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3500 BCE
Mesoamerica
Mesoamerican civilization, the complex of indigenous cultures that developed in parts of Mexico and Central America prior to Spanish exploration and conquest in the 16th century. In the organization of its kingdoms and empires, the impact of its monuments and cities, and the extent and refinement of its intellectual accomplishments, the Mesoamerican civilization, along with the comparable Andean civilization farther south, constitutes a New World counterpart to those of ancient Egypt. -
250
Maya
The Maya civilization was one of the most dominant indigenous societies of Mesoamerica. Unlike other scattered indigenous populations of Mesoamerica, the Maya were centered in one geographical block covering all of the Yucatan Peninsula and modern-day Guatemala; Belize and parts of the Mexican states of Tabasco and Chiapas; and the western part of Honduras and El Salvador. This concentration showed that the Maya remained relatively secure from invasion by other Mesoamerican peoples. -
900
Pueblo
Pueblo Indians are American Indians who live in pueblos and have a long tradition of farming. Pueblo Indians who lived long ago are sometimes called the "ancestral Pueblo" because they are the ancestors of today's Pueblo people. Another name for the ancestral Pueblo people is Anasazi. They created their houses from clay like the Mound Builders and were a very creative and intellectual group of natives which still have descended to today's natives. -
1000
Eastern Woodlands People
The Eastern Woodland Culture consisted of Indian tribes inhabiting the eastern United States and Canada. The Eastern Woodlands were moderate-climate regions roughly from the Atlantic to the Mississippi River and included the Great Lakes. This huge area boasted ample rainfall, numerous lakes and rivers, and great forests. The rich earth and forests from the Ohio River to the Gulf of Mexico comprised the southeastern part of the Eastern Woodlands. Relatively close to modern indians. -
1100
Aztecs
The Aztecs used human sacrifice in order to receive something from the "gods". What this entailed would be a man of high status ripping the heart out of the so-called sacrifice. They also used very steadily the caste system. The caste system is the way of the world for them and it controls everything that they did as a society. The leaders or kings would rank high on the caste system and the lower and lower quality or rank of people fell lower on the caste system. -
1500
Mound Builders
The various cultures collectively termed Mound Builders were inhabitants of North America who, during a 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes. These mounds were their homes and were very well constructed, the "Mound Builders" used a stucco mix consisting of clay and grass. These people grew crops like corn, pumpkins, and sunflowers. -
1550
Plains Tribes
Plains Tribes are any Native American peoples inhabiting the Great Plains of the United States and Canada. This culture area comprises a vast grassland between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains and from present-day provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan in Canada through the present-day state of Texas in the United States. The Plains Tribes introduced the horses to the new world and used them to hunt on their open-ended plains territories. -
Virginia
Virginia was a very active colony in the very beginning. It was the first colony in the "new world". The main pieces of the Virginia colony were: Tobacco, the colonies as a whole thrived off of tobacco and it was their main crop; a cash crop. Next thing would have to be John Smith, John Smith was an English soldier, explorer, colonial governor, Admiral of New England, and author, he played a huge role in Jamestown. And finally, Jamestown because Jamestown is where it all starts in Virginia. -
Caribbean Colonies
The first English settlement on an island in the western Atlantic is the result of an accident. Castaways from an English vessel, wrecked on its way to Virginia in 1609, find safety on Bermuda.Three decades later, religious friction in the Bermuda community causes a group of dissenters to seek a place of their own. This is where Columbus made his first landfall in 1492. In the intervening half century, the Spanish have shipped the natives\to work in the mines of Hispaniola. -
Plymouth Colony
After arriving at Plymouth rock, The Pilgrims established their first home in an empty Indian village where the inhabitants had recently been wiped out by an epidemic. With typical religious certainty, the leaders concluded that God had cleared the site for his chosen people. During the first winter, adverse weather conditions and lack of food took a heavy toll among the original 102 colonists. Squanto an Indian chief helped them survive with some of his tribes crops. -
Indentured Servitude
Indentured Servants in Colonial Virginia. Indentured servants were men and women who signed a contract by which they agreed to work for a certain number of years in exchange for transportation to Virginia and, once they arrived, food, clothing, and shelter. Servants got paid and were treated well. Unlike slaves who were poorly treated. Indentured servants and slaves are alike and also different in their own ways. They were alike and different. Both worked and went to the colonies. -
Maryland
