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34,000 BCE
The Bering Land Bridge
The first wave was 50 thousand years ago, it was a postulated route of human migration to the Americas from Asia. The early Americans were hunters and gathers meaning they did not stay in one place for a long time always moving their settlement to keep up with animals that they hunted. They possibly over hunted large game animals and had to hunt smaller animals in order to survive. They eventually settled and started planting. staple crops were developed, they grew tomatoes, beans, squash etc. -
1000
Catholic Church (Dark Ages)
In the dark ages the catholic church controlled everything. the church was apart of everyone's life's some would devote themselves to serving god their whoe life. The catholic church become a hierarchy and the pope established supreme power in western Europe, the pope wad above kings and even monarchs. Royalty could be excommunicated which meant they could not receive the sacraments. -
1347
Black Death (Death)
The Black Death originally came from Asia and spread into European countries. The disease was transmitted thru fleas which were then carried by rats and they would get onto ships, houses etc. people died when infected body fluids would get onto another human being. 40% to 50% of Europe died due to this plague. An infected persons skin will turn black and warts would appear. -
1440
Human Sacrifice (Aztecs)
The Aztec civilization was not the first to practice human sacrificing even though being the largest population in Mesoamerica with a population of 20 million.The Olmec civilization is believed to be the first to start sacrificing but the Aztecs took it to a whole other level, they would cut through the abdomen and then a hand would reach inside and tear the heart out. Humans were sacrificed as a way to repay to the Aztecs gods for creating the world and sun and some would a payment for crimes. -
1492
Colombian Exchange
The Colombian exchange was named after Christopher Columbus. Animals (horses, cattle), crops and plants (Wheat, Sugar canes) were traded from the old world to the new world. The old world benefited more than the new world did, Diseases like smallpox, measles and influenza were also carried on onto the new world and since the new world had no immunity to these diseases the Indian population was almost wiped out. -
1500
Slavery (Middle Passage)
The Middle passage was the trade of African American slaves from the Atlantic ocean to the new world. African Americans would be put below the ship with horrible conditions they had no room, they were chained up and the bodied that died were left there until they would be thrown over board into the ocean. -
1535
New Spain
The Spain were looking for precious metals like gold and silver from native american empires they encountered. The Indians would be used a slaves for mining, diseases would eventually kill the Indians and African Americans would replace them. since Spain was getting all of this gold and silver there was a big inflation. -
Colonial Economy
The New England colonies economy was now mainly based on whaling and fishing and would also build ships since the soil was not very good for farming. They were also involved in the Atlantic slave trade. -
First English colonies
The English started going to the new world until later. The first English colony was Jamestown, Virginia. Jamestown tarted as a private charter from the English. 105 settlers went to the new colony and only 32 survived the first winter. The English did not want to ask natives for help. John Smith become leader of the colony made everyone work. negotiated with natives to teach them how to do basic stuff in order to survive -
Plymouth colony
About one hundred pilgrims founded went to the new world on the mayflower from England, more than half died in first winter. among the settlers at Plymouth were pilgrims who had came seeking religious freedom. A native american named Squanto was kidnapped by john smith and was taken to England but escaped and went back to and ended up being an interpreter in Plymouth. The Mayflower compact was the first form of self-government it was basically an agreement by everyone for the good if the colony -
Navigation Acts
The Navigation Acts limited Dutch trading with english. All trades with England and the colonies had to be from English ships. Due to england passing this law the colonies hated the english more since it forced them to buy only from the mother land. -
Quakers
The Quakers started as a society of friends. George Fox thought god was inside everyone, people saw George talking about his beliefs as a threat so they out him in jail, more people joined. Some Quakers went to north america but they were still judge and even soem were killed that is when William Penn founded Pennsylvania as a safe heaven for Their religion so no one would bother them. -
Carolina's
King charles had given the land to the people who called themsleves Lords Proprietors. The Carolina colonies were founded to make money by growing cash crops. Carolina was also a buffer colony between Spanish Florida. If Spain attacked then they would have time to get ready and fight back. -
The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a time period were people were more doubtful and skeptical of what was real and what was not, nothing was real until proven. People also started questioning the bible. Science was also a big thing in this time, Sir Isaac Newton discovered gravity and made the three laws of motion. -
English Bill of Rights
The English Bill of rights protected the basic rights of people, it also limited the power of kings and queen they no longer could do what they wanted. Colonist will become self ruled by representative government some of the rights that were given by the bill of rights are no excessive bail and no cruel and unusual punishment -
Salem Witch trails
started by a group of girls claiming that they were possessed and accused women of witchcraft.There was a panic among the colony and everyone started to accuse each other of witchcraft when people pointed out the distant more quiet ones. some people would accuse others simply because they did not like them. The three women that were accused of witchcraft were questioned and they were hung. -
The Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was started by a preacher named Johnathan Edwards. Unlike The enlightenment The Great Awakening was more about religion than science. People started straying away from the Puritan church and started interpreting the bible by themselves. -
French and Indian war
The French and Indian war lasted for 7 years. This was the first real world war. England, France and Spain were all fighting for territory. Britain and the colonies wanted more westward land, France wanted more land from the south. The end of this war resulted in the Treaty of Paris 1763 -
Townshend act
The Townshend Act put taxes on paper, glass, paint and tea. The colonies did not like being taxed so they boycotted and did not buy British goods they also started to make their own clothes -
Boston Massacre
The Boston massacre was caused by a group of Bostonians harassing British soldiers they were throwing rocks and snowballs at the soldiers. the soldiers fired into the crowd 5 people died in the shooting. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was when drunk people from Boston dressed as Indians and snuck onto a british ship that had a tea and threw it a lot tea crates over board causing the british to loose a lot of money. -
