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William Henry Jackson's Yellowstone Photographs
Jackson joined the first federally funded geological survey of northwestern Wyoming. He served as the official photographer for the US Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. He captured photographs of what would later be known as Yellowstone National Park. -
Vinnie Ream's Abraham Lincoln Statue Veiled
Ream was selected by the U.S. Congress to sculpt a memorial statue of President Abraham Lincoln. She was the first female artist commissioned to create a work of art for the United States government. -
The Paris Commune
After France’s defeat in the Franco-German war. Parisians united together as known as the "Commune" to overthrow the existing French regime that failed to protect them from the Prussians. But the French Army recaptured the city from the Paris Commune, known as "Bloody Week", which resulted in 20,000 people killed, 38,000 arrested and more than 7,000 deported. The Paris Commune lasted from March 18 to May 28, 1871 -
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Kulturkampf
Kulturkampf was Bismarck's attempt to assert state control over the Catholic Church in Germany. A series of anti-church laws aimed at reducing the Church's influence in education and politics. Ultimately, it was largely unsuccessful and later repealed when Bismarck was at risk of being defeated politically -
The End of The Franco-Prussian War
France, was concerned about Prussia's growing power, and the prospect of a Prussian prince becoming the King of Spain. But Prussia's victory led to the unification of Germany the creation of the German Empire, with the downfall of the Second French Empire. -
The Great Chicago Fire
A fire that started in a barn lasted 2 days that destroyed most of Chicago due to 70 percent of the buildings being flammable. The fire destroyed 17,500 buildings, killed 300 people, and leaving most homeless. But the city did rebuild quickly, known as the "Great Rebuilding" of Chicago. -
Ulysses S. Grant re-elected as President
Grant won reelection in 1872, but his second term was marked by scandals. During his second term, a depression in Europe spread to the United States, resulting in high unemployment. -
Impression, Sunrise by Claude Monet
The name for the French art movement Impressionism came from Louis Leroy's negative review of Monet's painting, accusing art from artists known as the "Independents" being nothing but impressions. The artists adopted the name since their art focused on capturing the fleeting moments of modern life, and became prominent during the 1870s and 1880s. -
Start of the Gilded Age
From the 1870s until 1900s, marked the Gilded Age with rapid industrialization, wealth , and political corruption. It was a time exploitation and extreme poverty for the working class verses the extremely wealthy. The term was coined by Mark Twain in his 1873 novel The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today. -
Women's Fashion
The early 1870s saw the more general use of bustles to hold skirts out at the back. It was created to give a fuller and rounded rear silhouette. -
America Turns 100 years old
The centennial of the Declaration of Independence was celebrated by millions of Americans who visited the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition that lasted 6 months. -
Construction of the Statue of Liberty Started
French craftsmen began constructing the Statue to celebrate the centennial of the Declaration of Independence. The arm holding the torch was completed in 1876 -
Alexander Graham Bell Granted a Patent for the Telephone
Inspired by his mother and wife that were hard of hearing, Bell created a way to communicate at a distance. The Bell Telephone Company is now known as ATT. -
Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was Published
One of Twain's most popular works, Tom Sawyer is about a young boy growing up along the Mississippi River. It is loosely based on Twain's life living in Missouri. -
Richard Wagner's Opera Der Ring des Nibelungen first Premiered
It is a German four cycle Opera that is 15 hours long. It is influenced by Norse mythology and Greek mythology. It tells the story of a magic ring that grants the power to rule the world. -
Rutherford B. Hayes becomes President
Hayes ended Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South, significantly impacting Southern politics. But was unable to achieve significant legislative triumphs due to opposition from Democratic Congress and economic decline. -
Charles-Émile Reynaud's praxinoscope was Invented
Invented in France it uses a strip of pictures placed around the inner surface that allows the device to animate strips from mirrors and a rotating drum. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TxYP1nOSVJY -
Period: to
The Russo-Turkish War
The Russo-Turkish War would be the last and the most important of all the conflicts between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. It was attempt by Russia to assert its dominance by seizing Turkish assets and freeing allies from Ottoman rule. But pressure from the British, the Russians accepted a peace agreement. The Ottoman Empire continued to decline in power and prestige and after five centuries of Turkish rule, Bulgaria established it self as Principality of Bulgaria. -
Thomas Edison Granted Patent for the Phonograph
Edison created a device to record sound and play it back, it was the first machine to do both. and Edison's first recording was "Mary had a little lamb." It was his favorite invention, and he went on to improve the phonograph for 50 years. -
Original production of Swan Lake preformed
Composed by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky it was preformed at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow. Was considered a failure while Tchaikovsky was alive, the music was considered to be too complicated for ballet and the choreography was unimaginative and forgettable. He died believing that he had failed as a composer for dance -
Birth of Albert Einstein
Einstein was born in Germany, he later became a mathematician and physicist and developed the theory of relativity that helped form the basis of the development of the atomic bomb. -
Thomas Edison Granted Patent for the Incandescent Lamp
Edison's light bulb patent was a major advancement for the lightbulb that allowed it to burn for 1,200 hours. He aggressively defended his patent, ensuring his design's dominance by suing competitors. Other inventors also developed incandescent lamps and when patent disputes arose Edison eventually merged with the competitors companies. -
Henrik Ibsen's A Doll House
The play was first published on the 4th and preformed on the 21st. Ibsen said "People demands reality, no more and no less," as his play had audiences divided. -
Reference Page Pt. 1
https://www.theartstory.org/movement/impressionism/
https://www.historycentral.com/rec/ChicagoFire.html
https://www.whitehousehistory.org/collections/president-biographies
https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/albert-einstein
https://www.balletbeautiful.com/blog/history-swan-lake/#:~:text=It%20was%20said%20the%20music,Petersburg
https://www.energy.gov/articles/history-light-bulb#Incandescents
https://www.nps.gov/edis/learn/kidsyouth/the-phonograph.htm -
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Reference Page Pt. 2
https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/vinnie-ream
https://collections.museumsvictoria.com.au/articles/2908
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Ring_des_Nibelungen
https://www.thecollector.com/russo-turkish-war-history-aftermath/
https://homework.study.com/explanation/what-was-the-effect-of-kulturkampf.html
https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2019/jun/26/the-paris-commune-from-the-archive-1871#img-1