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Period: 20,000 BCE to
Beginnings To Exploration
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500 BCE
Dark Ages
The dark ages was the historical periodization or era usually referring to the Middle Ages, that asserts the tragic demographic, cultural and economic deterioration that occurred in Western Europe when there was no roman or referred to "holy roman" emperor in west which happened not long after the decline of the Roman empire. But the reason why it is often called The "dark ages" is because compared to other eras historians do not know as much about this time. -
400 BCE
North-American Native Societies
The North American Native Societies cultures were less developed than the cultures of those in the South America and Mesoamerica . The Northern American groups created complex societies or social classes, long distance trade and magnificent buildings .They basically lived off of sea life and hunted animals like whales in canoes but the coastal forest provided plentiful food as well. The North Americans lived a less harsh life compared to the south due to their climate and their dry desert land. -
350 BCE
Mesoamerica
The Olmec's were the first advanced civilization in the America's. Where they lived in tropical lowlands of south central Mexico. Bloodletting was ritualized, self-cutting or piercing of an individuals body. Now the Aztec's was the most largest population around (20 mil.) and was a very materialistic culture. They performed human sacrifice in honor of their "God's". Human Sacrifice was a cultural tradition for them. -
300 BCE
Bering Land Bridge
This land bridge was used to connect the continents North America and Asia to allow exploration to seek the "new world". The" first wave" consisted of cultural tools made such as Clovis points which are large or long spear head that were mostly used as weapons. Second wave were the ancestors of Southwest natives. The third wave consisted of ancestors of Arctic Natives. -
1300
The Renaissance "re-birth"
The renaissance originated in Italy. Leonardo DaVinci was known for architectural structures, paintings, and sculptures. Leonardo DaVinci's contribution to this era was was very helpful he helped share the artwork and ideas through the printing press and invented many useful things. On the other hand, Michelangelo demonstrated realism in his work. Which is the practice of accepting a situation as is. -
1347
The Black Death
The Black Death was a plague that was a great tragedy in this era. This bacteria that came from rodents/fleas that killed 40%- 50% of Europe's population. Peasants got the advantage of the population decreasing and had benefits by receiving a higher standard of living and raised wage's. The merchant society were people who traded in commodities produced by other people. In other terms a small trading business. Items were sold or traded among different societies -
1450
Middle Passage
It is called the Middle Passage because it was the middle leg of the trade triangles that were developed early during the colonial period.The Middle Passage was used for many things, it was also use for many ways of transportation and trading. The Middle Passage was the stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade. -
1492
The Columbian Exchange
The Colombian exchange was a large trade system that consisted of plants, animals, culture, human populations and technology/ ideas between the old world and new world. Diseases were a big part because they were being consumed by people or bacteria was already infecting and roaming among the items that were being traded. The changes in agriculture significantly left an impact on the exchange. This resulted in the transfer of people between different continents of the old world vs. the new world. -
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English colonial societies
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Chesapeake Colonies
the Chesapeake colonies originated in Jamestown, Virginia. They started as a private charter from the English crown in 1606. It was the first successful colony due to its major cash crop Tobacco. The colonies were known for being a major profit maker. This colony was small (105 settlers) but out of all of them only about 32 survived the severe winter weathers; They were also isolated from natives. -
Period: to
Colonial America To 1763
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New England Settlement Difference By Region
The Northern Colonies were known for being family orientated. The primary reason for settlement was to practice religion and to be politician-free. New England colonies were based off of manufacturing and trade. The New England Colonies also consisted of subsistence farming, busy sea ports, ship building, as well as small villages. Subsistence farming took place due to the poor, thin and dry soil and cold weather they had in this area, which was the only way they could maintain their families. -
Southern Colonies Difference By Region
The southern colonies were mainly plains with warmer climates and rich, fertile soil that was suitable for cash crop farming. The southern region purpose for settlement was for economic gain (commercial gain). The south was known off of agriculture. This region consisted of things like slavery which made it very diverse, there was a constant struggle for money, and jealousy from the peasants or poor to those with a lot of money. -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Massachusetts bay colony, was one of the most original English settlements in what is now present day Massachusetts. It was settled in 1630 by a group that consisted of roughly about 1000 Puritan refugees form England under governor John Winthrop, which later on became one of the most powerful religious leaders in the colony. John Winthrop wanted the Massachusetts Bay Colony to become "a city on a hill" or a perfect example of perfect religious community that he even wrote about it. -