Common sense
Common sense was written by Thomas Pain he argued for independence from England and wanted more democratic representatives. This Pamphlet inspired the thirteen colonies to fight for their independence from the british. -
The Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson showed the colonies that they could separate from Britain, they no longer want to be ruled by the British so they declared their independence. Jefferson wrote a draft and completed it on July 4th. The colonies were looking at France and Spain to be able to have an alliance, both join and help the colonies win. -
Battle of Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga is a major victory for the colonies this marked the turning point of the war. This victory showed France that the colonies did have hope of winning. The French send support they send troops and also their navy. -
Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation was put together fast it had no central government. The articles failed big time it was too weak to enforce its own laws. the states did what they wanted did not comply. Congress cant pay pensions and couldnt get anything done. bottom line it sucked -
The Bill of Rights
The first 10 Amendments are the bill of rights. It was part of the Anti-Federalist they said it was crucial for the bill of rights to secure each persons rights. Mean while federalist said the constitution did not need the bill of rights. -
Treaty Of Paris 1783
The Treaty of Paris 1783 ends the revolutionary war. The US is now recognized as an independent country. The northern border is established with british north america and Canada. The Mississippi river is acecable to both nations the US receives frontier land to the Mississippi river. -
Shays rebellion
Shays Rebellion was bad for everyone it was a six month long rebellion they took over the court of common pleas. the rebellion last so long because the article of confederations were extremely weak and couldn't even stop this. They revolted because of the debt that they had from the revolution. The legislature passed laws that helped out with the economy for debtors -
Constitutional Convention (Slavery)
A problem with slaves was that they did not know how to count them wether they would be part of the population or would they be considered property. The south was Pro-Slavery so if they counted slaves as part of the population they would have the greater advantage. The north was Anti-Slavery and they said it was unfair. The 3/5 compromise was then made . -
William Penn
William Penn was a Quaker who wanted to have a refuge for all Quakers. King Charles owed Penn money and could not pay back so instead he gave Penn land and founded Pennsylvania in December 12, 1787 and turned it into a safe heaven for Quakers, it was also called "Peaceable Kingdom". -
Three Branches (Judiciary)
The judiciary Branch overviews court cases, it also determines which policies and laws are constitutional. Congress can impeach the president. -
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a Pennsylvania and Kentucky farmers protest against tax on whiskey. six thousand threaten to attack Pittsburgh. This rebellion tested the the US constitution Washington leads army and when the farmers find out they scatter and the revolt ends -
The Cotton Gin
The Cotton Gin was invented by Eli Whitney this invention removed seed from cotton faster than human labor could. cotton was on a decline before this and the gin made cotton become popular again. Slave use was also on the decline and the after the cotton gin slavery started to become a big thing again -
The Cotton Gin
The CottonGin was invented by Eli Whitney this invention removed the seeds from cotton faster than human labor could. Cotton became popular again it was started to die down along with slavery but with this invention it now raised the demand for cotton and slaves equally. -
Washington Farewell Address
Washington farewell address was advice given to the citizens before Washington left office. Washington warned the people to avoid conflict to stay neutral in a situation and to not have permanent alliances. since Washington quit after serving 2 terms that was what all the other presidents served -
Alien and Sedation acts
The Alien Act made becoming a US citizen more difficult and the deporting of immigrants. The Sedation Acts made is a crime to say negative things about the U.S. or the president, this was used by the federalist against the republicans. -
Midnight Judges
The midnight Judges were appointed by John Adams, which was the president at the time, he appointed the judges as a way to keep federalist influence in the government -
Louisiana Purchase
Thomas Jefferson wanted a nation of farmers. Spain ceded Louisiana back to france. France wants to get rid of the land offers the US a great deal three cents an acre, Jefferson couldn't resist buys it and doubles the size of the nation and secures the Mississippi river. -
Lewis And Clark
Lewis was Thomas Jefferson's personal secretary. On the other hand Clark was an army officer he had a lot of map making experience. they were sent out into the new territory to map out and see what was out there. They sailed up the Missouri River they also negotiated treaties with the natives they came across. met Sacajawea she turned to be a translator. The expedition took longer than expected and everyone thought they had died but returned after two years -
Embargo Act
The Embargo Act Deprived Britain and France from American goods. this made the US make their own goods since they wouldnt trade with others. this act was very unpopular in sea ports and merchants were affected more than anyone -
War of 1812 (American Strategy)
A lot of people wanted war with britain even though the british navy was still the strongest in the world America still declares war on Britain. Fighting start in 1813 america has a land based strategy to take over canada. The british beat back americans from canada and blocked american ports. in 1814 the british take the Washington D.C. and burns the white house. The war ended in a draw and did not solve anything its more of a second war of independence from Britain. -
Panic of 1819
The panic of 1829 was an economic boom after the war of 1812. The second bank of U.S. will be founded at this time it helps somewhat for a while. The percentage of unemployment were really high and agriculture prices collapsed and the banks also failed. This was one of the worst deppressions in U.S. history. -
Panic of 1819
The panic of 1819 was an economic boom after the war 1812, the second bank of the U.S. will be founded it helps with the boom for a little while. Agriculture prices collapse and the banks fail no longer able to help. This was one of the worst depressions in U.S. history. -
The gold rush
gold was discovered in the Sacramento Valley people went to California hoping they would get rich. Breakfast, tools, and basic necessities were priced really high and thats how many people made a lot of money -
Gold Rush
gold was discovered in the Sacramento Valley. People went in hopes of getting rich most did not find anything, people sold breakfast,tools and other necessities for really high prices and thats how many people made good money. -
Election of 1876
The election results left the nation in suspense. All agreed that Tilden had won the majority of the popular vote, but there was little disagreement on what the electoral results should be. for a candidate to win, they needed 185 electoral votes.
