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Period: 1509 to
The Tudor period
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Period: 1509 to 1547
Henry VIII
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1517
The Ninty-five Theses
The monk Martin Luther, against indulgences nailed the theses to the door of the university of Witterberg -
1526
Tyndale Bible
The first translation in english of the New Testament by William Tyndale. -
1533
Act in Restraint of Appeals
Henry VIII possesses the legal power to annul marriages. -
1534
Act of Supremacy
This act made Henry VIII the supreme head of the Church of England, thereby severing ties with the Roman Catholic Church. -
Period: 1534 to
Early Modern Period
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Period: 1547 to 1553
Edward VI
At the young age of 9 years old, he became King of England. During his reign, he created a series of mesures in order to push England toward Protestantisme. However at his death, at 15 years old, he left the country bankrupt. -
Period: 1553 to 1558
Mary I
Mary I, also known as "Bloody Mary", restored Catholicismin England. -
Period: 1558 to
Elizabeth I
She created a reformation via the Anglican Church wich is a middle way between Catholicism and Protestantism -
Period: 1558 to
The poor laws
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1559
The Act of Supremacy
The Queen is now the "Supreme Governor of the Church of England" instead of the Pope. -
1559
The Act of Uniformity
This act established religious beliefs. -
Period: 1563 to 1571
The 39 articles of faith
A new doctine and ecclesialogy are establishes by the Queen -
1569
The Nothern Rebellion
The plot of two Earls in order to replace the Queen. -
1570
The excommunication of the Queen
Following the Queen's new legislation, the Pope excommunicated her through the papel bull. -
Period: 1577 to 1580
Era of exploration and expansion
Francis Drake travelled around the wold and Walter Raleigh set the first colonie in America: "Virginia" -
1581
The 1581 Act
This act is part of the repression of Catholics. -
Execution of Mary Stuart
After 19 years of holding Mary Stuart, Elizabeth I executed her because she participated in a plot against intended to replace her as the Queen. -
Elizabeth I Tilbury's Speech
In order to rally the troops who were preparing to repel the invasion of the Spanish Armada, Elizabeth I uses the two bodies theory to convey a royal authority. -
The defeat of Spanish Armada
The King of Spain ,Prince Philip II, became an ennemi of the Queen because he supported plots against her. As a result, she supported a Dutch revolt against Spain which lead the King invade England. However, England was victorious. -
The Gunpowder plot
A conspiracy made by a small group of people wanting to blow up the Parliament and in the same occasion kill the King. However, it failed. -
The first permanent English settlement in North America
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Jamestown
The establishment of Jamestown in Virginia, the first British colony in North America. -
Period: to
James I's reign
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Period: to
Stuart
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Period: to
The Starving Time
Period of starvation when only 60 of the 500 colonists survive because there were shortage of drinkable water, insufficient growing of crops and conflicts with the Native Powhatan tribe. -
Great contract
Because of financial problems, the King set a financial reforms in order to receive a fixed amount of money. -
Period: to
The various problem between James I and the Parliament
In 1610, James dissmised the Parliament after they refused his "Great Contract".
In 1621, in order to raise funds the King summoned the Parliament but they refused he dissmised them again. But they agreed to give finance him in 1624 for the War against Spain but he died. -
King James Bible
The first English translation of the Bible -
Period: to
The Thirty Years War
The emperor Ferdinand II attempted to impose Roman Catholic absolutism on his domains, and the Protestant nobles of both Bohemia and Austria rose up in rebellion. -
Period: to
New England
New English colonies, such as in
1620 : the Plymouth colony
1634 : Maryland (Catholics)
1664 : The English took over the Dutch colony of New Netherland, which included the state of New Amsterdam. The English renamed it New York.