Tobacco
Tobacco became a main cash crop which economically was a great crop to grow for money .Over 1 million pounds were exported to England by 1630. Labor was a conflict and indentured servants became contracted to work. These servants did experience a hard life among hard working conditions because of the labor, but employers did feed and supply servants with clothing. Owners supplied servants with tools and clothes after they were freed. -
Triangular Trade
The "transatlantic" trade is the best-known trading system which consisted of three trading route destinations. They traded things like money, crops, manufactured goods, and even slaves. The trade went between west Africa, the Caribbean (American colonies), and the European colonial powers. This trade was very beneficial because it was the only way for colonies to make money. -
The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic slave trade was also known as International African slave trade . This created a new source of labor for Europe. Slavery increased in the late 1600's. This trade consisted of the following countries Spain, Portugal, and Holland. In a century, Britain was the largest slave trading nation. -
Navigation Acts
The Navigation Acts were designed to regulate colonial trade as well as enabled England to collect duties which were also refereed to taxes in the colonies. The Navigation act required limited dutch trade with the English colonies it also required all goods to be transported on English or colonial American ships. -
Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch trials was started by a group of girls that were considered to be bored. Puritans in Salem, Massachusetts were religious people, and the devil was not tolerated. The claimed to have been possessed by the devil and accused many that were innocent of witch craft and called them witches.20 were convicted and many were prosecuted in cruel ways such as hanging or drowning.After the truth came out and trials were admitted as a "misunderstanding". -
The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas and was rapidly spreading across in Europe. Scientists like Isaac Newton and writers like John Locke were challenging the old order. It was presented as a challenge to traditional religious views. -
Caribbean colonies
The Caribbean colonies major crop was sugar, the Europeans used sugar for almost everything, especially tea. The entire population was roughly around 44,000 people. Barbados was known to have a smaller population of around 26,000 people and contained island labor. Slaves played a major part in the Caribbean Colonies and which later on The slaves eventually outnumbered the people and they had no official legal recourse for slaves. -
John Edwards
John Edwards had a consumer oriented society in which who had many famous quotes but one of his quotes; quote, "people are like spiders hanging over a nit of damnation" this quote stuck with people even after the Great awakening. John Edwards was a philosopher and minister , who was involved in the religious revival known as the Great Awakening. -
The Great Awakening
The great awakening was an event in which swept across Britain and its 13 colonies. The Great Awakening was very similar to the Enlightenment, but the reaction to secularism was the cause of it . Secularism is the separation of state from religious institutions like churches. This is the belief that there is no discrimination against anybody in the name of religion. There was many religious revivals that spread across the American colonies but many were then scared into being religious after. -
Seven-Years War
This war was a large global conflict fought throughout 1756 and 1763. This war was caused due to the fighting and arguing over territories between the French and the British bringing along their alliances. Who started this was the French over expanded into the Ohio River Valley and brought conflict to the British colonies.Furthermore, the treaty of Paris ended this war. -
Period: to
The American Industrial Revolution
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The Treaty Of Paris 1763
The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian War also known as the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France, as well as their allies. The treaty of Paris does fall back on, France giving up all its territories in mainland North America, effectively ending and surrendering or backing out any foreign military threat to the British colonies. -
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The Revolutionary War
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Stamp Act
The stamp act was passed by British Parliament on March 22 in 1765. This was a tax did not benefit it rather affected colonists to pay a tax on paper goods like letters, legal documents, or newspaper. The colonists did not like this act, they got so angry so they protested against it. A saying that was created and went famous and it is still know till this day was, "No taxation without representation". Petitions were made and sent to congress. -
Boston Massacre
