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Government Confederate States of America was created
Jefferson Davis was chosen to be the president of the Confederate States of America -
Trent Affair
A Union warship cruising on the high seas north of Cuba stopped a British mail steamer, the Trent, and forcibly removed two Confederate diplomats bound for Europe. -
Morrill Tariff Act
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Lincoln became the president
In the election of 1860, his opponents were Douglas(North Democrat), Beckinridge(Southern Democrat), Bell(Constitutional Union) -
Battle of Fort Sumter
The starting point of the Civil War. On April 19 and 27, the president proclaimed a leaky blockade of Southern seaports. -
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The Civil War
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Bull Run Battle
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Congressional Committee on the Conduct of the War
- a government panel in Washington during the American Civil War whose most controversial function was to investigate the cause of Union battle losses
- It was dominated by “radical” Republicans who resented the expansion of presidential power in wartime and who pressed Lincoln zealously on emancipation.
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Homestead Act of 1862
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Battle of Fort Henry
- Ulysses S. Grant
- Union won
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Battle of Donelson
- Ulysses S. Grant
- Union won
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Merrimack(Confederate) vs. Moniter(Union)
- The most alarming Confederate threat to the blockade
- For four hours, on March 9, 1862, the little “Yan-kee cheesebox on a raft” fought the wheezy Merrimack to a standstill.
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Battle of Shiloh
- Shiloh was the junction of the main Confederate north-south and east-west railroads in the Mississippi Valley at Corinth, Mississippi
- Ulysses S. Grant
- Union won
- Though Grant successfully counterattacked, the impressive Confederate showing at Shiloh confirmed that there would be no quick end to the war in the West.
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Second Battle of Bull Run
Union Failed. Emboldened by this success, Lee daringly thrust into Maryland. He hoped to strike a blow that would not only encourage foreign intervention but also seduce the still-wavering Border State and its sisters from the Union. -
Antietam Creek Battle
McClellan succeeded in halting Lee at Antietam -
Battle of Fredericksburg
- Lincoln replaced McClellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac with General A. E. Burnside
- Union failed
- More than ten thousand Northern soldiers were killed or wounded in “Burnside’s Slaughter Pen.”
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National Bank System
A financial landmark of the war -
Emancipation Proclamation (final)
the character of the war will be changed. It will be one of subjugation. . . . The [old] South is to be destroyed and replaced by new propositions and ideas -
The Man Without a Country
- A fictional story of Philip Nolan written by Edward Everett Hale
- Immensely popular in the North and helped stimulate devotion to the Union
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Battle of Chancellorsville
- Lee daringly divided his numerically inferior force and sent “Stonewall” Jackson to attack the Union flank. - Probably the most brilliant victory of Lee, except he lost “Stonewall” Jackson
- Joseph (“Fighting Joe”) Hooker (Union) - badly beaten but not crushed
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Battle of Port Hudson
- In the spring of 1862, a flotilla commanded by David G. Farragut joined with a Northern army to strike the South a blow by seizing New Orleans.
- Union won
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Battle of Gettysburg
- General George G. Meadethree days before the battle was joined at 2 a.m.
- Meade took his stand atop a low ridge flanking a shallow valley near quiet little Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
- The failure of General George Pickett’s magnificent but futile charge finally broke the back of the Confederate attack—and broke the heart of the Confederate cause.
- After the battle, Davis wanted to negotiate with the North, but Lincoln refused to allow the Confederate peace mission to pass through Union lines.
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Battle of Vicksburg
- The siege of Vicksburg was Grant's (the command of the Union forces) best-fought campaign of the war
- Political significance:
- Reopen the Mississippi helped to quell the Northern peace agitation in the area of the Ohio River valley.
- Add economic pain to border section’s already shaky support for the “abolition war.”
- The twin victories also conclusively tipped the diplomatic scales in favor of the North
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Gettysburg Address
- Lincoln journeyed to Gettysburg to dedicate the cemetery
- Lincoln read a two-minute address, following a two-hour speech by the orator of the day, a former president of Harvard
- For declaration of equality
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Battle of Chattanooga
- Chattanooga was liberated, the state was cleared of Confederates, and the way was thus opened for an invasion of Georgia
- Grant was rewarded by being made general in chief
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Wilderness Campaign
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Battle of the Wilderness
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Battle of Cold Harbor
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Capture of Atlanta
- Georgia’s conquest was entrusted to General William Tecumseh Sherman
- Sherman burned Atlanta on Nov. 16, 1864.
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Savannah Campaign
- Sherman's March to the Sea
- The campaign began with Sherman's troops leaving the captured city of Atlanta on November 15 and ended with the capture of the port of Savannah on December 21.
- His forces followed a "scorched earth" policy, destroying military targets as well as industry, infrastructure, and civilian property and disrupting the Confederacy's economy and its transportation networks.
- The operation broke the back of the Confederacy and helped lead to its eventual surrender.
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Thirteenth Amendment
- It was the first of the three Reconstruction Amendments adopted following the American Civil War.
- The Thirteenth Amendment also nullified the Fugitive Slave Clause and the Three-Fifths Compromise - The ultimate doom of slavery was legally achieved by action of the individual states and by their ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.