1682: Pennsylvania (Quakers) -
Period: to
Charles I
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Petition of Rights
The complaints of the members of Parliament. -
Period: to
The relation between Charles I and Parliament
Because of the financial difficulties and the distrust for Lord Buckingham, the Parliament was dissmised during 1628 and between 1629 to 1640 to finally have a Long Parliament that lasted 11 years. -
Three Resolutions
Rule in which whoever tried to bring in Popery or Arminanism or alter the Protestant forms of the Church of England would be declared ennemy of the Kingdom. Moreover, the King was to collect custom duties without Parliament's consent. It led to an act of open defiance of the King's authority by the MPs. -
Period: to
Personal rule
Period in which the King,Charles I ruled without calling the Parliament. -
The Case of Burton,Pryne and Batwich
Those 3 Protestant were put in pillory and their ears were cut off because of the pamphlets they wrote attacking the Archibishop Loud. They became symbols of religious change. -
Period: to
The Scottish crisis or the Bishops' war
Following the publication of the new Book of Common Prayer, Scotland was set aflame against the new religious policies. Therefore, many riots rose and they became a rebellion. They were victorious and invaded England and Charles was forced to pay the coast of the Scots'army. -
Treaty of Ripon
Following the invasion of England by the Scots, Charles I was forced to pay their army as an aftermatch of the war. -
Period: to
The Long Parliament
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The Militia Act
The Act was passed by the Parliament in order to place the army under the power of a general appointed by them. Moreover, the King's ability to appoint whoever he wanted was Taken away by this Act. -
The Grand Remontrance
The Parliament voted for an important document in which all the wong doings of Charles I were written and they concluded on revolutionary demands.It led in many heated arguments and it divided the Parliament into two groups the Parliamentorians, who belived in those demands and the Royalist who supported the King. -
Period: to
The Irish Rebellion
Irish Catholic rebelled against Protestant settlers who, because of James I's policy, were to take the lands of Irish Catholic. This conflict resulted in a massacre of about 3000 or 4000 Protestants. However, those numbers were hidden in order to pass false rumors and cultivated the hatred between Catholics and Protestants. -
Declaration of the War
Charles I formally declared war on Parliament after an attempted plot against the Queen and the proposition of Parliament to make him a constitutional monarch. -
Period: to
The first Civil War
This war lasted 4 years and it opposed the Royalist and Parliamentarians. About 190 000 people died and the Parliamentarians were victorious when the King and Royalists surrendered. The King was then held in prison -
Period: to
The civil War
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Palle of Naseby
A turning point during the Civil War for the Parliamentorians because the Royalist forces became weaker. -
Agreement of the People
The Army issued the Agreement of the People that established the fact there is no authority above parliament. -
Pride's Purge
The Colonel Pride entered the House of Commons and stopped the vote by arresting 45 conservative leaders of the Parliament. The remainder MPs put the King on trial for high treason. -
Period: to
The Second Civil War
In november 1647, King Charles I managed to escape and try to rally the Scots but his plan failed and he was again stopped. -
The Irish Rebellion
A Rebellion took place in order to get revente for the Irish atrocities aven if they were false. But it was crushed by Cromwell and his troops. -
The Drogheda Massacre
During the Irish Rebellion, every man, woman and children were killed -
Period: to
Interegnum
Period in between two reign. Indeed, England became a Commonwealth. -
Period: to
The Commonwealth
A period in which England became a Commonwealth, ruled by the people and not by the King or the House of Commons which were both abolished. However, it failed. -
The execution of Charles I
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The Blasphemy Act
Act against people who committed blasphemy against God -
Instrument of Government
England 's first and only written constitution in which religious freedom is allowed for Christians and Catholics. -
Dissolution of the Rump Parliament by Cromwell
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Period: to
The Cromwellian Protectorate
The General Cromwell was appointed Lord Protector of the Protectorate, a military dictatorship. Hower it lasted until his death in 1658 -
Declaration of Breda
Charles II promised a general amnesty, to continue religious toleration and to share the power with the Parliament in order for a restoration of monarchy -
Period: to
Early restoration
Charles II became King of England. -
Period: to
Charles II
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Act of Uniformity
Ministers had to swear to conform to the Book of Common Prayer. -
Outbreak of the Plague
In the spring and summer an outbreak of Bubonic Plague spread out in England and about thousands people died. The bodies were trown into huge pits. -
Great Fire of London
The Great Fire of London was a Big incendie that happened and it destroyed the whole center of London. -
The Popish Plot 1678
Rumour of a plot organised by the French to murder Charles II and replace him by his Catholic brother James II. -
Period: to
The Exclusion crisis
Parliament attempted to debar James II from the succession to the English throne. In consequence Charles decided to dissolve the Parliament. -
Period: to
James II
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The Glorious Revolution
Due to the birth of James II's son, Parliament decided to the King’s son in law (William of Orange) to invade England and seize the crown. This former landed with an army of 15 000 men and met no resistance.James’ army disintegrated and officers deserted.
Wheras James II fled to France, William became King William III. -
Period: to
William III
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The Bill of Rights
This document limited the monarch’s power for the first time by, recognizing King James'misdeeds, setting the power of Parliament and setting basic civil war. -
Toleration Act
It established religious pluralism, and freedom of worship for all Protestants. -
Act of Settlement
King William III and Mary II had no surviving children and all the potential Stuart successors were Catholic. Therefore, Parliament ensured a Protestant succession, ignoring dozens of Catholic heirs. -
Period: to
Queen Anne
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Act of Union
The creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain: England (and Wales) and Scotland. -
Act of Union
The creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (England and Scotland) and Ireland.