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War between Inca and Chimú states
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Inca empire expands and hierarchical structure becomes more formalised
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Pachacuti becomes ruler of Cuzco kingdom; beginning of the Inca empire
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Tupaq Inca appointed head of Inca army; conquers territories to the north
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Incas conquer Chimú empire
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Beginning of Epic Revolution, triggered by unrest amongst peasants and urban workers, who are led by Emiliano Zapata.
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Mexico's dictator, Porfirio Diaz, is overthrown. The new president is Francisco Madero, a liberal. Madero introduces land reform and labour legislation. Political unrest continues with Zapata leading a peasant revolt in the south.
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Madero is assassinated. Victoriano Huerta seizes power.
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He is viewed with suspicion by the United States for his alleged pro-German sympathies. Huerta is succeeded by Venustiano Carranza.
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US forces cross the border in pursuit of the guerrilla leader Francisco "Pancho" Villa.
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having failed to kill Villa. A new constitution is adopted, which is designed to ensure permanent democracy in Mexico.
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Carranza is murdered. Civil war follows.
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The National Revolutionary Party is formed. In 1946 it is re-named the Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI.
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Leon Trotsky murdered in Mexico.
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Mexico declares war on Japan and Germany.
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Student demonstration in Tlatelolco, Mexico City, during the Olympic Games is fired upon by Mexican security forces. Hundreds of protestors are killed or wounded. The extent of the violence shocks the country.
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Huge offshore oil reserves discovered; the Cantarell field becomes the mainstay of Mexico's oil production.
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Earthquake in Mexico City kills thousands and makes many more homeless.
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Mexican parliament ratifies the North American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta) with the US and Canada.
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August - Presidential elections won by PRI candidate Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon, after the previous candidate, Luis Donaldo Colosio, was murdered. The stock market plunges in December, the peso loses a third of its value.