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700 BCE
The Dark Ages
The dark ages was a period of time from 476 to 800 ce.This period of time was a backward time for Europe. Meaning they had a weak economy, & no higher learning. Also the cause of it was the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the waves of invasions, & raiding that followed. -
Period: 100 BCE to
Beginnings of Exploration
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1350
The Black Death
The black death was a disease that occurred in Europe, which was transmitted by fleas on rats the were on the ships that were used to transport things. No one really knew at that time what the cause was, but due to that people would try to cure it in many ways. But because there was no cure that caused 40%-50% of Europe's population to decrease. Therefore there was barely any workers, a merchant society forms, & a new economy. -
1440
Printing press
The printing press was created by Johan Gutenberg. It is a device where pressure is applied to a paper or cloth & the ink is being transferred to it. The printing press quickly replicated things & spread literary works, which transformed Europe & the world. -
1492
The Columbian Exchange
The Columbian exchange was named after Christopher Columbus. It was an exchange of goods between the old world to the new world, which began in 1492.The old world mainly benefited from this exchange. On the other hand it wasn't beneficial, due to the fact that it would also exchange diseases, which would wipe out some populations like the Indian's population. -
1492
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus, a navigator born in Genoa, Italy, that completed four voyages. His first was to search for a shortcut to Asia, which he believed the shortest way would be heading west. He found land thinking it was Asia, but it was San Salvador, Bahamas. He then traveled back to Europe, & back to the Bahamas, which were his second & third trip. On his third, he mismanaged the colony so he was sent home as a criminal, but Isabella allowed his fourth voyage to where he ended up shipwrecked. -
1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
The Treaty of Tordesillas was an agreement between Spain & Portugal. It was written to solve a problem which was the discovering of Americas & Spain & Portugal both wanted land so they fought over it. Which resulted with the power of the pope diving the new lands between the two; Portugal had Brazil & Spain had the lands on the west. -
1500
Middle Passage
The Middle Passage had developed early during the colonial period. The routes where from Europe to Africa to load kidnapped slaves, then crossing the Atlantic to North America & the Caribbean where they were sold into slavery, which the routes were established by the Spanish & Portuguese. Later on the Middle passage didn't come into an end until 1865. -
1500
The Renaissance
The Renaissance was a period in European history from the 14th to 17th century.It as also known as the " Rebirth ". The renaissance had began after the the plague in the 14th & 15th centuries. It had imported new technologies & ideas, & classical ideas were reborn. Therefore, it was a good thing. -
Period: to
English Colonial Societies
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Headright System
The Headright System was set up in Jamestown, Virginia to attract new settlers to come into the region. As new settlers came in the deal was that they would receive 50 acres just for moving into the region, which would encourage settlers to move in. The reason why they made this system was, because they were in need for workers since they had emergence of tobacco & their population was in decline. -
Navigation Acts
The Navigation Acts were made to run colonial trade & enable England to collect taxes in the Colonies. There was many acts in different years that would require to limit certain things. They would also require that all goods should be transported on English or colonial American ships.The purpose of these Acts were to encourage British shipping & allow Great Britain to continue to have control of British colonial trade for the benefit of British merchants. -
Nathaniel Bacon
Nathaniel Bacon was a colonist who arrived to Virginia in 1674. In 1676 he led a rebellion against the governor William Berkeley, which was called the Bacon's Rebellion & was a colonial issue. The reason why the rebellion occurred was, because the governor would refuse to respond a series of Native American attacks on frontier settlements, & would deny the colonists to attack & claim American Indian frontier land westward. Which then resulted w/ them receiving a new governor that was better. -
William Penn
William Penn was an early Quaker, whom founded the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony & the future commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The way he founded Pennsylvania after being persecuted for being a Quaker, he went to America in 1682 & established it as a place where people could enojy freedom of religion. -