A squad of British soldiers opened fire on American colonists and killed five men in Boston on the Provence of the Massachusetts Bay. This tragic event was caused due to of all of the taxes like tea, paper, and lead being made by parliament on the American colonies. The colonists were the ones that started it by throwing snowballs with rocks at the soldiers. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston tea party was a major event in this era, due to the fact that the British parliament wanted to be bold and start taxing American colonists for drinking tea. What they called the "tea party" isn't really a tea party; this event consisted of colonists who were very angry at British soldiers for all of the taxing, they poured over 300 boxes of tea into the Boston harbor serving as what they saw as "revenge". -
Battle of Lexington
The battle of Lexington was fought on April 19, 17775, and was the first battle of the revolutionary war fought in Massachusetts. It was a confrontation on the Lexington town green started off the fighting, and soon after the British were hastily retreating under intense fire. The american ended up wining the battle. The very successful Battle of Lexington proved to the British that American army was not just a band of unorganized rebels, but an army that deserved respect. -
Common Sense
The common sense was a document was written and published in 1776. This written statement challenged the authorization of British government and royal monarchy. The main purpose of this pamphlet was to help cause American colonists to decide to fight for independence. -
The Declaration Of Independence
The Declaration Of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson but never signed by him due to some thoughts of his but was adopted in Pennsylvania state house in Philadelphia which explained the colonist motives for seeking independence on July 4, 1776 in which we now celebrate known as "July the 4th" -
Articles Of Confederation
This document was the first written constitution of the United States. The purpose of these articles referred to the states remaining sovereign and independent, with the congress. Congress was also given the authority to make treaties and alliances, maintain armed forces and coin money. However, the central government lacked the ability to establish taxes and regulate commerce. -
Treaty Of Paris 1783
The treaty of Paris of 1783 was signed by representatives of King George lll on September 3, 178 which ended the revolutionary war between the American colonies and Great Britain, and recognized the United States as an independent Nation. -
Three Breaches Of Government
The Three branches of government consist of the Executive branch which is the President and about 5,000,000 workers then follows the Legislative branch which is the Senate and the house of representatives and finally the third branch is the Judicial branch which is the supreme court and lower courts. -
Northwest Ordinance
The second continental congress chartered a government for the North West territory. They also provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory. Soon after they listed a bill of rights. -
Connecticut Plan
The Connecticut Compromise also known as the Great Compromise or Sherman Compromise proposed a solution and agreement between larger and smaller dates over their representation in the newly propose senate. The larger states believed that representation should be based proportionally on the contribution each state made to the nations finances and defense, and the smaller states believed that the only fair and equal plan was of equal representation. -
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The Constitution
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New Republic
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Federalist Party
The federalist party was a United States party founded by treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton. The federalist part was also known as the pro-administration part until the 3rd United States congress as opposed to their opponents in the anti-administration party which was the first american political party. The only Federalist president was John Adams. -
First National Bank
The First Bank of the United States was needed because the government had a debt from the Revolutionary War, and each state had a different form of money. The First Bank's charter was drafted in 1791 by the Congress and signed by George Washington. -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a uprising of farmers and distillers in Western Pennsylvania in protest of a whiskey tax because of the federal government. Following years of aggression with tax collectors, the region finally exploded in a confrontation that had President Washington respond by sending troops to quell what some feared could become a full-blown revolution. -
Cotton Gin
The first Cotton Gin to be made was by Eli Whitney. The cotton gin was a very popular and simple machine, it was mostly popular in the south in which could successfully pull out the seeds from the cotton balls there fore made the south the most cotton producing part of the country. The cotton gin increased the need for labor and land since growing cotton became very profitable and popular. -
Jay's Treaty
Jay's treaty was an agreement that assuaged antagonisms between the United States and Great Britain, it put down a base upon which America could build a sound national economy, and assured its commercial prosperity. -
Pickney's Treaty
Pickney's treaty was also commonly known an the Treaty of San Lorenzo which took place in San Lorenzo de el Escorial on October 27, 1795 which established the intention of wanting a good relationship between the United States and Spain. This treaty was important as well as successful to the United states as known to resolve territorial disputes between the two countries, American ships were granted the right to have free navigation of the Mississippi river it included other beneficial things. -
XYZ Affair