The Maryland Colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. The Maryland Colony was classified as one of the Southern Colonies. The Province of Maryland was an English colony in North America that existed from 1633 until 1776 when it joined the other 12 of the 13 colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland. The Maryland Colony was founded in 1633 by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore and other colonists, at Baltimore. -
Quakers
The Religious Society of Friends, also referred to as the Quaker Movement, was founded in England in the 17th century by George Fox. He and other early Quakers, or Friends, were persecuted for their beliefs, which included the idea that the presence of God exists in every person. Quakers rejected elaborate religious ceremonies, didn’t have official clergy and believed in spiritual equality for men and women. Quaker missionaries first arrived in America in the mid-1650s. -
Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania Colony was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast of North America. The Pennsylvania Colony was classified as one of the Middle Colonies. The Province of Pennsylvania was an English colony in North America that existed from 1682 until 1776 when it joined the other 12 of the 13 colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania colony was founded by William Penn. The Quaker population was large here. -
The Age of Enlightenment
The Enlightenment included a range of ideas centered on reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy, and came to advance ideals like liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government and separation of church and state. In France the central doctrines of the Enlightenment philosophers were individual liberty and religious tolerance, in opposition to an absolute monarchy and the fixed dogmas of the Roman Catholic Church. -
Salem Witch Trials
The infamous Salem witch trials began during the spring of 1692, after a group of young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several local women of witchcraft. As a wave of hysteria spread throughout colonial Massachusetts, a special court convened in Salem to hear the cases; the first convicted witch, Bridget Bishop, was hanged that June. Eighteen others followed Bishop to Salem’s Gallows. -
Act of Union
The Acts of Union were two Acts of Parliament: the Union with Scotland Act 1706 passed by the Parliament of England, and the Union with England Act passed in 1707 by the Parliament of Scotland. They put into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union following negotiation between commissioners representing the parliaments of the two countries. By the two Acts, the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland were, in the words of the Treaty, "United into One Kingdom by the Name of Great Britain". -
George Whitfield
George Whitfield immediately began preaching, but he did not settle as the minister of any parish. In 1740, he traveled to North America, where he preached a series of revivals that came to be known as the "Great Awakening". His methods were controversial and he engaged in numerous debates and disputes with other clergymen.He received widespread recognition during his ministry and he preached at least 18,000 times to perhaps 10 million listeners. -
The French Indian war
French and Indian War was a conflict marked another chapter in the long imperial struggle between Britain and France. When France’s expansion into the Ohio River valley brought repeated conflict with the claims of the British colonies, a series of battles led to the official British declaration of war in 1756. Boosted by the financing of future Prime Minister William Pitt, the British turned the tide with victories at Louisbourg, Fort Frontenac and the French-Canadian stronghold of Quebec. -
The Treaty of Paris- 1763
The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies. In the terms of the treaty, France gave up all its territories in mainland North America, effectively ending any foreign military threat to the British colonies there. -
The Stamp Act
The Stamp Act was passed by the British Parliament on March 22, 1765. The new tax was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used. Ship's papers, legal documents, licenses, newspapers, other publications, and even playing cards were taxed. -
Virtual Representation
The Act resulted in violent protests in America and the colonists argued that there should be "No Taxation without Representation" and that it went against the British constitution to be forced to pay a tax to which they had not agreed through representation in Parliament. -
Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre, known as the Incident on King Street by the British, was an incident in which British Army soldiers shot and killed people while under attack by a mob. The incident was heavily publicized by leading Patriots, such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams, to encourage rebellion against the British authorities. British troops had been stationed in Boston, capital of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. -
Boston Tea Party
Seeking to boost the troubled East India Company, British Parliament adjusted import duties with the passage of the Tea Act in 1773. While consignees in Charleston, New York, and Philadelphia rejected tea shipments, merchants in Boston refused to concede to Patriot pressure. On the night of December 16, 1773, Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty boarded three ships in the Boston harbor and threw 342 chests of tea overboard -
Dunmore's Proclamation