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution began in 1688 & ended in 1689. It was the overthrow of James II in England & his replacement of William III & Mary II, where the style of Spanish colonial government was wanted. Once William & his wife took over they wanted to ally England with Catholic France, put new taxes, & had reapplication for land deeds, which later on resulted of adopting the Bill of Rights. -
English Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights was an act that was signed by William III & Mary II after the Glorious Revolution. It declared the rights & liberties of the people, & established a constitutional monarchy in Great Britain. Therefore the rights & liberties of the individuals were protected by the English law, which was an influence to colonies in the North America & the Constitution of the United States. -
Act of Union 1707
The Act of Union in 1707 was the First Act of Union. It was passed by the United England's & Scotland's Parliaments in 1707. It led to the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on May 1, 1707. Ending with the United Kingdom Parliament meeting for the first time in October 1707. -
Period: to
Colonial America
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The American Enlightenment
The American Enlightenment was influenced in by the European Enlightenment. It began in the year 1714 and lasted until the year 1818. The enlightenment period led to the American Revolution and the creation of the American Republic -
Great Awakening
The Great Awakening is also known as the First Awakening. It began in 1730 and ended in 1755. It was Protestant religious revival, which made Christianity a more personal to the average person. -
French and Indian War
The French and Indian War was the counterpart to the Seven Years' War in Europe. The French and Indian War pitted the British colonies against the French colonies and as well as the Native Americans. Because of the distance between Europe and the colonies. The British colonies gained French Louisiana from the French after Great Britain won the war -
Fort William Henry
Fort William Henry is a British fort that was located in the province of New York. It was used during the French and Indian War. After a successful French siege, the British surrendered; however, the Huron tribes committed notorious atrocities against the surrendered british and provincial troops. -
Alexander Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton is known for being a Federalist. He was strongly in favor of a strong central government. Hamilton also wanted there to be a federal bank -
Period: to
The Revolutionary Era
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Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris was a treaty, which ended the French & Indian War, which was a war between Great Britain & France.The treaty was signed on February 10,1763. Due to the treaty France no longer supported all its territories in North America. Which was effective, because it ended any foreign military threat to the British colonies there. While the British gained control over the area west of the 13 British Colonies to the Mississippi River. -
Revenue Act
The American Revenue Act of 1764 was a continuation of the previous Sugar Act. It sought to make British-made goods to be cheaper to buy than those from the French West Indies. Unfortunately, the tariff was largely ignored by the colonists. -
Townshend Act
The Townshend Acts were intended to force duties on glass, lead, paints, paper & tea that was imported into colonies. The acts were hoped to cost taxes on the colonies, but many Americans viewed the taxation as abusement of power, resulting in the passage of agreeing to limit imports from Britain. Which then leaded to the Parliament to repeal all the Townshend duties except the tax on tea. -
Steam engine
Steam engines were machines that turn the energy released by burning fuel into motion. Thomas Newcomen was the first to build the crude but workable steam engine in 1712. Which was the improved by James Watt in the 1760s & 1770s. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a protest towards taxes. It was by members of the Sons of Liberty, a rebellious group which sought freedom for the United States, they boarded a ship full of tea coming from England. Dressed as Indians, they stole the tea off the ship. Following that, they threw millions of dollars in today's money worth of tea overboard. -
Continental Congress
The Continental Congress was a loose organization of representatives from the different states. The Congress initially met to discuss resistance against the Coercive Acts. After the war started, it served as a de facto government. -
Concord & Lexington
The battles of Concord and Lexington were two of the first battles of the Revolutionary War. After years of tensions, the war had finally started. In both the battles, the British were on the offensive, while the colonists were defending. -
Paul Revere
Paul Revere was a Patriot leader who was born in Boston, Massachusetts, which he took part in the Boston tea party. He is famously known for his ride on April 18,1775, at 10 at night to Lexington to warn John Hancock & Samuel Adams of the approaching British. Then later on he became one of the main organizers of the intelligence & alarm system, which would keep tabs on the British military, & became a part of Sons of Liberty. -
Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was a document written by the Continental Congress. It sought to officially declare the sovereignty of the American colonies. It also contained all the grievances of the colonists. -
Battle of Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga was a huge turning point in the war. It was fought over the city of Saratoga. The American forces ultimately achieved a decisive victory. -
Period: to
The Constitution
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Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation was the first government of the newly independent colonies. The structure of the Articles of Confederation prevented a strong central government. This government was unable to accomplish any tasks, because any action must receive an consistent vote from all the states.Which the Continental Congress adopted the Articles of Confederation, on November 15, 1777. However, it was ratified by all thirteen states did not occur until March 1, 1781. -
Treaty of Paris 1783
This Treaty was signed in Paris, France by representatives of King Gearge III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States. The treaty signified the end of the American Revolution. It also established the boundaries of the British empire in America and the United States. -
3/5 Compromise
The 3/5 Compromise was essential for the determination of state populations. Slave states and Non-Slave states disputed over if slaves counted into a state's population. The 3/5 Compromise states that for every five slaves, three would count into the state's population. -
Connecticut Plan/ Great Compromise
The Connecticut Plan was a compromise created by Roger Sherman & Oliver Ellsworth. It was created to have a compromise for the debate of both the Virginia & New Jersey Plan. This compromise has a modern-day congress & a bi-cameral legislature.It also has a House of Representatives & a senate, which was taken from both plans. Lastly, the plan led to the 3/5 compromise, which complicated the issue of popular representation in the house. -
Shay's Rebelion
The Shay's Rebellion,led by Daniel Shay, occurred in 1786-1787. He began the rebellion against the state & local enforcement of tax collectors, after the American Revolutionary War, due to lack of money & debts due to the war. Also due to farmers in Massachusetts that were unable to sell their harvest nor pay their taxes, their lands were sold at auctions & many were thrown in debtors prison led to the rebellion. Which later then resulted with the rebellion being crushed & leaders being killed . -
Virginia Plan
The Virginia Plan was a plan drafted by James Madison & presented by Edmund Randolph. It was a plan for large populated states, which choose to abandon the articles of confederation. This plan has a strong central government when it comes to be given authority. Also they have a single executive, meaning one president. Adding to this, they have a separate supreme court/judiciary. Lastly, it proposed to legislatures, the lower house & the upper house. -
New Jersey Plan
The New Jersey Plan was represented by William Patterson. This plan was for small populated states. It modifies the articles of confederation & has a single legislature ,meaning that 1 state equals 1 vote & everyone is equal. Also it has a legislature supreme law of land & executive is elected by congress. Lastly, it has a less powerful judiciary. -
Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance was an act that provided rules for governing the Northwest Territory, land north of the Ohio River & west of the Alleghenies. It was created by the confederation congress to create the first organized territory of the United States. It provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, & guaranteed they would be equal to the original 13 states. Lastly, it provided a self-government, religious toleration & slavery was prohibited for the new states. -
Period: to
The New Republic
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Whiskey Rebellion
Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest. People refused to pay the taxes placed on alcoholic drinks. The whiskey tax was the first tax imposed on a domestic product. -
United States Bill of Rights
The United States Bill of Rights is made up of 10 Amendments. The ratification process took about two years. The citizens were not willing to accept the United States Constitution unless the Bill of Rights was added. -
French Revolution
The French Revolution was a period of time where people overthrew the monarchy & took control of the government from 1789 to 1799. The cause to the revolution was many problems in France. Such as, high prices while given low wages, taxes on crops, people disliked absolute royalty, etc. The revolution ended when Napoleon Bonaparte took power in November 1799, & became the emperor in 1804. -
Cotton Gin
The cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney in 1794. The purpose of the cotton gin was to easily remove seeds from cotton rather than to do it by hand, which revolutionized cotton agriculture. By making cotton production expand, & cotton becoming the leading export of America. The only bad outcome about it was that at that time when the cotton gin was invented there wasn't as much slavery as before, but due to the cotton gin, slavery began making a come back. -
