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8th Grade Social Studies TAKS Review
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Jamestown Settlement
Jamestown was founded in 1607. It was established in Virginia and would soon be the most popular colony. This was also the first English colony. It was founded by the London Company. -
Navigation Acts
The Navigation Acts restricted all the colonial trades to ships owned and manned mostly by Englishmen or British colonists. The Navigation Acts were also one of the great sources of irritationbetween Great Britain and the American colonies. -
Proclamation of 1763
In the fall of 1763, a royal decree was issued that prohibited the North American colonists from establishing or maintaining settlements west of an imaginary line running down the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. The proclamation acknowledged that Native Americans owned the lands on which they were then residing and white settlers in the area were to be removed. -
Stamp Act of 1765
AN ACT for granting and applying certain stamp duties, and other duties, in the British colonies and plantations in America, towards further defraying the expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the same; and for amending such parts of the several acts of parliament relating to the trade and revenues of the said colonies and plantations, as direct the manner of determining and recovering the penalties and forfeitures therein mentioned. -
Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre was an incident in which British redcoats killed five civilian men. It helped spark the rebellion in some of the British American colonies, which culminated in the American Revolutionary War -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a direct action by colonists in Boston against the British government and the monoply that was granted to the East India Company that controlled all the tea coming into the colonies. On December 16, 1773, a group of colonists boarded the ships and destroyed the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor. -
Lexington and Concord
First shots fired between American and British troops, on April 19, 1775. The British chose to march to Concord because it was an arms depot. British troops had occupied Boston and were marching on Concord as they passed through Lexington. No one is still sure who fired first, but it was the "Shot Heard 'Round the World." -
Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence is the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress asserting the independence of the Colonies from Great Britain -
Battle of Saratoga
Battle between the Americans and British which became a turning point of the war. The American victory convenced the French to enter the war on the side of the Americans. -
Battle of Yorktown
The last battle of the Revolutionary War, fought near the seacoast of Virginia. There the British general Lord Cornwallis surrendered his army to General George Washington. -
Treaty of Paris
Treaty that officially ended the Revolutionary War on September 3, 1783. It was signed in Paris by Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay. Under the terms of the treaty, Britain recognized the independent nation of the United States of America. Britain agreed to remove all of its troops from the new nation. The treaty also set new borders for the United States, including all land from the Great Lakes on the north to Florida on the south, and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River. -
Constitutional Convention
The Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia where a group of representatives from each of the former Colonies, except Rhode Island, met to frame the constitution of the United States. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a huge land purchase by the United States in 1803 which effectively doubled the size of the young nation. The land, a vast tract of 828,000 square miles, essentially the American Midwest, was bought from France for $15 million(approx. 4 cents an acre). The purchase is known as the greatest real estate deal in history. -
Embargo Act of 1807
Law passed by Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson in 1807. This law stopped all trade between America and any other country. The goal was to get Britain and France, who were fighting each other at the time, to stop restricting American trade. The Act backfired, and the American people suffered. The Act was ended in 1809. -
War of 1812
A war between Britain and the United States, fought between 1812 and 1815. The War of 1812 has also been called the second American war for independence. It began over alleged British violations of American shipping rights. American soldiers attacked Canada unsuccessfully in the war, and the British retaliated by burning the White House and other buildings in Washington, D.C. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise was an act of Congress by which Missouri was admitted as a slave state, Maine as a free state, and slavery was prohibited in the Louisiana Purchase north of latitude 36°30´N, except for Missouri. -
Monroe Doctrine
Proclamation issued by President James Monroe which basically, warned European nations not to get involved in political matters in Central and South America. The Doctrine was intended to show that the United States was the only country that could influence such political matters. -
Trail of Tears
The Trail of Tears was the forced relocation and movement of Native Americans, including many members of the Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, and Choctaw nations among others in the United States, from their homelands in the eastern parts of the US, to Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma). -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36°30´. -
US Civil War
From 1861 to 1865, the United States was torn apart by the Civil War that resulted, primarily, by the issue of slavery. Other issues at hand included state’s rights vs. federal power, the economic merits of free labor vs. slave labor, expansionism, modernization, and taxes.