In November of 1775, Virginia's royal governor, John Murray, fourth earl of Dunmore, issued a proclamation in response to information that the colonists had begun forming armies and attacking British troops. Dunmore wanted to put a quick end to the fighting and other activities he considered traitorous. The governor's announcement created fervor among the populace and may have actually helped secure the alignment of many moderate or undecided white Virginians against the British government. -
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine was an English-born American political activist, philosopher, political theorist, and revolutionary. One of the Founding Fathers of the United States, he authored the two most influential pamphlets at the start of the American Revolution, and he inspired the rebels in 1776 to declare independence from Britain. His ideas reflected Enlightenment-era rhetoric of transnational human rights. -
July 4th
In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence, which proclaims the independence of the United States of America from Great Britain and its king. The declaration came 442 days after the first volleys of the American Revolution were fired at Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts and marked an ideological expansion of the conflict that would eventually encourage France’s intervention on behalf of the Patriots. -
Battle of Saratoga
Battles of Saratoga were a turning point in the American Revolution. On September 19th, British General John Burgoyne achieved a small, but costly victory over American forces led by Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold. Though his troop strength had been weakened, Burgoyne again attacked the Americans at Bemis Heights on October 7th, but this time was defeated and forced to retreat. -
The Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation was the first written constitution of the United States. Stemming from wartime urgency, its progress was slowed by fears of central authority and extensive land claims by states before was it was ratified on March 1, 1781. Under these articles, the states remained sovereign and independent, with Congress serving as the last resort on appeal of disputes. Congress was also given the authority to make treaties and alliances, maintain armed forces and coin money. -
Massachusetts Constitution
The end of the institution, maintenance, and administration of government, is to secure the existence of the body politic, to protect it, and to furnish the individuals who compose it with the power of enjoying in safety and tranquility their natural rights, and the blessings of life: and whenever these great objects are not obtained, the people have a right to alter the government, and to take measures necessary for their safety, prosperity and happiness. -
The Treaty of Paris- 1783
The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War. The treaty set the boundaries between the British Empire in North America and the United States, on lines "exceedingly generous" to the latter. Details included fishing rights and restoration of property and prisoners of war. -
Shays' Rebellion
Shays’ Rebellion is the name given to a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt. Although farmers took up arms in states from New Hampshire to South Carolina, the rebellion was most serious in Massachusetts, where bad harvests, economic depression, and high taxes threatened farmers with the loss of their farms. -
Anti-Federalist
Anti-Federalism refers to a movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution. The previous constitution, called the Articles of Confederation, gave state governments more authority. Led by Patrick Henry of Virginia, Anti-Federalists worried, among other things, that the position of president, then a novelty, might evolve into a monarchy. -
New Jersey Plan
The New Jersey Plan (also known as the Small State Plan or the Paterson Plan) was a proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787. The plan was created in response to the Virginia Plan, which called for two houses of Congress, both elected with apportionment according to population. -
Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as The Ordinance of 1787) was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States. -
Election of 1788
The Election of 1788 was the first election of the United states of America after their freedom from Great Britain. Doing this time if they were the runner up they would automatically became the Vice President to the president. The 2 man in this election were George Washington vs John Adams. Of Course we all know George Washington won and became the 1st president of The U.S.A. He won the election because everyone loved and adore him for himself and for his leadership. -
The Federalists
The Federalist Party was the first American political party. The First leader of the Federalist was Alexander Hamilton. The federalist believe in Centralization, which in other words means they believed in the leaders of the country having all financial power which is what made them big believers in the National Bank of America. -
Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. James Madison introduced these amendments to them constitution in the House of Representatives. The Bill of Rights amendments added to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights for the people. Also the Bill of right are still what we use today and many more amendments have been added on to it :out the years. -
The Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest during George Washington presidency. It was the first tax imposed by the new formal government. Farmers were mad because they were making money now they had to pay taxes for their property. Which is were they got mad and started this insurrection. That is were the term ..No Taxation without Representation. the Whiskey rebellion was later repelled by Jefferson and his team in the early 1800's. -
Cotton Gin
The Cotton Gin was invented by Eli Whitney in 1794. The machine helps quickly separate the cotton from the seed it grows from. The gin made people in the south even more reliable on slaves because that meant less time to process cotton and the more cotton a slave could pick in a day which meant more money for the common white man. In which the more slaves you had the more cotton they pick and the more money they made. -
Pinckney's Treaty
Pinckney's Treaty was another important treaty that was negotiated by the government of the new nation. it was a treaty of friendship and peace between The United States and Spain. The southern and western borders of the US had been a source of great tension with Spain. This treaty recognizes the 31st parallel of the southern part of the U.S. and the free navigation of the Mississippi to American Ships. -
XYZ affair
The XYZ affair happened during the earlier John Adams presidency. This affair involved a verification between U.S.A. and France. Which meant they negotiate problems that were threatening to break out into war. In other words, the Americans paid off the Frenchman not to start a war they didn't want. In conclusion, they accepted the offer and walk away. -
Marbury v. Madison
The Marbury v Madison was the first important case because it gave the principal of the Judicial Review. The case was mainly about Marbury whom was promise a position from the former president whom presidency ended the next day. So when Madison came into office and wanted to just hide it and act like we never seen the documents that were clearly there from the night before, when Marbury got upset and took it to court because he knew what he was promised. -
12th Amendment
Before the 12th amendment, every candidate running for President ran for President by himself, regardless of political party. The electors would pick two of these candidates, one for President and one for Vice President.These electors will give all of their votes to the Presidential candidate that wins the popular vote in each state. The popular vote is to total number of people that vote for each candidate. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase is when the United States purchased about 828,000,000 square miles of territory from France, thereby doubling the size of the states. What was known as Louisiana Territory stretched from the Mississippi River in the east to the Rocky Mountains in the west and from the Gulf of Mexico in the south to the Canadian border in the north. -
Hamilton vs. Burr
The Burr–Hamilton duel was fought between prominent American politicians Aaron Burr, the sitting Vice President of the United States, and Alexander Hamilton, the former Secretary of the Treasury, at Weehawken, New Jersey on July 11, 1804.The duel was the culmination of a long and bitter rivalry between the two men. Hamilton aimed his pistol to the sky but Burr shot and mortally wounded Hamilton, who was carried to the home of William Bayard, where he died the next day. -
Impressment
Impressment of American sailors into the Royal Navy was the most important for many Americans. The British practice of manning naval ships with "pressed" men, who were forcibly placed into service, was a common one in English history, dating back to medieval times. -
War of 1812
War of 1812, the United States took on the greatest power in the world, Great Britain, in a conflict that would have an immense impact on the young country’s future. Causes of the war included British attempts to restrict U.S. trade, the Royal Navy’s impressment of American seamen and America’s desire to expand its territory. The United States suffered many costly defeats at the hands of British, Canadian and Native American troops over the course of the War of 1812. -
Adam-Onis Treaty
The Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty, the Florida Purchase Treaty, or the Florida Treaty, was a treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain. -
Panic of 1819
The Panic of 1819 was a very sad time for the people living in America. It said to be the worst depression in American history. The Panic announced the transition of the nation from its colonial commercial status with Europe toward an independent economy, increasingly characterized by the financial and industrial imperatives of central bank monetary policy, making it susceptible to boom and bust cycles. -
The 2nd Great Awakening
The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States. The movement began around 1790, gained momentum by 1800 and, after 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations whose preachers led the movement. -
Monroe Doctrine
Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in The Americas beginning in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to take control of any independent state in North or South America would be viewed as "the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. At the same time, the doctrine noted that the U.S. would recognize and not interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. -