Jay's Treaty
The actual for the Jay's Treaty is The Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation. This treaty is between the United States and Great Britain. Its purpose was to resolve the issues that were left since the Treaty of Paris 1783 -
Pinckney's Treaty
Pinckney's Treaty is also known as the Treaty of San Lorenzo and also as the Treaty of Madrid. The intention of the treaty was to form a friendship between the United States and Spain. This treaty also defined the border of the United States and Spanish Florida -
Alien and Sedation Acts
They were four bills passed by the United States Congress. These bills made it harder for immigrants to become United States citizens. It also allowed the president to arrest and deport illegal immigrants who are deemed to be dangerous. -
Triangular Trade
The Triangular trade, which occurred late 16th to early 19th century, was supposedly a transatlantic British trade route that had three parts to the " triangle ". The trade was from Africa to the Americas to transport slaves, the Americas to Europe to transport raw materials, & Europe to Africa to transport finished goods. Which this was a way for colonies to earn money, but it began to stop as soon as European colonies began to import Africa slaves. -
Period: to
The Age of Jefferson
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Judiciary Act
The Judiciary Act was made by Federalist in Congress & the John Adams administration to pack the Federal courts with Federalists. It was created to reduce the six supreme court justices into five & eliminated the justices' circuit duties. To replace the justices on circuit, the act created sixteen judgeship's for six judicial circuits. Which then the Judiciary Act was repealed. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a land deal between the United States & France. Through out this situation Spain ceded Louisiana back to France, which Napoleon threatens to close New Orleans & diplomats were sent to Paris. Then Thomas Jefferson buys Louisiana for less than 3 cents an acre, because he was afraid that Napoleon would back out the offer. Therefore, he secured the Mississippi River & the doubled the size off the nation. -
Period: to
The American Industrial Revolution (1st Half)
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Rush-Bagot Treaty
This treaty was an agreement between Great Britain and the United States to limit their naval armaments on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain. It was a result of the aftermath of the War of 1812. It specified how many military ships and canons could the countries have on the intercontinental lakes. -
Adams-Onis Treaty
The Adams-Onis Treaty Negotiated by secretary of state John Quincy Adams & Spanish minister Luis de Onís. It was a treaty between the United States & Spain, that ceded Florida to the U.S. & New Spain. Therefore, a new boundary was defined between the
U.S & New Spain. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise was a compromise that was created by Henry Clay, which was designed to were it set up a balance between slave & free states. The compromise basically drew an imaginary line 36 degrees & 30 degrees latitude. The states that were above this line would be free & the ones below will be states with slaves. Which the compromise was only a temporary solution due to it becoming repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854, & then becoming unconstitutional by the supreme court. -
Waltham-Lowell System
It is a labor and production model employed in the United States. The textile industry boomed because of the system as well as new inventions. -
Lowell Mills
Refers to the numerous mills located in Lowell, Massachusetts. It was invented by Francis Cobot Lowell. These mills were the first place where people and machines work under the same roof and where products can be made from start to finish. -
Monroe Doctorine
The Monroe Doctrine, delivered by President James , was a policy towards the Western Hemisphere.The Monroe Doctrine was developed, because the United States & Britain were concerned of European colonial expansion in the Americas. For that reason the doctrine warns European nations that the United States wouldn't tolerate further colonization. Therefore, the United States promised to stay out of European business & told the Europeans to stay out of the Western Hemisphere's business. -
Election of 1824
In the Election of 1824 there was no picked successor. It was free for all, which allowed Andrew Jackson to get in. They only had four candidates, John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, William Crawford, & Henry clay, which ran along in the middle. Once they had votes in Jackson won popular votes, but Adams was chosen. -
Period: to
Jacksonian America
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Erie Canal
The cannal links the waters from Lake Erie to the waters of the Hudson River. The canal made it possible for ships to travel upstream. This allowed more products to be transported in the shortest amount of time. -
