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The Slaughter-House Cases
Waste from slaughter houses were causing serious helth problems. The slaughter houses were mad. They claimed that the states were violating the 14th Amemendment's Privileges and Immunities Clause. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Seperate but equal train cars. Homer Adolph Plessy, who was seven-eighths Caucasian, sat on a white train car and was arrested for refusing to relocate to a black train car. He argued that that they violated the 13 and 14 Amendments by treating balck americans inferior to whites. -
Lochner v. New York
Lochner was a New York baker who was tried for working more than 10 hour days and 60 hour weeks. BUT, the sepreme courts struck down the Bakeshop Act saying it was his "right" from the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment.(No deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.) -
Gitlow v. New York
Ben Gitlow expressed his opinion on the governemt in a news article. The governement tried to charge Gitlow with violating "Anti Anarchist". He appealed claiming they were violating the 1 and 14 Amendment. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Segregation of public schools based on race was allowed by states, as long as they were equal. Regardless of the “equality” of facilities, the Court ruled that separate is unequal. Public school segregation based on race was found in violation of the 14th Amendment. -
Mapp v. Ohio
There was a rumor that Mapp had a bomb and the police asked to search her house. She denied them access unless they had a warrent. They made a fake one and didn't find any bombs, but found sexually explicit materials and arrested her. She was facing up to 7 years, but appealed (Due Process Clause) due to the fake warrent. -
Gideon v. Wainwright
They thought he was breaking into a pool room with the intent to commit a crime and arrested him. He asked for an attorney because he was poor, the courts declined. He had to represent himself. He lost the trial. He filed a petition, but wouldn't grant him any relief. The US supreme court said they were in violation of the 14th Amendment. -
Griswold v. Connecticut
Estelle Griswold was the director of a Planned Parenthood clinic in Connecticut when she was arrested for violating a state statute that prohibited counseling and prescription of birth control to married couples. Justice Douglas articulated that although not explicit, the penumbras of the Bill of Rights contained a fundamental “right to privacy” that was protected by the 14th Amendment’s Due Process Clause. Griswold’s “right to privacy” has been applied to many other controversial decisions. -
Loving v. Virginia
Richard, white man, could not marry Mildred, black man. The two went to DC to get married, but they were arrested state law which prohibited inter-racial marriage. On Appeal, the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia ruled that the state had an interest in preserving the “racial integrity” of its constituents and that because the punishment applied equally to both races, the statute did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Allan Bakke, a white man, didn't get into University of California Medical School at Davis. The medical school set aside 16 spots for minority candidates. All 16 candidates had test scores lower than Bakke’s but gained admission.Bakke said it was because of his race he didn't gain access. Supreme Courts made the University admit Bakke.