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams was elected President on February 9, 1825, after the election was decided by the House of Representatives. In this election, the Democratic-Republican Party splintered as four separate candidates sought the presidency. -
Corrupt Bargain
To the surprise of many, the House elected John Quincy Adams over rival Andrew Jackson. It was widely believed that Clay, the Speaker of the House at the time, convinced Congress to elect Adams, who then made Clay his Secretary of State. Jackson's supporters denounced this as a "corrupt bargain". -
Temperance movement
Temperance movement is a social movement against the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Temperance movements typically criticize alcohol intoxication, promote complete abstinence (teetotalism), or use its political influence to press the government to enact alcohol laws to regulate the availability of alcohol or even its complete prohibition. -
Lowell Mills
The textile industry had begun to use helpful machines, such as the spinning mule, production was increasing.The Lowell system was a labor and production model employed in the United States, particularly in New England, during the early years of the American textile industry in the early 19th century.The Lowell Girls were young female workers who came to work in industrial corporations in Lowell, Massachusetts during the Industrial Revolution in the United States. -
John C. Calhoun
John C. Calhoun was an American politician from South Carolina, and the seventh Vice President of the United States. He is remembered for defending slavery and for advancing the concept of minority rights in politics, which he did in the context of defending white Southern interests from perceived Northern threats. By the late 1820s, his views changed and he became a leading proponent of states' rights, limited government, nullification, and opposition to high tariffs. -
Death of Jackson's wife
During the deeply personal prelude to the 1828 election, she was the subject of extremely negative attacks from the supporters of Andrew Jackson's opponent, John Quincy Adams. Jackson believed that these attacks had hastened her death, and thus blamed his political enemies. He said he would never forgive those who accused his wife and helped her to an early death. -
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson was our 7th president in The United States of America.was an American soldier and statesman who served as the seventh President of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before being elected to the presidency, Jackson gained fame as a general in the United States Army and served in both houses of Congress. As president, Jackson sought to advance the rights of the "common man"against a "corrupt aristocracy"and to preserve the Union. -
Joseph Smith
Joseph Smith was an American religious leader and founder of Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint movement. When he was twenty-four, Smith published the Book of Mormon. By the time of his death fourteen years later, he had attracted tens of thousands of followers and founded a religious culture that continues to the present. -
Trail of Tears
The trail of Tears were a horrible time for Native Americans.Working on behalf of white settlers who wanted to grow cotton on the Indians’ land, the federal government forced them to leave their homelands and walk thousands of miles to a specially designated “Indian territory” across the Mississippi River. -
Cemeteries
Before 1831, America had no cemeteries. It's not that Americans didn't bury their dead—just that large, modern graveyards did not exist. But with the construction of Mount Auburn Cemetery, a large burial ground in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the movement to build cemeteries in America began. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Many slave rebellions broke out in the late 18th and early 19th century but the one that left a hand print on the history of America was from of an African American Nat Turner..On August 22, 1831, Turner and 6 slaves began an attack and killed their owner’s family. The news went through the West and called it the Nat turner’s rebellion. He starts off moving from plantation to plantation killing white man women and children that were all for slavery. -
Whig Party
The Whig Party was a political party active in the middle of the 19th century in the United States. Four US presidents belonged to the party while in office. It emerged in the 1830s as the leading opponent of Jacksonians, pulling together former members of the National Republican (one of the successors of the Democratic-Republican Party) and Anti-Masonic Parties. It had distant links to the upscale traditions of the Federalist Party. -
Greek Revival
With a newfound access to Greece, or initially the books produced by the few who had actually been able to visit the sites, archaeologist-architects of the period studied the Doric and Ionic orders. In each country it touched, the style was looked on as the expression of local nationalism and civic virtue, and freedom from the lax detail and frivolity that was thought to characterize the architecture of France and Italy, two countries where the style never really took hold. -
Siege of Bexar (Alamo)
Remember the Alamo- group of Texan volunteer soldiers occupied the Alamo, a former Franciscan mission located near the present-day city of San Antonio. Mexican force numbering in the thousands and led by General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna began a siege of the fort. Though outnumbered, the Alamo’s 200 defenders commanded by James Bowie, William Travis and including the famed frontiersman Davy Crockett held out bravely for 13 days before the Mexican invaders finally overpower them. -