The XYZ affair was a group of people that were political and diplomatic. John Adams was the one who had started this group , involving a confrontation between the United States and the French to try and start a war with Britain. -
Kentucky Resolution
The Kentucky resolution involved the state of Virginia. These were political statements drafted in 1798 and 1799, in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional due to the fact that they infringed on the reserved powers of the states. . Madison hoped that other states would register their opposition to the alien and sedition acts as beyond the powers given to congress. -
Moses Austin
Moses Austin was an american pioneer who played a big roll/part in the development of the industry in the United Sates which led the successful movement to make Texas an American State. Austin was also the first man to obtain permission to bring Anglo-American settlers into Spanish Texas. Before Moses died his colonial dream came true. -
Period: to
Age Of Jefferson
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Period: to
Age Of Jackson
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Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase a land deal between the United States and France, in which the United states acquired roughly around 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for 15 million dollars.The treaty was dated April 30 and signed on May 2. In October, the United States Senate ratified the purchase, and in December 1803 France gave authority over the region to the United States. -
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West Ward Expansion
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Embargo Act
The Embargo Act was an act that was composed a law passed by the United States Congress and was signed by Thomas Jefferson. It prohibited American ships from trading in foreign ports. The embargo Act was mainly made with the purpose of avoiding any more conflict with British parliament. -
Madison Presidency
James Madison was a founding father of the united states and the fourth American president. Madison was an advocate for a strong federal government. Madison composed the firsts drafts of the U.S Constitution and the bill of rights and got the name “Father of the Constitution” During his presidency, Madison led the U.S into the controversial War of 1812 against Great Britain. -
Star-Spangled Banner
The star-spangled banner is our countries' national anthem to this day. although it wasn't officially adopted till 1931. These lyrics started off as a poem written by Francis Scott Key. It was originally just an ordinary poem describing what he saw the morning after the battle of Fort McHenry. It was written on the back of a letter. Years later it was transformed into a song and now is used to represent the united States of America. -
Changes In Transportation
Jefferson decided that it was time for a different transposition system would make a big difference and would benefit best by connecting American community. The system that changed everything involved roads as well as rivers and rail roads. it included the digging of water ways too. By the mid's of the 1800's dirt roads had been built in most parts of the United States Of America. -
Changes In Communication
The telegraph revolutionized long- distance communication. It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laird between stations. Printing was also invented in the 1800s. Because of the innovation of printing, it let news spread out easier, printing helped out with advertising. -
McColluch vs. Maryland
Maryland had established a prohibitive tax on the notes of the second bank of the United States. When the Maryland courts confirmed this law, the bank in the name of the of its Baltimore branch, cashier McColluch appealed the Supreme Court and refused to pay the tax. The court held that Congress held the power to incorporate the bank and that Maryland could not tax instruments of the national government employed in the execution of constitutional powers. This was a major Supreme court case -
Temperance Movement
This movement had a significant impact on the United States. This act was dedicated to try and prohibit alcohol and promote complete abstinence of it. Many believed intoxicating liquor was bad so therefore they attempted to get rid of it. -
Second Great Awakening
The Second Great Awakening had a profound effect on American religious history. The numerical strength of the Baptists and Methodists rose relative to that of the denominations dominant in the colonial period, such as the Anglicans. -
Election Of 1824
The 1824 presidential election was one of the most hotly contested and most important in American history. Of the four major candidates, none received the requisite majority in the Electoral College. Ultimately, John Quincy Adams was elected the sixth president of the United States. The election was decided by the House of Representatives. -
John C. Calhoun
John C. Calhoun, the South’s recognized intellectual and political leader from the 1820s until his death in 1850, devoted much of his remarkable intellectual energy to defending slavery. He developed a two point defense, one was a political theory that the rights of minority section in particular the south needed special protecting the federal union. The second argument was an argument that presented slavery as an institution that benefited all involved. -
Spoil System
This was invented when Andrew Jackson was elected president, and it was based on rotation in office and rewarding loyal supporters. It was basically the policy of removing political opponents from federal offices and replacing them with party loyalists. This had a negative effect because it was like favoritism. -
Indian Removal Act
