack on Poland.
