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Important Moments
These are the 15 most important moments in Education -
Massachusetts Education Law (Most Important)
The Law of 1642 required that parents see to that their children knew the principals of religion and capital laws of the commonwealth This was the creation of schools without this where would we be today. -
Common Schools
Meant to serve all individuals of all classes and religions. They were funded by taxes and created a more unified culture. -
Thomas Jefferson A bill for the more general knowledge
Threes interconnected Bills to the Virginia Legislature: One to make the College of William and Mary more democratic, second proposing a public library system, and third to create a statewide school system for his newly independent home state. Jefferson outlined a system he believed was appropriate for educating the youth of new democracy All schools to teach reading, writing, and common arithmetic. Jefferson argued education is a safeguard against tyranny Cost should be paid by county -
Horace Mann and Education Reform (Most Important)
Horace Mann felt that a common school would be the "great equalizer.. He felt that through education crime would decline sharply as would a host of moral vices like violence and fraud.
He also persuaded the Massachusetts legislature to establish a six month minimum school year in 1839 Mann Ideals about common schools continue to motivate education reform today. -
Monitorial Schools, Charity Schools, and Infant Schools
Monitorial Schools: Paid one teacher to instruct hundreds using student teacher or monitors. Taught basics of reading writing and arithmetic.
Charity Schools: Schools for poor children in urban areas.
Infant Schools: Education for children 4-5 years old. -
Progressive Reform Movements
The Progressive education movement was an integral part of the early twentieth-century reform impulse directed toward the reconstruction of American democracy through social, as well as cultural, uplift.
Progressive reformers believed, provided the school with a new opportunity–indeed, a new responsibility–to play a leading role in preparing American citizens for active civic participation in a democratic society. -
National Education Association and the Committee of Ten
In 1892 The National Education Association appointed a Committee of Ten educators to establish a standard curriculum.
This committee was composed mostly of educators and was chaired by Charles Eliot, the president of Harvard University.
Eliot led the committee to two major recommendations.
The first was earlier entry of some subjects.
The second was the teaching of subjects for both college-bound and terminal students. -
Post WWII Education and Cold War Motivation
BABY BOOM!!
Following World War II the population of the U.S dramatically changed
Demand required more educators.
Morse schools Built
Cold War Fear motivated American Education needs to around more rigorous in math and science http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/ed416/ae8.html http://spartacus-educational.com/2WWeducationC.htm -
Brown VS. Board of Education ( Most Important)
Issue of Segregation in public schools.
Court looked at if it was illegal to deny entry to a facility based on race.
The Supreme Court did not immediately try to give direction for the implementation of its ruling. Rather, it asked the attorney generals of all states with laws permitting segregation in their public schools to submit plans for how to proceed with desegregation. http://www.uscourts.gov/educational-resources/educational-activities/history-brown-v-board-education-re-enactment -
Introduction to Standardized Testing
in 1959, Everett Lindquist offered the ACT (American College Testing) for the first time. The ACT included 4 main sections with multiple choice questions to test English, mathematics, reading, and science, plus an optional writing section. Allowed meaningful comparisons across a (locally controlled) public education system has also contributed to standardized testing The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 required standardized testing in public schools. -
(ESEA) Most Important
Part Of Lyndon B. Johnsons War on Poverty
The ESEA is an extensive statute that funds primary and secondary education, emphasizing high standards and accountability. As mandated in the act, funds are authorized for professional development, instructional materials, resources to support educational programs, and the promotion of parental involvement. http://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-of-1965/ -
IDEA—the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Most Important)
IDEA was originally enacted by Congress in 1975 to ensure that children with disabilities have the opportunity to receive a free appropriate public education, just like other children. It opened public school doors for millions of children with disabilities and laid the foundation of the country’s commitment to ensuring that children with disabilities have opportunities to develop their talents, share their gifts. http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/idea35/index.html?exp=5 -
A Nation at Risk Report, 1983
A report of American President Ronald Reagan's national commission on excellence in education shedding light to the problems with education
The report surveys various studies which point to academic underachievement on national and international scales. http://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/siteASCD/publications/policypoints/policypoints-a-nation-at-risk.pdf -
NCLB - No Child Left Behind
The Act required states to develop assessments in basic skills. To receive federal school funding, states had to give these assessments to all students at select grade levels. The Act did not assert a national achievement standard. Each individual state developed its own standards NCLB expanded the federal role in public education through further emphasis on annual testing, annual academic progress, report cards, and teacher qualifications, as well as significant changes in funding -
ESSA 2015
Rolls back much of the federal government's big footprint in education policy, on everything from testing and teacher quality to low-performing schools. And it gives new leeway to states in calling the shots. ESSA provides funding for states to audit and streamline assessment systems, eliminate redundant and inefficient assessments and improve them The new law creates a pilot program for state-designed assessment systems that are driven by teaching and learning, rather than accountability.