The Indian Removal act was an act in which law was signed and past with the authorization of president Andrew Jackson in the year 1830. It led to the eviction of native Americans from their homelands in the east next to the territory that was west of the Mississippi river . The removal of the Native American form their homes led to the very tragic event known as the "trail of tears." -
Yeomen Farmers
Yeomen farmers who owned their own modest farm and worked it primarily with family labor remains the embodiment of the ideal American: honest, virtuous, hardworking, and independent. These same values made yeomen farmers central to the republican vision of the new nation. -
Free Black Communities
Some slaves bought their own freedom from their owners, but this process became more and more rare as the 1800's progressed. Some slaves were set free by their masters as the abolitionist movement grew. Unfortunately, Black's were not offered the same rights as white people. -
transcendentalism
Transcendentalism is american literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century. It grew as to protest against the general state of intellectualism and spirituality. The two most famous transcendentalists are Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. -
Mormons
The Mormon church grew rapidly, gained converts, and Smith set up Mormon communities in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois. However, the Christian sect was also heavily criticized for its unorthodox practices, such as polygamy. These claims and the practice of polygamy caused the Mormons to be shunned. The Mormons were persecuted and so, they migrated west along the Oregon Trail. Led by Brigham Young, the Mormons moved to the western states. -
Trail Of Tears
The Trail of Tears was a series of forced removals of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to an area west of the Mississippi River that had been designated as Indian Territory. -
Nathaniel Turner's Rebellion
In 1831, Nathaniel; also known as Nat, began to notice conflicts between whites and blacks.He believed he was chosen by God to rise and revolt against white slave owners. He then gathered more supporters and continued their wrath across the U.S. This even was known for being very tragic and bloodiest slave rebellion. -
American Anti-Slavery
This event is also known as A.A.S. William Lloyd Garrison and a group of other abolitionist founded the American Anti- Slavery Society. These men provided local and state antislavery societies, with an organization that could take their cause to the national level. They hoped to convince both Southerners and Northerners of slavery’s inhumanity. They also went to the U.S Congress with petitions calling for the end of slavery. -
Changes In Agriculture
The economic developments of this revolution brought many significant changes to the economy. It resulted in increased population and outstanding urbanization in the cities. People moved in from other areas in search of employment. Agricultural improvements were creating the iron plow. The iron plow helped accelerate the process in agriculture. -
Greek Revival
The Greek Revival is a neoclassical style of architecture inspired by and incorporating features of Greek temples from the 5th century BC. The Greek Revival was architectural movement of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, mostly in Northern Europe and the United States. A product of Hellenism, it may be looked upon as the last phase in the development of Neoclassical architecture -
Seige of Bexar (Alamo)
the Seige of Bexar is were San Antonio became the first major campaign of the Texas revolution. the Seige of Bexar was form October until early December 1835 in which an army of Texan volunteers laid seige to a Mexican army in San Antonio De Bexar. -
Davy Crockett
Davy Crockett was born in 1786, and died in 1836. He took part in the battle of the Alamo and was killed. He is remembered for being a 19th century american folk hero, frontiersman, and politician. -
Sam Houston
Sam Houston was first governor of Tennessee in 1827. Sometime After he made it to be the first president of the Republic of Texas in 1826 and he was once again reelected in 1841. Sam Houston was ousted for not supporting the confederacy after he was Texas state senator and for briefly being governor which got cut short due to his opinion of the Confederacy. -
Battle Of San Jacinto
The Battle of San Jacinto was fought on April 21 in the year 1836 and was also fought during the Texas' war for independence from Mexico. During this battle Sam Houston launched a surprise attack against the forces of Mexican General Antonio Lopez De Santa Anna near what today is called Houston, Texas. The Mexicans were thoroughly routed, and hundreds were taken as prisoners, including Santa Anna himself. -
Oregon Trail
The Oregon trail stretched more than two hundred thousand miles that carried American settlers from the Midwest to new settlements in Oregon, California, and Utah. It was laid down by fur trappers and traders and could only be traveled by horseback. -
Lowell Mills
Lowell mills was a production system created for labor to help those who wanted to be employed. It consisted of female-textile workers that wee usually young and single. They were allowed to live there as well. This event lasted roughly about 10 years. -
Underground Railrod
This underground railroad was not really underground... NOR a railroad. Passages, secret routes, and places were created to help slaves escape plantations they were enslaved on. This railroad helped hundred thousands of slaves escape from bondage in the South. -
Election Of 1844