Spoils System
The spoils system was introduced by Andrew Jackson after winning the 1828 election. This system was basically where the leader appoints people, due to how they're relationship is. So basically men would honestly buy there way into the office by getting along with Jackson. Therefore it was ended with the passage of the Pendleton Act. -
Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad was formed in the late 1700s to 1860. The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes in the early to mid-19 century. It was used by African American slaves to escape into free states & Canada with aid of abolitionists & allies who where sympathetic to there cause. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
This rebellion is also known as a slave rebellion. Led by Nat Turner, rebel slaves were able to kill 55-65 people. The rebellion was put to an end in a matter of days. Nat Turner survived in hiding for two months after the end of the rebellion -
Bank Veto Speech
Once the Bank of The United States happened, there was some that agreed with it & others that didn't. Such as, Andrew Jackson he hated it. Due to the fact he believed it favored the rich. As a result, he gave a speech explaining why he vetoed, he laid out the vision for American democracy. He also had the opposition support him & democracy,& appealed as a common man. Lastly, he destroyed Henry Clay in election. -
Election of 1832
In the Election of 1832 they had major political parties hold national conventions to nominate their candidates, which was the first time they've ever done that. They had to choose from three candidates, the Democratic Party , Andrew Jackson, the National Republicans (anti-Jackson's), Henry Clay & the Anti-Masonic Party, William Wirt. Ending with Andrew Jackson winning. -
Black Hawk War
The Black Hawk War was a conflict between the United States and Native Americans, led by Black Hawk. Regardless of provisions Black Hawk refused to leave his own home, so he began to prepare for war. Which resulted with him getting defeated & the Mid- Western Tribes were forced to move to Indian Territory. -
Old Hickory
The Old Hickory was actually a nickname for Andrew Jackson. He was a man whom was in the Democratic Party & was a candidate in the Election of 1832.He also did a veto speech towards the bank, which led him to win the Election of 1832. -
Nullification Crisis
The Nullification Crisis was when South Carolina adopted the ordinance to nullify the tariff acts and label them unconstitutional. Regardless of sympathetic voices from other Southern states, South Carolina found itself standing alone.It also affected the South by hurting Southern agriculture,which of course they didn't like. For that reason, the Compromise Tariff of 1833 was eventually accepted by South Carolina and ended the nullification crisis. -
Iron Plow
A plow is a tool used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or turn the soil. Plows were traditionally drawn by working animals such as horses or cattle, but in modern times are drawn by tractors. A plow may be made of wood, iron, or steel frame with an attached blade or stick used to cut the earth. It has been a basic instrument for most of recorded history. The plow represents one of the major agricultural inventions in human history. -
Election of 1836
The Election of 1836 was the 13th quadrennial presidential election. In this election Martin Van Buren, a democrat, was a personal choice of Andrew Jackson. The whig candidates were William H. Harrison, Hugh L. White, Daniel Webster. There was also another candidate that was independent & is called Willie Person Mangum. Ending with Martin Van Buren barely winning the election against the Whigs. -
Trail of Tears
The Trail of Tears was an event where Native Americans/Cherokees were forced to leave. It was a result from the enforcement of the Treaty of Echota, which was an agreement signed under the provisions of the Indian Removal Act of 1830. On this event thousands of Native Americans died relocating to Indian Territory, due to harsh weather conditions, starvation & disease. Therefore, this event was horrible for Native Americans. -
Period: to
Westward Expansion
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Telegraph
Inventor Samuel Morse created the telegraph revolutionized long-distance communication.It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laid between stations.In addition to helping invent the telegraph,Samuel Morse developed a code that assigned a set of dots and dashes to each letter of the English alphabet and allowed for the simple transmission of complex messages across telegraph lines.In 1844,Morse sent his first telegraph message. Now,instead of telegraphs, other machines are used. -
Manifest Destiny
Te Manifest destiny was an expansion westward, which occurred in the mid-nineteenth century. In the 19th century the manifest destiny was a belief in the U.S. that its settlers were destined to expand across North America. The westward expansion included fur trade, huge profits, & trappers & military expeditions bringing information about western lands. -
Wilmot Proviso