Oregon Trail
Mountain men fur trappers were the earliest to use the Oregon Trail. A few early missionaries came in the 1830s. Larger groups of American settlers began arriving in 1843. The California Trail, Mormon Trail, and Bozeman Trail overlapped much of the Oregon Trail and branched off it starting in 1846 -
Election of 1844
The election of 1844 was the 15th quadrennial presidential election, held from November 1, to December 4, 1844. Democrat James K. Polk defeated Whig Henry Clay in a close contest that turned on the controversial issues of slavery and the annexation of the Republic of Texas. -
Telegraph
The new technology that helped long distance commutation faster than letters was called The telegraph. It was the invented by Samuel Morse.Also because of this invention it helped change warfare forever, after it was invented :sprang up all along the East Coast. During the war, 15,000 miles of telegraph cable was laid purely for military purposes. -
Sam Houston
Sam Houston was an American soldier and politician. His victory at the Battle of San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico which was a very short battle. He was also the only governor within a future Confederate state to oppose secession (which led to the outbreak of the American Civil War) and to refuse an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy, a decision that led to his removal from office by the Texas secession convention. -
Zachary Taylor
Zachary Taylor was the 12th president of the US of A. Before his presidency, he was a career officer in the United States Army. His status as a national hero as a result of his victories in the Mexican–American War won his election to the White House despite his vague political beliefs. His top priority as president was preserving the Union, but he died sixteen months into his term before making any progress on the status of slavery, which had been starting conflicts in Congress. -
Wilmot Proviso
The Wilmot Proviso proposed an American law to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War. Congressman David Wilmot first introduced the proviso in the United States House of Representatives as a rider on a $2,000,000 appropriations bill intended for the final negotiations to resolve the Mexican–American War (this was only three months into the two-year war). It passed the House but failed in the Senate, where the South had greater representation. -
Frederick Douglas
Frederick Douglas as an African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. After escaping from slavery in Maryland, he became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York, and incisive antislavery writings. In his time, he was described by abolitionists as a living counter-example to slaveholders' arguments that slaves lacked the intellectual capacity to function as independent American citizens. -
California Gold Rush
The California Gold Rush happen when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought some 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. The sudden of immigration and gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy, and California became one of the few American states to go directly to statehood without first being a territory, in the Compromise of 1850. -
Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman was an American abolitionist, humanitarian, and an armed scout and spy for the United States Army during the American Civil War. Born into slavery, Tubman escaped and subsequently made some thirteen missions to rescue approximately seventy enslaved people, family and friends.Using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. -
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants. Many people in the south were becoming rich off it an everyone wanted a piece of it. However cotton was so hard to pick and took forever just for one. Which made people need someone to do which is where slaves come into the picture. Over the years it increases more because of the machines that are built to help the process of taking the cotton from the seed quicker. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Uncle tom's cabin was a book published by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The book was t shine the light on how bad African american slaves were begin treated in the south. The book was very popular in the north because many people didn't know hoe bad it really was. However the south was very angry about it because they felt that the book was a lie and even went to as far as making their own book called Aunt Phillis's Cabin so prove that slaves in the south were treated very well hich was not true. -
The Know-Nothings
American Party in 1855 and commonly known as the "Know Nothing" movement, was an American nativist political party that operated nationally in the mid-1850s. People in this movement were to reply "I know nothing" when asked about its specifics by outsiders, thus providing the group with its common appellation. They are the people who are why we think about secret groups and things like in the government. -
Dred Scott vs. Sandford