The Untied States presidential election of 1844 was the 15th president election in November 1st to December 4 in 1844. Henry Clay was in the Whigs political party and ran against democrat James K. Polk. It was a very close tie but James k. Polk defeated Henry Clay which after time turned in the controversial issues of slavery and the annexation of the Republic of Texas. -
Manifest Destiny
It expressed the belief that it was Anglo Americans providential mission to expand their civilization and institutions across the breadth of North America. This expansion would involve not merely territorial but the progress of liberty and individual economic opportunity as well.It was. The term and the concept were taken up by those desiring to secure Oregon Territory, California, Mexican land in the Southwest. -
Annexation Of Texas
The annexation of Texas was the annexation of the republic of Texas into the United states of america, Texas was admitted to the union as the 28th state on the date December 29 in the year 1845. Furthermore the republic of Texas declared Independence from the republic of Mexico on March 2,1836. even though Mexico wanted to keep Texas which was due Van Buren having fear a war would break out and another reason being he didn't want to add a new state to the Union that allowed slavery. -
James K. Polk
James K. Polk was the 11th president of the United States of America. Polk was known and recognized for his territorial expansion of the nation chiefly through the Mexican-American war. -
Mexican American War
In 1845, the United States completed its annexation of Texas, which became the 28th state on December 29. This move led to a breakdown in diplomatic relations with Mexico. After the United States sent troops to a disputed border region around the Rio Grande River, the Mexican-American War broke out. The United States won the two-year battle, and as a result, Mexico relinquished its claims to Texas. It also recognized the Rio Grande as America’s southern border. -
Battle Of Palo Alto
This battle happened shortly before the United States declared war on Mexico. This was the first major battle of the Mexican-American war that was fought, in which Zachary Taylor was the general leader. The Battle Of Palo Alto took place in what is present day Brownsville, Texas. -
Bear Flag Revolt
The Bear Flag Revolt was a small group of African American settlers in California that rebelled against the Mexican government and proclaimed California an independent republic and it lasted 1 month which was form June to July in the year 1846. -
California Gold Rush
The California Gold Rush was the largest mass migration in American history since it brought about 300,000 people to California. It all started on January 24, 1848, when James W. Marshall found gold on his piece of land at Sutter's Mill in Coloma. The news of gold quickly spread around. This created large expansion to the western region. -
Zach Taylor
The central challenge facing Zachary Taylor as he took office was the sectional debate over slavery and its expansion into the country’s new western territories. The emergence of the antislavery Free Soil Party had intensified southerners’ fears that the abolitionist North would gain control of Congress, and they saw slavery’s extension in the West as the only way of maintaining a balance. -
Fugitive Slave Act
The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act also known as the "bloodhound law" and it was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave-holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers. They nicknamed it bloodhound law because of the dogs that were being used to find and track the run away slaves in which were used to bring the slaves back to where they had escaped form. -
Compromise of 1850
The south gained by the strengthening of the fugitive slave law, the north gained a new free state, California. Texas lost territory but was compensated with 10 million dollars to pay for its debt. Slave trade was prohibited in Washington DC, but slavery was not. The compromise prevented further territorial expansion of slavery while strengthening the Fugitive Slave Act. -
Winfield Scott
Winfieild Scott was an american army officer who held the rank of general in three wars he had the most important position or rank as an American military figure between the revolution and the civil war. Although Scott was the unsuccessful beaten Whig candidate when he ran for president in 1852. Scott died on May 29,1866. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Uncle Toms Cabin was An anti-slavery novel by an American author who was Harriet Beecher Stowe. The novel was published in 1852, Uncle toms cabin impact on people said to have caused people in the North to become much more opposed to slavery which was huge thing it also went to say that the novel had helped make slavery less popular by putting faces on the slaves and on their owners. In less words, the book had a major influence on the way American pubic viewed slavery. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act was an 1854 bill that mandated popular sovereignty, allowing settlers of a territory to decide whether slavery would be allowed within a new state’s borders.The conflicts that arose between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers in the aftermath of the act’s passage led to the period of violence known as Bleeding Kansas, and helped paved the way for the American Civil War. -
Lincoln Ten Percent Plan
The Lincoln Ten Percent Plan was also know as the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, the purpose of the 10-Percent Plan was to offer pardons to Confederate states if they would be supportive to the Constitution and the Union. Proceeding the oath, representatives could then be elected to participate in drafting and writing new state constitutions and local governments for the southern states -