The Wilmot Proviso was a result of the Mexican American War. It proposed an American law to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War. It also provided an appropriation of $2 million to enable President Polk to negotiate a territorial settlement with Mexico. -
Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman was an American abolitionist that helped slaves escape from the South using the Underground Railroad. During the Civil War she also worked for the Union Army as a nurse, cook & spy. Therefore, she was basically a hero for many & seen as a symbol of how black people resisted slavery. -
Popular Soveriegnity
The Popular Sovereignty was a doctrine in a political theory that government is created by & subjected to will of the people. It proposed allowing states to choose their own path if slaves or free. Which the doctrine was first used by Lewis Cass in 1847. -
Free Soil Party
The Free Soil Party was a political party formed in 1848 by supporters of the Wilmot Proviso that had failed & members of the whig party, liberty party, & anti-slavery " Barnburner" Democrats.They opposed the extension of slavery, which began with the conflict between proslavery & antislavery forces. They wanted to keep slavery where it already existed & they resented Southern influence in Democratic Party. Which the party wasn't so successful & were even less successful in the election of 1852. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo
The Mexican American War was an official ended with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo, which was by Winfield Scott. The treaty added an additional 525,000 square miles to the United States territory, meaning it settled border dispute. It basically seized over half of Mexico's territory. It resulted to have an effect & still to this day it is still in force between the United States & Mexico. -
Period: to
Sectional Crisis
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California Gold Rush
The California Gold Rush began January 24,1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. Once others got the news that gold was found thousands migrated to California. AT the beginning the gold was easy to find it , then it became harder to find it, so people began mining in 1852. This resulted with developing California in many ways & it the Gold Rush ended in 1855. -
Fugitative Slave Act
The Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the U.S. congress. The act was already a part of the Compromise of 1850. It was a law that provided southern slaveholders with legal weapons to capture slaves who had escaped to the free states. -
Henry Clay's Compromise
Henry Clay gave a speech for Compromise on the issues dividing the Union. He wanted California to be free, New Mexico to divided in two, settle Texas border issue & wanted stronger fugitive slave laws.However his ideas weren't adopted in a single bill. -
Kansas Nebraska Act
The Kansas Nebraska Act created the territories of Kansas & Nebraska, it was drafted by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas & President Franklin Pierce.The purpose of this act was to open up thousands of new farms & make feasible a Midwestern Transcontinental Railroad. Which resulted with 36 degrees & 30 degrees to be repealed, Kansas to have slaves & Nebraska to be free of slaves, & the act was passed. -
Bleeding Kansas
The Bleeding Kansas was a series of violent confrontations in the U.S. between 1854 & 1861. It involved anti-slavery " Free states" & pro slavery " Border Ruffian. Due to how they attempted to establish Kansas as a slave state, the Bleeding Kansas led to the Civil war, because it led to the establishments of the Republican Party. In the Bleeding Kansas the result was ruffians killed five free state men & in all approximately 55 people were killed. -
John Brown's Raid
John Brown's Raid occurred in Harper's Ferry in 1859. The Abolitionist John Brown lead a small group on a raid against a federal armory there, which the abolitionist believed god had called on him to destroy slavery. They attempted to start & end an armed slave revolt & destroy the institution slavery. But Robert E. Lee quickly defeated Brown & Brown & his Raiders were tried
& hanged. -
Crittenden Compromise
The Crittenden Compromise was an unsuccessful proposal, which was introduced by John J. Crittenden. It was a series of constitutional amendments proposed in congress in 1860 to serve as a compromise between pro-slavery & antislavery, where slavery would be permitted in the South but not north of latitude 36 degrees & 30 degrees North. It was also an attempt to prevent the secession of southern states & avoid Civil War. -
The Battle of Bull Run
The Battle of Bull Run, which was a first major battle of the civil war, occurred in Virginia north of Manassass. There was 30,000 union troops, that where from the army of the Potomac, traveled South. Resulting with a humiliating result for the Union, because they had been defeated by the Confederates. After that the Union troops fled to D.C.. -
Trent Affair
The Trent Affair was a diplomatic incident during the American Civil War that threatened a war between the United States & the United Kingdom. It was sent by the diplomats to Europe, which the confederates chose the diplomats. Then the USS San Jancinto intercepts the RMS Trent (aka England). Which The British, who had not taken sides in the war, asked for an apology. In the end, President Abraham Lincoln releases confederate diplomats, sent U.S. diplomats & secured British & french neutrality. -