The Supreme Court decision Dred Scott v. Sandford the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African descent, whether free or slave, were not American citizens and could not sue in federal court. However Dred Scott was a former slave whom owner died and his wife took over he felt that he was old enough to have him freedom but the wife didn't she was just going to sell him to another. This is why he though it would be a good idea to take it to court and he eventually got his freedom. -
Harper's Ferry
Harper's Ferry was an effort by armed abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in 1859 by taking over a United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. Brown's party of 22 was defeated by a company of U.S. Marines. Colonel Robert E. Lee was in overall command of the operation to retake the arsenal. -
Crittenden Compromise
The Crittenden Compromise was an unsuccessful proposal introduced by the United States Senator John J. Crittenden (Constitutional Unionist of Kentucky). The Crittenden Compromise was an attempt to prevent the secession of southern states and avoid the Civil War. -
The Trent Affair
The Trent affair was a incident that took place between the United States and Great Britain during the American Civil War. The U.S Navy illegally capture two Confederate diplomats from a British ship. The British were highly upset about the incident. President Lincoln didn't want this British issue to mess up their plans So, the United States found away to stop the British from their bickering by releasing the two diplomats. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was a document written by President Lincoln to free slaves for their plantation owners. On September 22, soon after the Union victory at Antietam, he issued a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that as of January 1, 1863, all slaves in the rebellious states “shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.”. Most southerners were highly upset about this document he had made. -
The Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg address was a speech President Abraham Lincoln spoke: after the bloody war of Gettysburg. This speech was in fact only 2 mins long and the best speech president Lincoln ever made: although he thought it was so bad because no one clapped after but they were just in awe at how this odd man could move them in his words. The speech was mainly about telling the soldiers that the union was not just fighting a war just to preserve their land but to bring equality to all people. -
Sherman's March to the Sea
Sherman's March to the Sea, more formally known as the Savannah Campaign, was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 to December 21, 1864 by Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman of the Union Army. This march to sea change they way of war tactics forever because it showed people that just regular people whom are not in the war maybe just standbys are helping with war supplies are people whom can be included in the war too. -
Mexican American War
The Mexican–American War, also known as the Mexican War and in Mexico the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848. It followed in the wake of the 1845 American annexation of the independent Republic of Texas, which Mexico still considered its northeastern province and a part of its territory after its secession in the 1836 Texas Revolution a decade earlier. -
John Wilkes Booth
John Wilkes Booth was born May 10, 1838, near Bel Air, Maryland. At age 17, he made his acting debut. In the 1850s, he joined the Know-Nothing Party. During the Civil War, he was a Confederate secret agent. In March of 1865, his attempt to kidnap President Abraham Lincoln failed. On April 14, 1865, he assassinated Lincoln at Ford Theater. Booth was killed on April 26, 1865, in Port Royal, Virginia. -
Ulysses S Grant
Ulysses S Grant was the 18th President of the United States whom had fought in the Mexican-American war. However he was mostly know for his years during The American Civil War. During that war we was a strong-minded general and had great tactics for the union army.Following the war, Ulysses Grant became a national hero, and in 1866 was appointed America’s first four-star general at the recommendation of President Andrew Johnson. -
Tenant Farmers
A tenant farmer who rents farming land for the owner of the land. Tenant farmers were mostly made of immigrants. These farmers were people who basically gave all their money that they earned back to the owner whos land they grew their products from. However if their product went down in value: they would have to sell it for a cheaper price and if they didn't meant the requirements that the landlord gave them the farmers would eventually be kicked off the property. -
Triangular Trade
The best-known triangular trading system is the transatlantic slave trade, that operated from the late 16th to early 19th centuries. The use of African slaves was fundamental to growing colonial cash crops, which were exported to Europe. European goods, in turn, were used to purchase African slaves, who were then brought on the sea lane west from Africa to the Americas, the so-called Middle Passage. They traded slaves, cash crops, and manufactured goods. -
Clara Barton
Clara Barton was a pioneering nurse who founded the American Red Cross and one of many women to change women positions for jobs and other things during the Civil War. After the First Battle of Bull Run, Barton placed an ad in a Massachusetts newspaper for supplies; the response was a profound influx of supplies.[14] She worked to distribute stores, clean field hospitals, apply dressings, and serve food to wounded soldiers in close proximity to several battles.
