1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Unit Four Timeline

1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E Unit Four Timeline

Period: Jan 1, 1450 to Dec 31, 1750

Maritime Expansion [1450-1550]

Nov 5, 1450

During 1450 to 1550, many improvements in sailing were made, such as a the compass. This led for countries far away from each other to interact. This was start of global intercations and the columbiand exchange.
Bulliet, Richard, Pamela Crossley, Daniel Headrick, Steven Hirsch, Lyman Johnson, and David Northrup. The Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History. 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin
College Div, 2005. Print.(399)
http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/20432074.png

Beginning of Portuguese slave trade [1450-1500]

Nov 6, 1450

As the maritime revolution began, the Portugese started transporting African slaves to one post to another. Slaves were sent to the Americas to endure hard labor, starting the long
subordinate roles of Africans in North America. http://africanhistory.about.com/od/slavery/ss/Origins_Of_Slave_Trade.htm

The Gutenburg Printing Press

Dec 1, 1450

The Gutenburg printing press was introduced in Europe. This led to an increase in literacy and religion beacause The Holy Bible was printed. The press allowed books to be cheap, which led the possibility of the Scientic Revolution, Protestant Reformation, and the Enlightment.
http://hunterfusco.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/image_112.jpg

Ottoman Empire [1299-1923]

Nov 16, 1453

The Ottoman was established in 1299, and accomplished greatly in 1451-1481, when it took over Constantinople, Italy, and Otoranto under Muhammad Faith's rule. By 1520-1566, the Ottomans empire expanded from Hungary to Egypt and Algeria to Mesopotamia.Sice trading routes were covered with Muslims, Chritsians needed to find a way with Asia, contributing to the start the Maritime Revolution.
http://www.albalagh.net/kids/history/ottoman.shtml

Mehmed the Conqueror (1451-1481)

Nov 16, 1453

Mehmed greatest contributon was the seige of Constantinople. Once Constantinople , trade routes needed to be found to Asia, avoiding Muslims, contibuting the start the Maritime Revolution.
http://sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0075_popup10.htm

Prince Henry the Navigator [1418-1458]

Nov 15, 1460

Henry made major contributions to the world of exploration. His passion for navigation made him establish his school of navigation in 1418. He had a fascination with Africa and sponsered many voyages there, last in 1458. His expeditions led to economic, social, and political contacts. In 1441-1442, gold and Africans were brought to Europe, implanting the desire of African goods.
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/h/henry.shtml

Reign of Sunni Ali

Nov 16, 1464

Under Sunni Ali's leadership, the Songhai empire was able to fully rise. He had sucessfull conquerings, such as Jenne, Timbuktu,and Niger. His military skills allowed his empire to expand quickly and swiftly. Ali acively participated in trade, exporting slaves, gold, and nuts.
http://africanhistory.about.com/od/kingdoms/a/Bio-Sonni-Ali.htm

Songhai Empire [1375-1591]

Nov 16, 1468

The Songhai empire started around 1375 CE. It managed to control over 2,000 miles of Africa. It controlled salt and gold mines. It was a realevently strong empire. The signifance of this empire was its participation in the slave trade. It was later conquered by the Morrocans due to internal problems.
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Songhai_Empire

Dias' voyage into Indian Ocean

Nov 15, 1487

King John II hired Dias to find a fast rout to Asia. He susceeded and was the first person to go around the Cape of Good Hope. He aslo found the route to Asia through the Indian Ocean.
http://www.sbceo.k12.ca.us/~vms/carlton/Renaissance/explorersmap2.jpg

Columbus' first voyage

Nov 5, 1492

As the desire of a faster route to India and beating Portuguese maritime accomplishments, the Spanish monarch hired the Italian sailor, Christopher Columbus, to accomplish this task. He suceeded in finding the Americas, but was convinced it was India.

Spanish conquest of Mexico [1492-1898]

Nov 15, 1492

As the Spanish found the Americas, conquistadors were sent to explore the lands. They found civiliztions, such like the Incas and Aztecs, and conquered them. The idea was to turn them into Catholics and practice mercantislm with them.
http://investigation.discovery.com/investigation/crime-countdowns/government-crimes/images/conquistador-324x205.jpg

Columbian Exchange [1492-present]

Nov 16, 1492

The Columbian exchange was the trade of ideas, pants, animals, and disease to from the New World and Old World. As the Europeans arrived in the Americas, many natives died because of the disease. The agricultue ideas from the Old world let an increase of population in Europe. The exchange also provided the chance for colonization.
http://raymondpronk.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/columbian_exchange.jpg

Safavid Empire [1501-1722]

Nov 16, 1501

The Safavid was a strong empire that could have withstood attacks form the Ottomans or Mughals. Its power was centered on its key location, where trade flourished. This empire united Iran and parts of Turkey. It was a theocracy, where Shi'a Islam was only practiced. It made contributions to art, architecture, poetry and philosophy. This empire led the foundations for future Iranian empires.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/safavidempire_1.shtml

Martin Luther

Nov 15, 1517

Martin Luther was an extremely important person in the Protestant Reformation. He completely disagreed with the Catholic church selling indulgences. His remarks, like Martin Luther's 95 Thesis, led to form a branch from Christianity and make the Protestants.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther

Montezuma

Nov 15, 1519

Montezuma was the Aztec emperor during the Spanish invasions. He willlingly let the Spanish forces in his empire, which led to the destruction and end of the Aztecs.
http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/aztecs/moctezuma.jpg

Suleyman the Magnificent

Nov 16, 1520

During his reign, the Ottoman Empire reached its peak. He had religious tolerance in his empire.He had also emliminated most Christian threats, such as the Hungarians. During his time, he built schools, freed slaves, and made huge contributions in the feild of literature.
http://www.hyperhistory.net/apwh/bios/b1suleyman.htm

Mughal Dynasty [1526-1707]

Nov 16, 1526

The Mugual Dynasty was founed in 1526 by Babur. Although it was in India, it was Islam dominated. One major contribution was the construction of the Taj Mahal, which began in 1632. During this timespan, there was religiious tolerance, a delegated kindom,and advances in education systems. Slavery was also diminshed to seek pecae.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/mughalempire_1.shtml

John Calvin

Nov 15, 1536

Although Calvin was born and raised in a Catholic family, he later overlooked from this practice. He started preaching about predestination, a theory that God controlls everything. His words were found crazy, but later widely accepted in Geneva. Predestination made man be more responible and brave.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvin

Council of Trent [1545-1563]

Nov 15, 1545

To counter attack the Protestant Reformation, the Roman catholic Church recruited clergy to form the Council of Trent. The overall effect of the council was that it led to the Counter Reformation, which strengthened the Catholic Church by changing controversial practices.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trent

Reign of Akbar [1556-1605]

Nov 16, 1556

During his reign over the Mughal Emire, Akbar had started a new religion, Din-I-Ilahi, which combined multiple beliefs, but contained no gods or prophets. During his reign, there was religious tolerance and many monuments in uprising. Throughout the whole Mughal Empire, Akbar succeeded in controlling the largest army the empire have seen.
http://www.islamicart.com/library/empires/india/akbar.html

Tokugawa Shogunate [1601-1868]

Nov 18, 1603

The Japanese were able to centralize power after the Sengoku period and establish the Tokugawa shogunate. They were able to facilitate trade and promote the Japanese econmoy. Sea ports were made to connect and trade more efficently.The Tokugawa Shogunate laid down foundations for future Japanese civilizations by moderinizing Japan and introducing the heavy industries.
(Book)

Galileo Galilei [1610-1632]

Nov 15, 1610

Galileo Galilei was one of the most intellectually advantaged people of his time. His contributions led people to view the world in a whole new perspective. HIs discovered sunspots, inveted the telescope, microscope, and thermoscope, and obsereved the moons Jupiter. His "radocal" ideas were rapidly challenegd by the church. He was exiled and died in 1642.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei

Thirty Year's War [1618-1648]

Nov 15, 1618

This war was fought between the Protestants and Catholics.The main reason of the war was becasue the Protestants were revolted against the Holy Roman Empire. This led to to Germany gaining independence, Spain lost of power, and population declination due to famine, fatalities, and disease.
http://www.answers.com/topic/thirty-years-war

John Locke (1632-1704)

Nov 15, 1632

Under Lord Shaftesbury's infuence, Locke became a philospher that served in the goverment. He believed in using logic to justify the truth. He believed that monarch should follow civil laws, His contributions during the Enlighment led the creation of the ideas of psychology and individualism. His ideas made people realize they have the power, such as the American and French Revolutions.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke

Qing Empire [1644-1911]

Nov 18, 1644

The nomadic people, the Manchus, were able to conquer the MIng Empire due to its fragile, crumbling state.The Qing empire influenced Europe by helping the foundation for vaccines, such as smallpox. China introduced the concept of walllpaper, which greatly created the demand in Europe.Qing emperors inspired European political structures through poetry. The Qing empire were able to conquer Mongolia, Taiwan, and Tibet.This made a greater extend of territory throug China's earlier lifespan. (book)

Manchus Empire [1644-1911]

Nov 18, 1644

The nomadic people, the Manchus, were able to conquer the Ming Empire due to its fragile, crumbling state.The Manchus empire, influenced Europe by helping the foundation for vaccines, such as smallpox. China introduced the concept of walllpaper, which greatly created the demand in Europe.Qing emperors inspired European political structures through poetry. The Qing empire were able to conquer Mongolia, Taiwan, and Tibet.This made a greater extend of territory through China's lifespan. (book)

England’s Glorious Revolution

Nov 15, 1688

During his third year as king, King John II was in the process of converting England into Catholicism. Many of the people and political parties feared this outcome, so his daughter and son-in-law overthrew him, claimed the throne, and converted England in a Protestant empire.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/glorious_revolution_01.shtml

Peter the Great [1689-1725]

Nov 18, 1689

Tsar Peter was able to reduce Russia's isolation and centralize power more effiecently. Peter used western European influences, like traders, architects, ship builders, and soldiers to make Russia modernize faster.His efforts made Europe realize that Russia, now, was a major power.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_the_Great