Period: to
The Civil War
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Conscription Act
The Conscription was a legislation passed by the United States Congress during the Civil War. A reason for that was to provide manpower for the Union Army. The act called for registration of all males between ages of 20 & 45, including immigrants that were trying to become citizens. -
Twenty Negro Law
The Twenty Negro law is also known as the " Twenty Slave Law ". It was a piece of legislation enacted by the Confederate Congress during the American Civil War. Which was that anyone who has 20 slaves or more wont have to join the war, & of course the poor Southerners were upset, because they had no slaves. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by Abraham Lincoln. It granted freedom to slaves in Confederate States if the states didn't return by the 1st of January in 1863. Under this proclamation, freedom would only come to the slaves if the Union won the war. Which honestly didn't end up stopping slavery. -
Confederate States of America
The Confederate States of America is referred to as the Confederacy. It was an unorganized government that existed in the southern United States during the American Civil war. They're government was much like the United states government & the constitution. However, it emphasized states rights & clearly protected. -
13th Amendment
The 13th Amendment was made to abolish slavery & was the first of three Reconstruction Amendments. It was adopted in the five years following the American Civil War. It was also passed by the Senate on April 8,1864 & by the house on January 31,1865. -
Lincoln's Assassination
Abraham Lincoln was assassinated on April 14,1865, by an actor named John Wilkes Booth. The president Lincoln had attended a play at Ford's Theater. John Wilkes Booth sneaks up behind him & shoots him. Lincoln ended up dying the next day. -
Appomattox Courthouse
The Appomattox Court House ended the whole civil war officially. In this war over 65,000 Americans died. Also through out it there was blockade at Pittsburgh/Richmond, causing Robert E. Lee's army to starve & forced to retreat. Leading Lee to surrender to Ulysses S. Grant. Which then ended with all confederate forces surrendering by late June. -
Period: to
Reconstruction & The New South
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14th Amendment
The 14th Amendment was created by John Bingham, Jacob M. Howard, & Lyman Trumbull. The amendment was adopted on July 8,1868. This amendment addressed citizenship rights & equal protection of the laws. It was proposed in response to the issues related to former slaves. -
15th Amendment
The 15th amendment, which was ratified in 1870, contained two sections. One stated that " The rights of citizens to vote shall not be denied or abridged on account of race,color, or previous condition of servitude". The second one granted the U.S. congress the power to enforcement through legislation. Therefore, due to previous conflicts with former slaves/blacks they were allowed to vote now. -
Panic of 1873
The Panic of 1873 was a financial crisis that triggered a depression in Europe & North America that lasted until 1879. Which resulted with weakening the Republican Party & the Democrats regained the House of Representatives in 1874. Also it helped bring Reconstruction to a formal end. -
Election of 1876
The election of 1876 was one of the most disputed presidential elections. It was between Rutherford B. Hayes & Democrat Samuel Tilden. The popular votes went for Tilden & the electoral votes were unclear. They ended up with Tilden having 184 & Hayes having 185, meaning Hayes won. -
Compromise of 1877
The Compromise of 1877 was an informal deal that settled the 1876 presidential election. Due to this compromise Rutherford Hayes was given all the election votes. Which he agreed to end reconstruction, & removed federal troops from the South. -
Clara Barton
Clara Barton was a nurse who founded the American Red Cross in 1881. She was a hospital nurse in the American Civil War, a teacher, and patent clerk. She honored most women in American history, because before the war men would mainly have the roles for teaching & nursing, but there were women who stood up & went for it. Like Clara Barton she would risk her life to bring supplies & support to soldiers in the field during the Civil War. -
Mississippi Plan
The Mississippi Plan was devised by the Democratic Party in the state to overthrow the Republican Party. Meaning organized threats of violence & suppression or purchase of the black vote. It created terror for black & white Republicans not to vote & the Democrats win easily. -
Grandfather Clause
The Grandfather Clause, which occurred in 1898-1915, was a provision in which an old rule continues to apply to continues to apply to some existing situations while a new rule will apply to all future cases. Which the rule was that if your grandfather was eligible to vote before 1867 then they would be able to have some rights.