Women At War
Thousands Woman at War were women form the north and south that volunteered brigades and signed up to work as nurses and helped the hurt or wounded but not only were they working as nurses there was up to 400 women whom disguised themselves as men and fought in the Union and Confederate armies during the Civil War. -
Ulysses S. Grant
Ulysses S. Grant was the 18th president of the United States Content. Grant was a commanding general of the army, solder, international statesman as well as an author. Grant commanded the very triumphant union army during the american Civil War. fought in the Mexican-American war. -
Stonewall Jackson
General Andrew Jackson earned the nickname "Stonewall" Jackson on Henry Hill outside Manassas in the battle of first bull run which is known as the (first battle of Manassas). Jackson a was a skilled military tactician, he served as Confederate general under Robert E. Lee in the American Civil war leading troops at Manassas Antietam Fredericksburg. Not long after he lost an arm and died after he was "accidentally" shot by confederate troops at the battle of Chancellorsville. -
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The Civil War
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Sectionalism
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Emancipation Proclamation
The emancipation proclamation was issued by President Abraham Lincoln. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." Therefore had granted freedom to the slave in the confederate states. But the only way way was if the Union won the war. -
Robert E. Lee
Robert E. Lee served as the legendary general of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. In June 1861, Lee assumed command of the Army of Northern Virginia, which he would lead for the rest of the war. Lee invaded the North, only to be defeated at the Battle of Gettysburg. With Confederate defeat, Lee continued on, battling Union General Ulysses S. Grant in a series of clashes in Virginia in 1864-65 before finally surrendering. -
Carpetbaggers
In the year 1863, in the United States a Carpetbagger was known as a person whom is from the Northern States who went to the south after the civil war to be able to get benefited and profited from the Reconstruction. -
Gettysburg
President Abraham Lincoln was invited to deliver remarks, at the official dedication ceremony for the National Cemetery of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania, on the site of one of the bloodiest and most decisive battles of the Civil War. Lincoln’s 273-word address would be remembered as one of the most important speeches in American history. He said the principles of human equality in the Declaration of Independence and the sacrifices of the Civil War with the desire for “a new birth of freedom." -
Battle Of Vicksburg
The Battle Of Vicksburg was in many ways very important, although Vicksburg lost the battle, The union forces had complete control of the Mississippi river and had a big effect and cut the confederacy into two. The confederate forces Which were in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas were now isolated form the rest of the south. -
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Reconstruction
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Freedman's Bureau
Established in 1865 by Congress to help former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the U.S. Civil War. The Freedmen’s Bureau provided food, housing and medical aid, established schools and offered legal assistance. It also attempted to settle former slaves Confederate lands seized or abandoned during the war. However, the bureau was stopped from fully carrying out its programs due to a shortage of funds and personnel, along with the politics of race and Reconstruction. -
Forty Acres And A Mule
Forty Acres and a Mule was what the promise to enslaved black farmers that was made By Union General William Tecumseh Sherman but it failed so bad and due to the failure to redistribute land after the civil War and the economic hardship that African Americans suffered as a result. -
13th Amendment
The 13th Amendment was to officially abolish slavery in other words "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as as a punishment for crime where of the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction." the 13th amendment was ratified in 1865 after all that happened after the civil war. -
Appomattox Courthouse
The confederate states (south) surrendered at the Appomattox courthouse. General Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to General Ulysses S. Grant there as well. This effectively ended the civil war leaving them at peace. -
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
The KKK group was an organization whom did very horrible things to people of color/ African Americans the victims suffered from torture, being hung , and even being stabbed to death. The KKK were white supremacist and what they were doing was known as the "reign of terror through the south". The KKK exceeded around 4 million people nation wide they wore white hoods to hide their identity and make their victims feels for frightened as they were being killed. -
14th Amendment
The 14th amendment had been made to make any person who's born in the United States, a citizen no matter what background they carry. The Constitution states: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." It also states that any citizen born in the U.S may have their rights taken "nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law" -
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Cultural changes
